Richmond Hill Public Library News Index

York Commonwealth, 25 Mar 1859, p. 1

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IlYMN FOR SABBATH MORNING BY D. SCHMOLCHâ€"1731. Light of light enlighten me, Now anew the day is dawning ; Sun of Grace ! the shadows fienâ€" Brighten thou my Sabbath morning. With thy joyous sunshine blest, Happy is my day of rest ! Fount of al I our joy and peace, To thy living waters lead me , Thou from earth my soul release, And with grace and mercy feed me ; Bless thy word that it may prove Rich in fruits that thou dost love. Kindle thou thy sacrifice That upon my lips is lying ; Clear the .shadows from my eyes, That, from every error flying, No strange firo within me glow, That thine altar doth not know. Let tne, with my heart, to-day. Holy, holy, holy, singing, Rapt awhile from earth away, All my soul to thee unspringing, Have a foretaste inly given How they worship thee in heaveii Rest in me and I in thee ; Build a Paradise withiu mo ; O, reveal thyself to me, Blessed love who died to win me ! Fed by that exhaustloss urn. Pure and bright my lamp shall burn. Hence all care, all vanity, For the day to God is holy ; Como, thou glorious Majesty, Deign to fill this temple lowly : Naught to-day my soul .‘.hall move, Simply trusting in thy love ! nrmiT rr~f-r~r.~inr- n-1 iM nr MWâ€"1 HI I VoL I. RICHMOND HILL, FRIDAY, MARCH 25, 1859. No. 17. out reason, as an only one without I SUCCESS, a fel'ow. But this son, also, Henry | Fitzmaurice Hallam, was taken]. ® secret of success what is from him shortly after he had been j 11 • t‘1IS country, among people called to the bar in 1850, and the who are equally protected and en- Mistrllimroos Xitmitim. VOLTAIRE'S DEATH. The awful details of Voltaire’s death are too well known to need repetition. It will be sufficient in this place to merely add the follow- ing authentic anecdote :â€"' Some years ago an individual weil-known and highly respected in the religious world, narrated in my hearing the following incident. In early life, while with a college companion, he was making a tour on the Continent, at Paris his friend was seized with an alarming illness. A physician of great celebrity was speedily sum- moned, who slated lhat the case was a critical one, and much would depend on strict attention to his di- rections. As there was no < ne at hand upon whom they could place much reliance, he was requested to recommend some confidential and experienced nurse, lie mentioned one, but addedâ€"‘You may think yourself happy indeed should you be able to secure her services, but she is in so much request amongst the higher circles here, that there is lit- tle cnanee of finding hor disen- gaged V The narrator at once or- dered his carriage, went to her residence, and, much to Ins satisfac- tion, found her at home. He briefly stated to her his errand, and she said she would attend, but would ask one questionâ€"4 Is your friend a Christian V ‘ Yes,’ he replied ; but I should like to know your reason for asking?’ ‘Sir,’ she answered, ‘I was the nurse that attended Vol- taire in his last illness, and for all the wealth of Europe, I would nev- er see another Infidel dieâ€"Lord's Damascus. poor bereaved father buried him in Clevedon Church, in Somersetshire, by the side of his brother, and his sister, and his mother.â€"London Times. EFFECTS OF USING TO- BACCO. DEATH OF IIENRY HALLAM. The constellation of writers who shed a radiance on the early part of the present century is fast vanishing away. Not the least remark;* ble of these, the historian of the Middle Ages, of the Revival of Letters, and of the English Constitution Henry Hallam, died on Saturday, Jan. 22, at the great age of 81. He has left but few of his companions behind him, and more than this, it was his bitter fate to outlive those who should have come after him. to see two sons of rare promise, who should have preserved his name, go before him, the pride of his life snatched from his eyes, the delight of his old age laid low in the dust of death. One of these was that Ar- thur H enrv Hallam, who died in 1833, and to whom Tennyson dedi- cated the remarkable series of poems wlich have been published under the title of ‘ In Memoriam.’ The bereaved father was broken hearted for his son, and spoke of his hopes on this side of the tomb being struck down forever. A year or two af- terward, when he produced the ‘In- troduction to the Literature of Eu- rope,’ there appeared a most affect- ing passage in the preface, which to those who knew him, suggested the hidden grief that was preying on his mind. He referred to the imper- fection ol his work, to the impossi- bility ot rendering it complete under any circumstances, and the especial impossibility of his doing so. ‘ I have other warnings,’ he said, ‘ to J bind up my sheaves while I mayâ€" my own advancing years and the gathering in the heavens.’ His hopes, however, revived ,ts his younger son giew up to manhood, and seemed to promise not less than the accomplished youth whom his lather had regarded, and not with- it is frequently asked whether the use of tobacco is injurious to teeth and the health. In answer to which the inquirer may be respectfully in- vited to turn to his Cvclopaadia, and when he reads the powerful princi- ples it contains, namely emprneuma- tic oil and nicoliua, the action of both of which is highly poisonous. â€"(a drop of the former placed on the tongue excites convulsions and coma, lethargic drowsiness, and may prove fatal in a few minutes ; and a quarter of a drop of the latter will kill a rabbit, and a drop a do^j, will ha not rather inquire how it can be otherwise than most injurious, not only to ihe teeth and gums, but in- directly. If not obviously, to every part of the frame ? Beyond an un- sightly discoleration of the teeth, and an empyrneuma ieaj infection of the breath, of those accustomed to the use of this narcotic acid poison, its deleterious effects may not for a considerable period be detected ; but after long habitual use, the whole system becomes impregnated ; and although habit may reconcile its action when used moderately, nothing can secure the body from its irratative property and ultimate absorption when employed iu excess or incautiously. Its action on the heart, or probably the nerves of the heart, manifest itself by lower posi- t/ons, and indulgence in an intem- perate and excessive use of tobacco, by smoking a number of pipes and cigars has caused death. Under the action of the nervous system, the motions of the heart, and subse- quently the general quickness of the course of the blood, are quickened or retarded. All irritants and stimu- lants urge and force to a more vehe- ment, and, consequently, a more ra- pid outlay of the strength or capa- city for exertion ; and it is an in- variable law of organization, that outlays are succeeded by depression, and whatever unduly depresses, whether resulting originally from a stimulant, a narcotic, a sedative, or any other powerful principle, has the effect of lessening improperly the action of the heart and arteries ; and it is on this account that neither intoxicating drinks, nor tobacco, nor anything else producing an effect which issues in depression, can be recommended for the promotion of health and longevity. I would therefore strongly recommend abstinence from tiie use of tobacco in all or any of its forms; not only on the ground of its rendering the teeth unsightly and the breath dis- agreeable. but because it is clear, to a demonstration, that it finally de- presses the natural powers. Its use even in the forms of snuffs and err- hines is very objectionable; the membrane of the nose becomes thickened, ils sensibility impaired, and the power of discriminating odors greatly lessened.â€"Miles on Teeth. â-  couraged, it lies in the steady pur- suit of intelligence, industry, tem- perance, and frugality. There is no royal road to successâ€"the path is oftenest humble. So far as out- ward comfort and competence con- stitute wealth, there is but a frac- tion of society who may not possess it, if each will but turn his or her hand and brain to the vocation for which their instincts and capacities most fit them. If the great fortunes which so dazzle the misjudging poor be analyzed, they will be found in ninety-nine out of the hundred cases, to have sprung and matured from calm, patient, and simple toilâ€"toil which had an endurance and faith behind, and an object and hope te- lore it. So, too, with success in whatever man seeks to accomplish. A clown may stumble upon a splen- did discovery in art or science, but a fixed general law provides that high achievement shall require pro- found and ceaseless labor. The price of success, except, in isolate cases, is the devotion of one’s life. He is a fool who trusts to any dream for possession or advance- ment, unless he connects with it the prudent exercise of his own energy and judgment. BRINGING SEED WHEAT FROM THE SOUTH. The principle is the same in all these cases. It is further illustrated by the effect of planting, in England, sunflower seed grown in this coun- try. The sunflower matures its seed earlier and better in the hot climate of America, than under the weeping skies of the British Isles ; and when sunflower seed grown here is plant- ed in England, more and better seed is obtained the first season. On the other hand, Windsor beans succeed better in England than in this coun- try ; and when we plant seed grown there we cun frequently obtain a fair crop, but if we plant seed raised here it usually fails to produce a crop, though we get an abundance of halum. This subject is one of great inter- est lo farmers and gardeners, and we shall be thankful for any facts which corroborate or militate against the principle which we have en- deavored to illustrate.â€"Genesee Farmer. Slrtis antr MR. ARMSTRONG’S GUN. AN ELOQUENT EXTRACT. THE VALUE OF LIBRARIES. Dr. Johnson being once asked whom he deemed the most miser able, “ The man who cannot enter- tain himself with a book on a rainy day.’ A man who reads little, no matter what his vocation is, will be apt to think little, and act chiefly with reference to tradition received from former geaerations, or else in imitation of what is going on about him. There is always hope of a man who loves reading, study and reflection. Not all who buy books liberally, and patronize the press generously, are readers. There is a class of fancy book buyers, who purchase freely and expensively, but who read little and profit nothing from the stores of knowledge trea- sured up in the libraries. Fine cob j lections of books, nicely arranged on shelves, may beget desires of cove- tousness, but can impart little or nothing, only as they are read, studied, and referred to. Every one, whether rich or poor, learned or unlearned, should have a few good books on subjects connected with the objects of his special pur-!tains more or M* character suit, for some years. Since the advent of the midge or weevil, the attention of farmers has been directed with increased interest to all means which in anywise tend to pro note tho early maturity of the wheat crop. It is the opinion of many intelligent, observing wheat- growers, that if they could get the grain to ripen from five to ten days earlier, the midge would do it little, if any, harm. It is owing to its early ripening, that the Mediterra- nean wheat is so much Ic*s liable to injury from the midge than better but later varieties. If a variety of white wheat, which yields as well, and af- fords as good flour as the Soule’s, and which ripens as early as the Mediterranean, could be obtained, it would be worth thousands of dollars to the farmers of Wes^ern New York alone. The experiments ivhich have been made in bringing seed wheat from the south, so far as we have seen and heard, are very en- couiaging. But in this case, it is necessary to bring the seed every year from the South. Its early rip- ening is not owing to any inherent quality in the variety, but rather to the fact that all wheat ripens earlier at the South j and when it is brought North it retains this quality the first seasonâ€"or, rather, ii has a tendency to ripen at the same period as it did where it was grown. Mr. Worth- ington, of Maryland, the able editor of the American Farmer, informs us that he has been in the habit of bringing seed wheat from the more Southern States for some years, and he finds lhat it matures earlier. The only danger to be apprehended is, that it may not be quite so hardy, and the severe winters at the North might be more likely to injure it.â€" But we have heard of no complaints on this point. Many persons doubt whether wheat brought from the South would ripen earlier, or even as early, as that grown farther north, and point to the fact that corn brought from the South-west does not ripen as early as that grown here. Again, corn brought from the Northâ€"from Vermont or Canada Eastâ€"ripens much earlier here, for one or two seasons, than when we plant that which has been raised here for some years, though of the same variety. Again, it is said that corn raised on high hills will ripen earlier when planted in the valleys than that raised in the valleys. These facts do not militate against the idea that wheat brought from the South will ripen earlier. It is true corn brought from the South ripens later. But corn does not ripen as early in the South as at the North, while wheat ripens much earlier.â€" So that if the seed retains a tend- ency to ripen at the same time as it did where grown, the corn, when planted at the North, should ripen later than the same variety grown here, while the wheat should ripen much earlier. Corn at the North does not produce as much stalk as farther South, and it matures earlier, and when it is brought South it re- ‘Generation after generation/ says a fine writer, ‘ have felt as we now feel, and their lives were as our own. They passed like a vapor, while nature wore the same aspect of beauty as when her Creator com- manded her to be. The heavens shall be as bright over our graves as they are now around our paths. The world will have the same at- traction for our offspring yet unborn, that she had or.ee for our children. Yet a little while and all will have happened. The throbbing heart will be stilled, and we shall be at rest. Our funeral will wind its way, and the prayers will be said, and then we shall be left behind in silence awd darkness for the worm. And it may be for a short time we shall be spoken of, but the things of life will creep in, and our names will goon be forgotten. Days will continue to move on, and laughter and song will be heard in the room in which we died ; and the eye that mourned for us will be dried, and glisten again with joy ; and even our children will cease to think of us, and will not remember to lisp our names. An Infernal Report.â€"Some- body to the writer of this unknown, tells a joke that may be worth print- ing. even after making a reasonable deduction for the risk of its been told :â€"In a small town in one of the counties of Ohio, a stranger rode up to the door of a tavern, and having dismounted ordered a stall and some oats for his horse. A crowd of loaf- ersâ€" that class of independent citi- zens who are never equal to decent men except on election dayâ€" swarmed about the bar-room ,*»nd steps, waiting to be ‘ invited up to the counter.’ Among this crowd the stranger’s business was at once the subject of impertinent specula- tion. One fellow, more impudent than the rest, made free to enquire of the traveller what occupation he followed; to which the latter re- plied lhat his business was a secret at present, but that he would proba- bly make it known before leaving town. Having spent a day or two look- ing all around, visiting the places where whiskey was sold, and mak- ing various inquires as to the amount retailed, the number of habi- tual drunkards in the place ; tho number of dogs kept by men whose children never went to school or had enough to eatâ€"after, in short, mak- ing a complete moral inventory of the town, he concluded to leave, and having mounted his hone, was about to be off, when his inquisitive friend urged on by his associates, stepped up and said, ‘ See here, Cap- tain, you promised to tell us your business before you left, and we’d like to hear from you on that point.’ ‘ Well ,’ said the strangerâ€"‘ I am an agent for the devilâ€"I’m hunting a location for hâ€"II, and I am glad that I have found a place where it will not be necessary to re- move the present inhabitants.’ Fashion makes people sit up at night, when they ought to be in bed, and keeps them in bed in the morning when they ought to be up and doing. She makes her votaries visit when they wrould rather stay at home, eat when they are not hungry, and drink when they are not thirsty ! Among the special prizes offered by the Society of Arts in their list just published, is their gold medal, * for the discovery of a substitute for cotton, to be produced in such quan- tities and at such cost as w;ll render it available for commercial and ma- nufacturing purposes.’ We notice besides a few items from the general list. An account is wanted of the stones used for building purposes in the United Kingdom ; of the meth- ods at present in use for ventilating coal-mines, with suggestions for improvement ; and of a new and economic means of producing alumi- num commercially. Prizes are held out for the discovery or manufac- ture of a new smokeless fuel ; for improvements in dyeing and new dyeing material ; for elastic gas- tubes; for oils from coal, shale, &c., suitable for illuminating pur- poses ; for railway transit on com- mon roads ; and ‘ for the produe- tion of an efficient means of carry- ing out the system of oceanic elec~ trie telegraphs between distant countries.’ These are but a few selected from a long list of practical subjects, in which ingenuity of every kind may find exercise.â€" The plans or essays are to be sent in by the 31st of March in this year, or I860. Further progress has been made in various places with gunnery ex- periments. A gun, recently manu- factured by Mr. Armstrong, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, on being tried at Shoeburyness, sent a thirty-two pound ball a distance of 9600 yards â€"more than five miles ; an aston- ishing result with so heavy a ball. At 625 yards distance, the ball pe- netrates solid oak nine feet in thick- ness. There is another advantage of mighty import connected with this singular piece of artillery, that it works with unerring accuracy by r.ight as well as day. Captain Blakely Shows that it is quite pos- sible to make cannon and mortars which shall bombard a place effec- tually at a distance of five miles ; but the things must be properly made. It is now ascertained that increasing the thickness of a can- non or mortar does not make it proportionately stronger ; and for the reason that, as the discharge is so sudden, the outside bears no part of the strain. The same reasoning applies to the hydraulic press.â€" The remedy liesâ€"as demonstrated by Mr. Longridge, at a meeting of the United Service Institutionâ€"in using coils of wise. He makes his cylinder of iron not more than three- quarters of an inch thick, ar.d binds it round with wire, sixteen to the inch, till the wire forms a continu- ous layer half an inch thick, by which the thickness of the cylinder is increased to an inch and a quar- ter. Thin as this is, in comparison with cylinders constructed in the ordinary way, it is found to bear an inside pressure of seven tons to the inch. Thus, light cannon bound round with wire, will be far more serviceable than thick heavy can- non. We are reminded by these re- markable facts of a communication made some time ago to the Philoso- phical Society of Manchester by Mr. John Graham. ‘On the Con- sumption of Coals, and rate of Evaporation from Engine-boilers/ The conclusions arrived at, af*er a course of painstaking experiments, were, that James Watt’s wagon- shaped boiler is the best ; ‘ that a supplementary boiler, under very favourable circumstances, gives a saving of 15 per cent. that scraping the flues and sides of the boiler once a week saves 2 per cent.; ‘ that a difference in the setting alone of the same boiler may rea- dily produce a difference in the re- sult amounting to 21 per cent. and ‘ that a difference in firing only will produce a difference in the re- sult of 13 per cent.’ The preven- tion of ‘scale’â€"that is, the incrus- tation formed on the inside of boil- ersâ€"is shewn to be perfectly pos- sible ; and besides this, a fact comes out which, to many persons, will be astonishing. When a boiler/ says Mr. Graham, ‘ is worked solely for the purpose of heating, by means of its steam, dye-vessels, soap-cisterns, &c., if we take its available power with the steam at 2i pounds press- ure as equal to 100; at 7 pounds pressure it will be 120* and at lfi pounds it will be 130 ; the same quantity of coals being consumed in each case. Or this surprising re- sult, at present unaccounted for, may be thus stated : The same weight of coals consumed in the same number of hours, will work ten cisterns with the steam at 2i pounds’ pressure, twelve cisterns at 7 pounds, and thirteen cisterns at 10 pounds.’ We hear ot a plan by Mr. Rich- ardson for getting rid of the 6moke of private houses, without alterations of the fireplace. He erects an iron pedestal in one of the upper rooms, into which the smoke from the chimneys is led, and there washed by numerous jets of water, with which it descends into a drain, and so is carried away without ris- ing at all into the air. At the same time, the waste heat from the fires warms the room through the pedes- tal, and a supply of water may be kept hoi for household uses. In the matter of decimalisation, that which government refuses to do, is, like many other useful things, undertaken by private enterprise.-â€" Liverpool and Hull are discontinu- ing the use of the common hundred weight, that is, 112 pounds, and adopting instead thereof the 1 cen- tal,’ which, as its name indicates, is a weight of one hundred pounds.â€" This is a wise proceeding, and is following up what was done long ago by France and the United States. How long will it be before London, so proud of its Cockneyism, will follow the example t There are a few words to be said, and of gratifying import, concerning the Patent Officeâ€"-a subject in which art and science are deeply interested. Any person seeking in- formation may now apply at the office in Southampton Buildings, sure of civility, and of not being called on to pay a fee for every question to which he requires an answer. The specifications as far back as the reign of James II, have been printed and arranged for easy reference ; hence, before taking out a patent, it w now possible to discover whether anything of the kind has been patented before, with- out the wearisome, disappointing, and expensive task of searching the rolls. What those rolls were, many inventor* know to their sorrow ; there was no attempt at classifica- tion ; and a Dundee man, once searching for a specification of a mode of dressing flax, found it next to a lord-chanoellor’s letter of resignation. Besides this, sundry old and scarce treatises by early inventors have been reprinted for sale; a special library and collec- tion of portraits is in course of formations, so that, altogether, the Patent Office stands out as a bright spot in our civil service, highly creditable to Mr. Bennett Wood- croft. We hear that a new office is to be built in the vacant ground behind Burlington House, where the several collections aud documents tnay be seen and consulted with ample space and accommodation. In a paper read before the Geo- logical Society, ‘On the Geological Structure of the North of Scotland,’ Sir Roderick Murchison takes oc- casion to notice ‘ the great value of the Caithness flags as paving- stones ; thiir extraordinary dura- bility being due to a certain admix- ture of lime and bitumenâ€"the lat- ter derived from fossil fishesâ€"with silicia and alumnia, while in some parts they contain bitumen enough to render them of economic value. The region is interesting in an- other sense, on account of the nu- merous fossils and footsteps in sandstone slabs recently found there. Ono of the fossils, the Stagonolepis, is a remarkable reptile partaking of the character of the crocodile and lizard ; yet, as Professor Huxley savs, ‘it widely diverges from all known and recent fossil forms, and throws no clear light on the age of the deposit in which it occurs.’ It is, in fact, a higher order of reptile than those of the age to which it might be supposed to belong. We mentioned some time ago the discovery in Cambridgeshireâ€" in the fen countryâ€"of a large deposit of fossil coprolities which had been found valuable as manure. The discovery has been followed up, and with most unexpected re- sults. The coprolites are imbedded in a vein of clay from three to six feet beneath the surface, and the vein itself has a thickness of from six inches to three feet, running down in places to deep pockets.â€" The width of tht vein is ascertain- ed to be a quarter of a mile, and its length is supposed to bo equal to that of the fenâ€"fifty miles ; when we consider that the contents per acre range from 150 to 200 tons, we can form an idea of the importance of these eastern counties diggings. Near Burwell, numerous diggers have been at work for months get- ting out the clay, and washing the fossils ; and English agriculturists may soon supply themselves with a fertiliser which contains full 70 per cent, of phosphate of lime, without sending for it to the guano rocks of the Pacific Ocean. The owners of the land traversed by the vein of clay will doubtless make an enor- mous profit. We conclude with a fact highly interesting to physiologists. M. L. Oilier of Lyon has discovered that, if a portion of the periosteum be taken from the surface of a liv- ing bone, and buried in the flesh of the back, hip, c^c,, it will grow into real bone, with a channel for mar- row in the interior. The bone, moreover, will grow into any shape into which it may be bent when grafted into the flesh. It is thought that surgeons will be able to make this fact available in their cures of broken limbs. CUSTOMS OF THE JAPANESE, Tbe police are everywhere, and a per- son cannot move without having one of them near him. When the French land- ed it was at a place fixed on beforehand, and police agents were there ready to es- cort them to the house where the ambass- ador was to take up his residence; and whenever the parly left the house to see the shops, the police agents kept by their side, and cried out to the shopkeepers to hide certain kinds of merchandise, par- ticularly books or maps relative to the country. Before Baron Gross landed he sent on shore his sedan chair and his French liveries. in which the men who were to carry him were to be dressed, and he proceeded in that way from the water side to his house ; the moment, however, that the government were informed of it, they considered it an encroachment on their authority, and about 600 officials of dif- ferent ranks were arrested, and punished with tines or bastinado for having suffered an enormity. The police stand in great dread ot punishment, for whenever they were asked to do anything which they thought contrary to their duty, they show- ed great alarm, and made a sign by put- ting their hand to their throats, as much as- to say that their beads would be in dau- gcr if they were to comply. Suicide is looked on in Japan with great honour. The usual means adopted is to open the abdomen in the shape of a cross with a small sabre, and if the person has strength enough to cut his throat by a thirds cut, he is looked upon as a hero. When a functionary or a private individual has committed anything which will bring him before a court of law, he anticipates his sentence by committing suicide. The trial is then cnt short, acd his heirs enter into possession of the property of the deceased, and the son takes the office thus vacated by the father. It, on the contrary, the person waits his trial and is executed, he is dishonoured, and his family ruined by' having all their property confiscated. In case of an insult, which in European countries would lead to a duel, the person receiving it seeks out the other in some public place, and rips up his own abdomen in presence of the bystanders. The inâ€" suiter is obliged to do the same, or he and his family would be for ever dishonored. The old custom of ripping open the body is, however, in some cases modified; the person intending to commit suicide merely inflicts on himself a slight scratch, but a friend who is standing behind him cuts off his head by a single blow with a well tem- pered sabre. The system of suicide is, however, so engrafted in the habits of the Japanese of a certain class, that a hand- some dress is kept for the purpose, open- in the front, and when the deed is to take place the friends of the person are invited to be present, and have a sumptuous ban- quet served to them. There are even professors whose business is to teach the use of the sabre in a manner so dexterous that the wound shall not have the appear- ance of having been inflicted by a journey- man butcher. We may remark that this tendency to suicide, which seems to have prevailed in Japan from a very remote period, has apparently lost ground within late years The number of deaths which occurred each .year in that way was extraordinarily great.â€"Debats Anecdote or Hallam.â€"A story of Hallam’s constant love of contra- diction may be new to our readers. After a night of contradiction at Holland House with ‘ My Lady’s Luttrell, Sam Rogers, and Sydney Smith, Hallam returned to his house,- No 67, Wimpolo street, his tonguo still tipped with ready contradiction. It was late, and the historian not in full health. A watchman went by. ‘Past one o’clock/ cried the watch- man, loudly, with a yawn. ‘ No.’ cried Hallam, tartly and loud, throwing up tho sash of his bed- room v\indow, watch in hand; ‘it wants three minutes.’ Industry may be considered as the purse, and frugality as its strings, which should rather be tied with a bow than a double knot, that the contents may not be too difficult of access for reasonable pur- poses. In company set a guard upon your tongue ; in solitude, upon your heart. A great talker never wants enemies ; the man of sense speaks little, and hears much. Though the ways of virtue are rough and craggy, they reach to heaven.

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