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one year, first, insertion . . . . . . . . . . . . . Each subsequent. insertion. . .. i . . . . ‘ . . . 201110110; L0 be considered one column Advertisements \vithoub wrltten direction serted Lil forbid and charged accordingly. 7 TERM, One Dollar per annum, in advance if not, paid within two months, One Dollar and Fxfly Cents W111 be churqu. One inch, one your . ‘ . ‘ . . ‘ . . . . . Two inches, one your. . . Three inches, one y0:\1'..... . . . ()vertln'en inchm. one your... .. ,- Advertisement ‘ for a homer pcnm 1, Ian THE YORK I'IERALD will always be, fuund to contain the latest, and mostimpormm Foreign and Local New.~‘ and Markets, and the greatest care will be taken [,0 rvndm‘ lt, uccopmblc to the 1mm of business, and a valuable Family N_e_wspapm‘. No paper discontinuZ-d nut-Hallm‘ronmgOS are paid; andpnrliesrol'using papgrs wiLhouL paying up will be held accountable for the subscription. All letters addressed to the Editor must be ost-pald. ‘ All transitory mlverljsmnenns l‘roanrngca or n‘rogulm‘cusbome . 1111131. be paid for when handud in for inseruon. Every Friday, Morning, And dispatched to subscribers by the qnx‘lies 1113115 {(0111 couveyan ' when 39 (leflsn'eqa r BOOK AND JOB PRINTING ESTABLISIâ€"IMENT. Orders for any of mo, Imam-mentioned des- cription of Plain and Colored Job Work Cheap Book J' Job Printing Establishment. THE YORK HERALD will be promptly attended 10: Fancy Bills, IEilslncss Cards, Circulars, Law Forms, Bill Heath, Blank Chocks, Di'ul'is, Blank Orders, Receipts, Lettvl‘ Heads, li‘zn‘cy Cards, ’mnplichs, Large and Small Posters, and every other kind of Letter-Press Printing. Having Illmle large additions in die printing material, we are heifer prepared than over L0 do the neatesi‘and most beautiful printing 01 every description. ICEUSED AUCTIONEER FOR THE Uountiex of York and Peel, leector 01' Notes. Amounts, (to. Small chalgcs and plenty to (lo. Cohn‘tgfof York. Sales um‘ended to on the sllm'tosb notice and :LL modomLc rates. 1’. 0. Address, Humonville. Markham, July 21, 1868. 2 «197 JOHN N. REID, M.D., CORNER ()F YUUNG ANI) CULBURNE STEIN-1TH, TIIURNHIIJJ. (‘ousulmt-imls in the 0mm: on the morning's 0f Tm-sdzws, Thurs- (lays, and Saturdays. from H to 10 A.) *{All consultations in the Office, (“\511. Tuornhill, Juan 5), 1813-3 1‘2 1 MEMBER 01“ T1110 ROYAL COLLEGE Surgeons, England. IiL‘Si(l(‘HC(‘Z Norm of Richmond Hill, at, llllc Elgin Mills. All wills (night 01' day) promptly attended 10. Elgin Mills, Jun. 1, 1570. ‘ 598 VV HOME mm s .o .21. George A. Langswll' ls authorized to collect Accounts. Richmond Hill, Oct 11, 1960. 12 5HS' 1‘ COHXIUOH of York. Poe-1 and Ontario. Residenceâ€"Lot, 8, ULII 001)., Markham. P, 0. Unionvillc. Sales attendml on the shortest; notice and on reasonable terms. " lvl'L at the “Hm‘a‘d” office for Mr. 1-vice will be promptly attended 10. Cax‘Ler‘ Corner of Youllg and Centre street. East, have constantly on hand a. good assurtment of Drugs, Paints, Perfumery, Chemicals, Oils, Toilet Soups. Medicines, Vul‘nislms, Fancy articles Div/extufils, ’zu.em, Medicines, and :11] other mutant; kept by Drugglsts gone “ally. Our 8500]; of Medicines warranted genuine, and of (he 'L qualitiex. DEALER IN DRUGS, MEDICINES, GEO-- CERIES, Wines and Liquors, Thornhill. By Royal Letters Patent, has been appointed Issuer 01' Marriage Licenses. Counties of York and 1’00]. Residence-Lot No. 20, your 013m C(mcession Markham. 1’. 0 A<klrussflliutmnville. Parties requiring Mr. Sumlm.:01’1‘s service can like arrangements at L110 Herald ullioe. NEW METHOD OF EXTRACTING TEETH without, Pain, by the use of El‘her Spray which airech the Loom only. The tooth and gum surrounding become insensible with this external ugency,when the tonm can be (extract- cd with no puilland wn‘uou’r ENDANGERING THE LIFE, as in mm use of Chlorol’orm. Dr. Robinson will be in tho foilowing pxacox pro- pm‘cd to (-xtrra‘cb teeth wuh his new :Lppm‘alns. .All Office operations in Dentistry performed in :3 workmanlike manner : "(L 11.11“; PRACTICE, A llaction. Nexfifihi‘kétf. . .'. _ . . . . . . . _ 2nd “ ‘- Richmond Hill fun and 24th “ “ ML.A1|)cr(,...,.........‘. .llth H “ Thornbill. 23rd ” “ Maple, H ,., 26th “ “ Burwick. . 25ml) “ ” Kleinbnrg . 21,111 ” ‘ Nnhlmon‘uunu... .. ..;;(Mh “ “ Nitrous Oxide Gus always on hand at, Aurora ‘Whel '0 wait qn aurora, lfittb‘th, 16th and of 0‘ EDWARD SANDERSON, ICENHED AUCTIONEER FOR THE ‘lilUblUH. To (Mom whl.‘ have favored lnm with their patronage in the past, he returns Ills siucm‘e thanks, and LG Lhose who may do so In (lu- d'utnrc. he would say than no endeavor on his part, will he wanng 19 IncoL their approval. REFERENCle ~â€"',l‘he lollowing gentlemen can with confidence recommend (1‘. li. Husband 10 all requiring Dental aid: Dr. Reid, Thornhill, Dr. Bull, Weston; Dr. D’Evlyu, Burwick; Dr ‘Ool'son, Brampton, RESKDEXCE .. . . .. .. . t nTIIORNlIILL. January 4, 18654 Luskay, March 2, 1865. Rnsnmxt‘]<:â€"’l‘hornhi1] Ju'y 22‘ l ' ‘ «'I‘bornhill,_Sept.,17 1868 June 27, 1867 FRANCIS BUTTON, JR., ICENSED AUCTIONEER VFQR THE JOHN CARTER, ICENS D AUC’l‘IpNEER/ FOR THE Richmond Hill, Jan. 2:3y JNO. D. McCONNELL, M.D., ILADUATE 01“ TURUNTU UNIVERSI RY. RICHMOND HILL DRUG STORE, ALEX. SCOTT, .UBLISHER AND PROPRIETOR 0F V01. XIV, No. 18. \V Aurora, April 25,70 OFFICEâ€"YONGE Sax, RICHMOND HILL. DR. JAS. LANGSTAFF ILL GENERALLY BE FOUND AT DOC'I‘" RS 0}“ LYIEDI lllNE. Terms: $11701‘mmumi11 advance H. SANDERbON £5 SONS, forrd .. . $3111 " he W111 he prepared and most happy to those who may rvquiro his rviuus. 11'. having had OVQI' I“ ' ' Y1: G. H. HUSBAND, L. D. 3]., ADVERTISING RATES A. ROBINSON’S, L. D. 8., TH E] fIEl‘LJXLD HENRY SMELSOR, “ THE YORK HERALD.” AUCTIONEERi. feels cdilfidcnt 01‘ giving entire suti - DR. HOSTETTER, PRUPRIET 0R5 OF THE THOMAS CARR DRUGGIS’I‘H‘ IS PUBLISHED DENTISTRY. 1‘2 PER INCH . . . . . $4 00 .. 3 50 3 00 2 50 uch month '1 )5 4 o 1 I) HEAD OFFICE : King street,(,‘orner of Church, Toronto. . V ‘ Capital - - - ’ - - $500,000 Deposited wit 11 Government - 00,000 President, ALEXANDER Mt~I{)«;uZIE,Esq.,M.P. Manager, J0 H N MA UGHAN, Jum’. ADVANTAGES OFFERED : 1st. Abxnlute security to policy holders, Il‘n the shape of a very large cash capital. v; :1} Rates as low as Itis possible for any Mm tual Company to make them. keeping in View LIE-security 9f its ‘pgiicy holders: ‘ ' The un grub , m vivg received an agency for the Townships of' Whimhumh, Kin 1‘. M ark- ham, Vaughan York and Etobicv kc, begs- leave to say that he is now actively engagvd in canvassing Lhe same; and those wishing to insure before bein called on .111 the ordinary routine of the canvass, that byaddressil‘ig'him at, Newmarket, 01'at2head oiling, nging N0. of lot and conccxsion and name of township, they can secure prompt attention. The highest market prices given for Cattle, Sheep, Lambs. 6:0. THE SUBSC R1 BER 1N RETURNING thanks 1,0 his fl ionds for the patronage he has rccolved sumo he commenced bushless us a. Butcher on Richmond Hill. begs to announce Lu them that he has disposed of his business to his son, HENRY HOPPER, who will in luture (carry on the Imsinoss. Ho also trusts that, hh customers will commune 1.0 bestow their put,» rouuge on his succes‘ 1' 2nd. 'The import-ant feature introduced by this Company of insuring NON-HAZARDOUS PROPERTY ()N ,1', being the menus of,‘1vingit,. Policy Holders V any Lmv HATE§ on detached dwellmgs and farm property. : ’ ' J Also, Corned and Spiced Beef, Smoked and Dried Hams. . Richmond Hill, Sept. 27, 1871. 688 THE ISOLATED RISK FIRE INSURANCE (Tnmmmv 0f (ianad «. 3rd. The Stock-holders, Directors and Agents being all rosidents in Canada, losses will be ad- Iusted without, delay, and paid IN CASH AT V V AVA. - \J V .LL , BUTCHER, RICHMOND HILL, HAS AL- WAYS on hand the best. of Beef, Mutmn Lamb, Veal, Pm‘kg Sausages, &c., and sells a. file lowest prices for C hm 1'oaatd‘37‘nrxin‘fillitixér 1 snding plnco in s une pans of mu United States as well as in Canada. [)OWELL’S PATENT PUMPS have all the nmrits of other pumps; With- 0111, leil' fierce“. N0 ()lem‘s possess meir p0- cullur advzmmgeous femur ' f 7 are mudmmdur gonume patcntsin Canada and the United SLule. Are no spurious 1111‘ Ramon 01' infringement. POVVELL’S PATENT PUMPS The only efliviont lire enginep11111p,:1v:1i1- able in a few seconds, winter :1 11d summer, day and night. lnt'ringers beware. L usnow 111auc,h:we no castings to come loose or break. Have all sl‘cel bearings guar- antccd. 1 erected within} the last ten years, can have recent. in] movements attached, and guaran- teed supenor to any other 1mm 0. POVVELL’S PATENT PUMPS nrn tnnrln nndm‘ mmmnn mm PO‘VELL’S PATENT PUMPS lvnvnnh'nxuhv mlnm Hm 1 i 711.5 117(an li‘i'vau mime, tho, snacnssful 1'0. $111} of twelve y ears endom’m‘w supply :1 \‘ant unlversally felt. OWELL’S PATENT PI'MPS even in their lnthuno ixnpm‘fcct form, hle in all insmnvrw curried 011' the highcsb pl'i es from all competitors. POW'ELL’S PA’l‘I.NT PUMPS are adapted for Hm (inepmt, wells. Ri‘fcr- ences to all. l)o]»thr~'1‘r01n cistermo one hun- red and thirty feet. 7 7 lufikibreén’Suatmngd liy ithe highest legal tribunals, and univor.~u11_\' approved by an onâ€" lzgluened public wherever introduced. PUVVELL’R PATIENT PUMPS ornr'fnt] \uivhin 1110 1nd 0m) \’1 I 7 1159611 conni'fiofimf 1'bputmthm, and are fact supersedng all other kinds both in WVUd and metal. POWELL’S PATENT PUMPS while Lhoy cannot be approached in wood have never yet, been equalled in metal at dou‘ ble cosL. POVVELL’S PAT cannot be rix Powell’s Patents. are liable. 0.1‘0“ A T PUMPS dllml wnh nt, infringing Mom 01‘ infringing pumps ‘LL, l’atcnlcc.N ewLonhrook. POVVELL’S PATENT PUMPS usnow made, have no cast. {)(“VELTFS I’A'l ’1‘ FUN PH rm nnxv Imrfm- I], turn Hun OW'ELL’S PATENT PUMPS have :1 continental ropumtin POVVELUS PATENT PUM PS hnvn hmm unduinm] hv Ihn BIUST‘\RI)’S PILLS A RF. THE REST 1’1 [JAR vnn mm ant, l‘nrhvsansin. Sick Headache. i" V5161] bun got I‘m‘quwopHa, Sick Headache, 131111011511 Liver, chlucy Complaints, Ate. E AVE YOU RHEUMATISM, VVOUNDSv Bruises, ()ld Son-s, Cubs, Burns, Frost Bites, Piles, Painful Swellings, While Swell- ings, and every conceivable wound upon man or beast? Stands permanently above every other Reme- dy now in u ‘ IL is invaluable. ALSO, THE PAIN VICTOR IS INFALLI- JELE for Diun'lm'u, Dvsentvry, Flux, (10110, Cholera Morblm, Pain and Ummp in Lhc Stom- ach and Bowels, (QC. Directions with each bottle and box. Manufactured by H. MUSTARD, Proprietor, Inga-r5011. Sold by Drnggists generally. THE DOMINION WORM (‘ANDY IS THE medicine tn expel \Vorms, Try it. 2 700y B ARRISTER, ATTORN EY, SOLICITOR-lN- Chancery, Convoyzmcm', Ava. OFlv‘ll‘l-2~â€"N0. 6, Royal Insurance Buildings, Toronto Street. Tnmmo, Dec. 2, 1869 51H FARMERS’ BOQT AND SHOE STORE inot and Slum-s nflule to m ensure, of the MM, In:1lo)'ials_zuul wprknumship, ah the lowest romnue‘nkmg 1m vs. TH vS.‘ ATKINSON, Agent. Newnuu'kct, Aug. 16, 1871. 7 GSZâ€"Iy JOHN BARRON, MANUFACTURER. AND \ Dunlor in 2111 kmdsof Boots and Shoes, 38 Vv L Mzll‘l{9p_Sql!:11‘u, "1‘01nyan (‘CHUNTAN’R ]3()LlKâ€"KEEAICR, (TON- YEYANCER and Commiwion Agent, for the sale 01‘ pun-hum» of Lumix, Farm Stock, 6115., Ma, also 101' the collection 01' Rants, Notes and Accounts. ROBERT HOPPER, Richmond Hill, Jan. 7, 1871. ii 652-“ RIN GWOOD MARBLE WORKS. 1) \VI DEMAN, MANUFAU’I‘URER ()14‘ ALL . Kl NDS nf Mnnumoms, Headstones, (km Call and examine my Stock and Prices before purchasing clsuwllcrc, as you le find it. to your illLCl' T 01'()n10,])e(:. 3 1m V'E'I‘ICRINARY SURGEON. GRADUATE of Toronto Veterinary College, cornm‘ 01' Yonge and Centre street East. Richmond Hill, hogs Lo announce to the public tlmL he is now practising wllll II. RAchRsuN, of the same pthO,\Vh(el’l‘ they 111:1 v be consulted personally or by 1011013011 all d‘se uses 01‘ H01“ ‘ CzlAllLlefic: WAVl‘i m (1‘ ‘ p inpil'fitton’ded t9, and modicum» sent; to any part of the Pro- VHK'C. uiistos examined as to soundness, and also bougln and sold on com mission. Rwhmond Hill Jan. 25 1872. 7 705 OFFICEâ€"Kichmond Street, Richmond Hill 6 700-13' USTARD‘R CATA R R11 SPECIFIC CURFS Acute and Chronic cases of Cnmn'h, Nom- 4 JIundm-lw, (folds, Coughs Cronp, ] in: . Bronchitis, &c., it, is also a good Hoo- l‘g Syrup. I‘D-07in {um y of (Janad « jzfi‘lsmucn 0F MARRIAGE Liv); ‘SES. Rihgwood, Svpt. 1?}, 18M. 12 PAT} N'l‘ IVIEDIUIFICS. PROCIMXIVLA'LION. I"SUB»\NCD€ P0‘V El. [1’8 I‘UNI PS. WILLIAM MALLOY, THE KING OF OILS B ’l'UllEl‘I CHARGES 1\[0mmAT1«. NOTICE. J. H. SANDERSON, D. c. O‘BRIEN, .107 "T w“ --._r_v..,, -- Wren“-.. u- WW ’0n the morning of the 11th instant, while taking observations of the solar spots, my attention was attrabted to a. small dark spot that. was rapidly passing the solar disk. This was followed by others in rapid succession, all ,moving with imiiorm rates oi speed acres: the solar photOsphere. They 8.]. ap- peared as dark spotsgfivhen on the disk oi the sun -, after leaving, as right globular masses of the apparent 'size 0 a pin-head to that of a small pea, and by‘ movfng the telescope,could ‘ be seen tvfioor three (tégrees from the body, of the sun. While some were visible on1 the {ice otthedisk‘, others came out from beh‘nd the luminous ball, like bubbles rising. from‘a glass of soda. Nearly all of these small bodiescrosscd theT sun at an inclina- tion of 15 do tees to the‘fiqnator of the sun or plane. :of 't’ e‘"ecliptic, [tidying from south- west 'to north-east in six seconds of time, thpt is, one arid-a, half seconds in passing the dark eye-glass to the edge of the sun, three in crossingihe di'sk,and the remaining the and a half seconds to the edge of the field of the telescope.” That they were near the lamb, perhaps revolving 1around it, is proven irom the tact of their-“very rapid revo- lulion,six seconds, in passing the field of view. Taking the diameter of the sun at 888,000 miles, they would have to travel at the rate 0‘ 296,000 miles a‘ second (that is it they were near the sun), an incredible, and, we may say, impossible rate of, Speed. Th-it they were globes of fire, or in"an incandes. cent state, is proveu by their being visible through the dark sun glns’s befoi‘e and atter they had passed the sun’s disc. - George Moderia, 01 Santa. Cruz, writes to the Sacramento Umon cmceming a meteoric displgfixwi‘gpessed in Stockton on the 11th, 120} and 13ch.days of September. He says : 4 The sunâ€"glass used was 311ny stained glass throughwhich a. candle flame is not visible, and when turned from": the sun, is dark as midnight, therefore they must have beenm an incandescent state to have been able to project their image through the eye- glass. The only explanationthat can be Offered is that the earth, at the: time, was passing through a meteorie“ Tbelt, and by their rapid movement was fired by their passage through the earth’s atmos- phere. The fact of their appearing as dark spots on the sun dues not prove them to be opaque bodies, as the brightest light known on the earth, the oxhydrogen flame, which has a temperature of 8,061 de- grees Centigrade, when projected on the sun and viewed with a telescope, appears as a dark spot. All attempt-s '10 measure the mete) ‘awith a micrometer scale were failâ€" ures, as meir movements were so rapid that the eye was not quick enough to read the scale during their passage across the sun, This pbomenon was seen by two or three hundred of the citizens of Stewelrton, and, I presume, by many observers in other parts of the g obe, of which we will be informed in due time. The duration of the display was from 8 at m., September 11th, to_ 10 a. m., September 13m, since which time I have been unable to detect any. It is hardly possible for a city to be pretâ€" tier than Edinburgh. The old town is hudâ€" dled and picturesque and original, With its Tol booth and Cowgate and Cauongate, the castle on its hill at one end, and liolyrood Palace, with its ruined chapel, at the other. The new town is broad and handsome, full 01 monuments and fine buildings; and the old and new towns look at one another from their opposite hills across Princess street and the broad belt of the public gardens, close at hand rise the Salisbury Crags, overâ€" looking the Frith of Forth. The suburbs are on the sea, and the braw fishâ€" wives in htriped kirlles wall; about the streets with men in kilts and plaids. Scot- tish history is full of spirit and romance, and yet one may say it was created by SirWalrer Scott. 1f We wandered round Edinburgh Castle, recalling its nocturnal surprises, and 1 glowered at the regent Murray‘s house as f we passed, and felt a thrill when We sudden- ly found ourselves standing on the “ Heart of Midlothian ” cut in the pavement, or near- ‘ ly broke our necks to see the Pass of Killie- cranhie and the church where Clavcrhouse lies, and sighed over the ruins of Linlith, ‘ gow, where James V., the unhappy father of a more unhappy daughter, dird of a broken heartâ€"to whom did we owu these vivid im- pressions and flush memories but to him, ~1irst through “ Tales of a Grandfather,” then through those immortal novels which never become lmekneyed or obsolete, and perhaps ‘ in a still higher degree to the spirit-s'irring' lays with which our childish fancy rung long before the time had come for history or romance? Bruce, Mary Stuart, and Charles Ed 'ard are alrm t the only figures which would s‘w‘l = r.‘ : l :r for themselves in our mind. Scott has given life and reality to the whole dramatls persona: of his country’s story, and made their names familiar household words, not only wherever English is spoken, but to all the nations of Eur pe, Surely, besides his lofty plum as poet, author, and kindliest human soul, he deserves the high, est pedestal of the patriot, the man to whom his country owes a great debt. of gratitude and reverenceâ€"From “ A Summer between the Four Seas,” by Mrs. Sarah J)’. ll'ister, in szpincott’s Magazine. -â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"â€"> ¢. 6 d~â€"-â€"â€"â€"-â€"-â€"- -â€"()ne ot the most successful hitsâ€"hits that hurt nobodyâ€"of the year has been that of the New York Tc‘mes in what win go to history as the “Tmzes’ Exr-ursions for Poor Children," aye, and for poor adults also. The public noble responded to the Tz'mcs’ appeal- scnding in about $20,000. The Editors vol- unteered for the charity; the clerks volun- teered, and they had volunteers from with- out. During the sweltering summer just paused, the Times people carrivd to shady groves and scasrdt‘s tens of thousands of children who for the first time saw ‘ running streams and green fields. No the can estimate the amount of good done, the ives saVcd, and the hours of happiness se- cured to young and old who have so few happy hours Not the least good done was that of softening hearts and opening purses7 and thus accustomlng people to do good. Other cities caught the infection, and doubt- less in coming years the wealthy of all our cities will Jollow the excellent example of our neighbors, and give a “fieldday” to the urchins of the streets. The Times recently gave a full accounting for the money to the last cent, and the have a nest-egg in a Trust Company of a few thousands to spare. We make our neighbors joy and thanks for the noble and timely charity, -â€"Tho great pyramid, which is 700 feet square and 500 high, and Weighs 12,700,000 tons, required, aecording to Herodotus, the labor of 100,000 men for 20 years to bulld it; but Dr. Lardner aflirms that 480 tons of coal, with an engine and hoisting machine, would have raised every stone to its position. â€"One oftho m west novels speaks of its heroine returning to her humble home, “ when waning iapproachcd, clad habilimcnts of woe.” â€"The noblest talents rust indolence ; and the most moderate, by industry may be ag- gonishingly improved. The Attractions oi' METEORIG’DEPMY BY DAYLIGHT Afironmnicnl Phenomenon. RICHMOND HILL, ONTARIO, CANADAfiFRIqAY, Edinburgh. in the gines of 40 horse-powerf one puinp'lpg en. gine of 20 horse power, and Illsfiaafler en- gines ol from 3 to 8 horseâ€"powe'gféfi‘ various purposes. The crushing machingflggoflgjat“ 0‘ mills, with three 9â€"ton rollers (Mmfifihich are fed with cane by a pair of en¢106§§3hain mills, with three 9â€"torf rollers efihfifihich are fed with cane by a pair of endlefidé’ithain conductors, 150 feet long, running from out- side the building; between these,~;.which are parallel, a narrow gauge railway passes. by which the cane is brought fromfthe field. The refining apparatus comprises‘féhree evaâ€" porating pans, 8 feet in diameter ahd 11 feet deep -, two straightpans of the same dimen- sions, all of copper; twelve copp~r defeca- tors, holding 400 gallons each ; two clari- tiers, three blowâ€"ups, eight centrilugals, and six Bogardus mills for pulverizing the sugar after it leaves the centrifugals. in this es- tablishment it is intended to manufacture both raw sugar for export sole. y7 and refined for home consumption. . Senor Santiago P. Cahill, who has lately been stoppin r in this city, on his regurn from England to Lima, Peru, gives a vei'y‘encour- aging account of the progress of 133‘: young republic. 1n the building 01 railr ‘ and the introd action of improved machinery for de- veloping the natural resources of the country, in which he is most directly interested, Senor Cahill reports great activity ; and the object of his visit to England and this country was to procure machinery of the most" approved pattern for the construction of an immense nigar refinery on one of the largest estates in Northern Peru, and a somewhat» smaller me {or another estate, limb of which were designed by . him. “ Perhaps no better illustration of this spirit 0’ enterâ€" prise can be given thamfirbricf dvfinription oi the larger one, the plans and esf'nmtes for which were kindly shqwn to & ref :tc‘r of the Tribune, who visited swér Cahill at his ho. tel. i‘ ._ , f The Develupment 0‘ Peru. INTERVIEW WITH SENOR SANTIAGO P. CAHILL Owing to the great scarcity of fuel. as well as the high price of labor, the machinery has been constructed and arranged in a manner to economize in these matters a much as possible. The boiler.iurnaces are of the Relluex pattern, and will consume the bagass or cru~hed cane, of which the mills supply more than is required for fuel. The exhaust steam from the engines will be used in 111t- evaporating pans, one after another, and will serve to boil the juice in its various stages. Every modern convenience that can be thought of has been purchased lor this estab» lishment. Electric bells and speaking tubes will connect every pint of the building, which will be lighted by gas 'made on the premises, the first attempt ol the kind on any country ,estate; a large illuminated clock, with four faces, will adorn a tower rising at the front of the building to the height of 00 feet, and will toll the hours on a bell weighing 700 pounds. Various other things of like character have also been pro- vided. The plantation on which this refi- nery is to be built produces annually about 3,000 acres‘ofsugar cane, which, it is estima- ted, will keep the machinery running 120‘ its lull capacity of about 30 tons of refined, or double the quantity of raw, sugar per day of 10 hours. In building railroads Senor Calrill repreâ€" sents that considerable enterprise is exhibit. ed. There had been, when he left Peru, about a year ago, over four hundred miles completed ; and various other roads, aggrega ting 500 miles, were projected and under com I struction. Those lilies now finished have already been of great benefit both commer- cially and politically, in opening mines ofsil- ver, soda, tact, and in establishing communiâ€" cation between ditierent parts of the country , and some of those new building will give easy access to the richest silver and copper, and the only coal mines in the country. Now, all the coal used is brought trom Eng- land. The value ol these railroads to the country may be shown by the laet that the two lines which Senor Cahill built to the nitrate of soda mines now bring that com- modity down to the coast at 50 cents per 100 weight, while formerly it cost from $1 to $125 carried on donkeys and mules. As upward of 4,000,000 cwt; is exported annual- ly, the sum saved it considerable; and the railroads are claimed to be about as profitable as any in the world. 0t the natural ‘ products of Peru Senor Calrill considers , sugar and nitrate of soda among ‘ the most important commercially, and the increased export of the latter, he thinks,will more than compensate for the loss of guano when the supply of that shall be exhausted. It is'refined at the mines by much the same process as sugar goes through, and is then transported to the seaboard all ready for transportation. The mines are very extenâ€" sive, and are apparently very inexhaustible. Cotton, equal to the best sea island, and rice are also raised to .sorne extent, but are not very profitable. Silver and copper are mined largely, though some of the most important mines have yet to be reached by railroads, which will aid materially in working them. Manufactures have never seemed to flourish in l’eru, owing to the high price of labor and } materials. ‘ This Is an enquiry which every one should have truthfully answered before he starts on his journey, and a little care taken in exam. amination of Routes will in many cases save much trouble, time and money. The “0., B. 82 Q. R. R,” running from Chicago through Galesburg to burlmgton has achieved a splendid reputation in the last two years as the leading Passenger Route to the West. At Burlington it con~ nects with the great Burlington Route which runs direct through Southern Iowa to No brasl‘xa and Kansas with clo>e connections to California. and the Territories; and passengers starting from Ianada, on their way westward. cannot do better than to take the C. B. & Q. and Burlington Route. This Line has published a pamphlet called “How to go West,” which contains much valuable information; a large correct map ot the Great West, which can be obtained free of charge by addressing the General Passenger Agent B. & M. R. 11., Burlington Iowa. Mr. James I. Fellows, Sinâ€"111 the pmumce of Medicine 1 have re- cnmmvmlcd your Compound Syrup 01' Hypo- phosphibcs, mm have found iuvux'iuoly the 1'01- lowing restms :_ drvaber freedom to the action of the Lungs, incmased and more easy cxpccturatiou in cases jndu-utcd by dry cough,aud :(widcduugmenm- tion 01'L0ne>1,0 the whole nervous syswm. 1 can safely and consisteuuy ruccnmpnn ymu invaluable preparation in a vuucty of cause» , especially for chesLdinem shaving successfqu pl‘cHt‘l‘iUediL in Bronchms, Asthma, Debilit, from Liver Complaint, from Fevers, and D b11in from impoverisle ulwod. 1 am, sir, yours truly, J AMES SALMON, acbiisng Physlslun and Surgeon.” Lctter h‘om the ev.J. Salmon, M. CHIPMAN, Queen's County, N.B how To GO WEST. , 'I‘fie-ygollowfngd appg'firs in the financial artiélé of the Mofi‘xéal Gazette of Tuesday last: The American papers are again discussin the position of the Vermont Central Railwav l‘he Springfield Republican tells us thatlthv “railroad is in a serious financial trouble,un(; its great combination is in danger of falling to pieces through inability to meet its money engagements. We understand that it lost, 'ast year, on the Ogdensburg line $175,000, and on the Rutland line $360,000 ; while the earnings of its own mainline (184 miles; us not sufficient to pay the interest on its $11,200,000 of bonds and guaranteed stock. It is reported that its balance sheet is behind nearly $2,000,000, which is represented by a floating debt ; and that it is proposed tc meet this by a iurther issue of mortgage bonds to that amount, but that there is best. tation on the part of its frlends and Boston capitalists, who are interest (1 in its affair, to indorse this scheme, on the obvious ground that it furnishes no permanent relief from the difficultyâ€"that the business of the line and its leases is plainly unequal to the meetng of their obligations, and that it is better tr confront at once the necessity of a more radical solution 01 the difficulty. Then have been meetings of the leading parties in interest at Boston, this week, to consider tht whole matter, but we do not learn that any satisfactory conclusion has been reached, arm the danger of an early suspension of payment is imminent.” The Boston Traveler enters into fuller par- ticulars. It charges that “the road has been run principally for private and not fot the public good, and that a favored few have ac- quired Weaith, while the stockholders have grown poor.” And as an illustration of this, the following statement is made in relation to the National Dispatch Compal y, which the importers of the local traffic _brought into being some time ago, and which, undei proper admfnistration, mu~t have been a de- Cided advantage to the rompany. This,how. ever, is the statement 01 the Traveler in rela- tion to this matter: “The National Despatch Company is said to be controlled bv the ofliceis of the Ver- mont Central Railroad, and composed, there- fore, both the party of the first and the party of the second part in making the contract? The specified rate to be paid by the railway people to the freight company has averaged about one and one-half cents per mile, but i this instance the officers of the Vermont Central Railroad voted themselves two and one-half cents per mile, one cent per mile more than would have been demanded by freight companies controlled b_\ parties out side. Again, not satisfied with this move- ment, it is stated that they reduced the rate of transportation so much that the road was unable to make a profit on its freighting business, although the freight company 1211'ngâ€" ly increased its stock of cars, and are com fortubly getting along with the steady drain which was being made on the treasury What was the loss of the road was the gain of the company. It mattered little to thl freight company whether the Vermont Cen- tral Railroad Company made money on its freight or not, so ong as they were protect- ed with their two and oneâ€"half (since reduced to two) cents per mile. Hence that move- ment has been a drawback to the success of the road.” “ The Traveller is of opinion that the Cor- “ poratlon will either go into bankruptcy, or “ under difl'erent management, cancel some “ of its leases and resume business with a fair “fiprospect of success.” - -â€"â€"St. Louis has steel trops for mosquitoes, baited w1th steak. â€"â€" New York girls call theirfathers payâ€" pas. â€"A correspondent wants to know thebest way to dry ice before packng it. Spread it in the sun. â€"-The Emperor William of Germany has recently bought a two-page letter of George Washington for two hundred dollars. â€"- A man with three breastpins but no stockings, enlisted the sympathies 0f the Aberdeen people in Scotland recently. â€"â€"Power ofthought is the only true mea- sure of the intellect, as force of principle is the only true measure of moral greatness __The Cracow Czar says that the voyage of the Grand Duke Alexis has thus far cost his {anhcr the handsome sum of half a. million of dollars. â€"Gene1'a1 McClellan is at San Francisco, there he has had an ovation. â€"Bismarck 1s said to be in favor of emtabâ€" lishing a penal colony, whither criminals may be transported, on this side of the Atlantic. â€"Some unscientific thief recently robbfd a journalist of his valisu in aBalLimore trhin. He secured about two dollars’ worth 01 writ ing paper. » A Japanese scholar in one of the Now Haven schools, having been insulted by a schoolmate, recently, sunt a. note to one of the instructors, requesting permission to kill the oil‘dndcr. â€"â€"A strike is announced at Limoges, France, Where the china ware for this 0mm- try is made. The advance asked is twenty per cene. K ingcnbcrg and Leonarl, of Barâ€" clay street, have a manufactory at Limoges. Save the crocker ! -â€"Moncure D. Conway is charmed with the pre: ching he hears from the village pul- pit in France. He urges American students of theology to “devote half their time abroad in iistcning to the French Catholic preachers, and studying the most eifcctive pulpit style in the worid.” â€" Newark has a noble charity in St‘ Michael’s Hospital. It is the ruslllt of the Rev. Geo. H. Doane’s labors. The pnorgvith- out regard to creed, color or nationality, are cared for at this hospital. Recently Father Doane invited subscriptions to pay off a floating debt of about $11,000, and we hope that-the debt will be floated ofl'. -â€"“Sampie” of Journalism â€"The Chicago Tribune derisively asksâ€"“Does Grant drink?” Answerâ€"“Not when Horace White is around. He doesn’t get a chance.” The reader may be told that Horace White is the editor of the Chicago Tribune, and that the answer is given by the N. Y. Commercial Advertiser. â€"A St. Louis man, for snatching a sweet kiss from a sweet St. Louis school girl the other day, was fined by a magistm:e, flogged by the girl’s big brother, and considerably turn as to the scalp by his own Wife. Yet the wretched, reckless fellow vehemently declares that he would do it again, even at as greata price. â€"â€"Antique furniture is now the rage â€"Herc is an interesting piece of evidence on the question whether horses have the power oi reasoning. An intelligent animal of this species at Jamesvillc, Wisconsin7 hob- bled to a blacksmith shop on three feet the other day, and presented his disabled hoot to the proprietor with an appealing look. The blacksmith exiracted therefrom a rusty nail, and the horse departed perfectly satisfied. We wish every man had as much reason as a first-class horse. Vernffiiltg mmm‘l Railway. GLEA KINGS. 187 DETROIT, Sept. 29 â€"The most furious gale of the season set in last night, and still con- tinues with unabated force irom the vest and south-West. Being unlocked for, its eifects on shipping will undoubtedly be disastrous. Four vessels are reported ashore and sunk near the head of Lake Erie. Thezonly name ascertained is that of the bark Annie Vought, which had the spurs of another vessel lying across her decks. There had probably been a collision. The Annie Vought had a signal of distress flying, but nothing could reach her. Another vessel is near by with her crew in the rigging. The U. S. steamer Michigan and a nurr ber of tugs are at the mouth ofthe river ready to go out as soon as the weather permits. Two large lumber rafts are ashore below Point Aux, Lake Huron. The propeller Galena is ashore on Thunder Bay Island. \VAsmxaTON, Sept. 28.-â€"The Presidenc rc- ccivul a large number of callers 'toâ€"day, in- cludin all the cabinet representatives in Washington, Judg'a Settle, of North Carolina, and Sl-vural other gentlemen. PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 28.-â€"â€"-Last evening City Treasurer Marrer and Charles F. YCI'kLS, the broker, who were sentenced to the eastern penitentiary last winter for embezzling the city funds, WI re releasul upon a, pardon by the Governor. The pardon was brough from Harrisburg by Col Lee, private secreâ€" tiry 0f the Governor, and H. Be Cher Swope. A number of the friends of the prisoners were at the penitentiary when the pardon arrived. SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 28.â€"-The State Fair at Sacramch 0 closed with a race between “Goldsmith Maid” and “Lucy,”milv-heais, best 3 in 5, for $10,000. “Goldsmith Maid" won in three straight heats. Time: 2:20, 2:17}, 2:23;. To the pardon there is a condition which states that if there is any money paid for services in connection with their receiving of pardons, than they are to be nu land voia. SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 28 â€"The trial of Mrs. Laura Fair, for the murder of Col. Crit- tunden was concluded yesterday. An im- mense crowd assembled in and about the court room to hear the closing argument for the defense by N. Greene Curtis. At the conclusion of hi< argument the jury ro- ceived a charge from Judge Heardon and re- tire-d at 4 45 p. m. Thu Engineers of the North Pacific Rail- road have examined the curious mounds on the prairie between Monticeliogand Olympia, in Washington Territory, and have found them to contain pottery and relics of an un. known race. HARTFORD, Sept. 28.â€"A fire in the paperâ€" box room of Meriden Brimnnia 003$ works to-day was quickly cxtmguished, but not until damage had been done to the extent of $50,000. LONDON, Sept. 28.â€"-The Government au- thorities have detained a steamship which was to have sailed today with a number of emigrants for Canada, Lecause it was now too late in the season for their departure. LONDON, Sept. 29 â€"'The Observer says it is reported that Sir Roundell Palmer has ac- cepted the Lord Chancellorship in place of Lord Hathmloy, who resigns. Sir Sidney Waterlow has been élec ted Lord Mayor of London. A correspondent of the London Daily News describes the workings of the New Yolk Bu- reau 0t Emigration, and bestows much pxaise on its system and management. The r port that at a late meeting in May- nooth, Archbishop Cullen opposed Home Rule, while a majority of 11m Bishops preâ€" sent voted in favor of it, is said to be with- out foundation. PARIS, Sept. 28.â€"A telegram from l’erpig- nan says that the Curlist Sebcldo, with Si? hundred men, is besicging Perycerda, a forâ€" tified frontier town of Spain, in the Province of Gerona. A later dispatch from Perpignan says that the Carlist forces before Pcryccrda summoned the commander to surrender, but he refused, and thev shortly afterwards withdrew from before the town. New YORK, Sept. 25).-â€"-â€"Paris files report that the departure of Jesuits from Stras- bourg, in accordance with the German order of expulsion, was attended with a popular ovation performed by a numerous crowd of Alsatmns. After their departure their esâ€" tablishmentat ’l‘urdenyall was richly decorâ€" ated with flowers and wreaths, and a maniâ€" festo was posted against the door recording the sorrow the Citizens felt at the loss of their Jesuit brethren. ROME, Sept. 28.â€"-â€"The negotiations between the Huly See and the Government of Russia are proceeding satisfactorily. The question of the establiahmcnt 01' a Nuncimurc at St. Petersburg has not yet been decided. General Garibaldi in his letter to the Presâ€" ident oi the International Peace Congress, Switzerland, alludes to the settlement of the Alabama claims controversy between Eng- land and the United States, by fhe peaceful means of the Geneva tribunal, and heartily approves of this sublime idea of solving in- ternational disputes. OTTAWA, Sept. 28 â€"The stafi'of the North- west boundary survey is now fully organized. Capt Cameron, R. A., the British Commis- sioner, has supervision of the survey. The British portion of the staff comprises ChieI Astronomer Captain Anderson, and assistant Astronom rs Lieutenants Fertherstonhaugh and Galway ; Secretary, Lieut. Ward, and an eseort party of forty-four non-commisâ€" szoliud officers and men, also of the Royal Engineers. The following is a. list of appoinments furnished by Canada to the staff of the Commission : T. I“. W. Bur- gess, surgeon; Lawrence Herehmer, oom- missary Officer; A. G. Forrest and A. L. Rus- sel, surveyors; Mr. Geo. Boswell, veterinary surgeon , \iCO. l“. Durpee, Mr F. King, Wm. Ashe and George C. Costen, sub-assistant astronomers. Wm. C Fish and Lieut. Car- roll, computers; G. M Kingston, surveyors’ assistant; J. W. Bastow, superintendent of laborers; Chas L Chapman, F. .13. Allan, F. A, Folger, G. '1‘. Hoekmer, J. '1‘. Kerr, J. '1‘0n.kins, Henry Newlore, F. B. l‘raeey, and P. Doyle, clerks and assistants. Capt Cam- eron is now at Pembina, his headquarters. Mr. 1 Forrest is now surveying the west shore of the Lake of the Woods. Mr. Russell is ex- amining the country between the Lake of the Woods and Pembina, with a. view to winter operations. The astronomers are now engaged in determining the longitude of Pembina, and at the request of the British Commissioner the surveys of Lindsay Rus- sell in Manitoba have been made uvai‘able as assistance to the astronomers. Steps are being taken to obtain the services of a thor- oughly competent geologist and botanist. The survey will probably lust for a couple of years at least. The Commissioners report directly to the British Government. UN 1TED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN. GERMANY. SPAIN. OTTAWA ITALY. COLLINGWOOD, Sept. 28lâ€"The contingonls from the sevvral milit'uy districts for the erthwcst expedition commv‘nced to urrivc here on Tuesday afternoon. Each succeeding train brought it quota. up to last Thursday at noon, at which time the last detachment from Quebec arrived. Lieut-Col. Wiley was here in advance, with camp equipage, and on the arrival oi the first troops, at camp was at once formed, rations issued, and the ordinary routine of camp life proceeded with. On Wednesday morning the issue of uniforms, underelothing and necessaries1 arms, accou- trements, knapsacks, blankets and other ap- pointments was proceeded with. As both officers and men worked with a will, by Thursday evening all were ready for en barkation. The olficers present Were Lieut.-Col. Jackson, of Brockvillo, com- manding, Lieut.-Cols. Moifat, Villiers, Fletcher and Lamontagne, and Major Phil- lips. The 1ntter,acting as camp quarter- master, received and issued the whole of the stores. which work seemxd very onerous. At halfâ€"past three on Friday the order came trom Ottawa to soil by the Frances Smith for Thunder Bay, from whence the exptdi- tion will proceed to Fort Garry via the Daw- son route. They expect to meet the troops returning at Shebandowan, when Lieut- Cols. Villiers and Lamontagne, who accom: puny the expedition, will return. One hour only was consumed in striking and packing tents and other stores. The troops fell in marching order and left camp so as to march on the vessel at five o’clock,where Lieut.-Col. Jackson handed over the (30111- mand to Licut.--Col. Osborne Smith. The ofiieers connected with the force who accom- pany him are Licut. Harman, Ensigns Allen, Tnillefeu and Street, and Lieut. Tasehereau, in command of twenty-five artillerymen, With two mounted seven pounder guns. The whole force numbered about two hundred and twenty-five. Mr. Rufus Stephenson, M.P., and the Hon. J. O Buaubieu, Commissioner of Crown Lagds, qubgu, arrived today. Mons. Riviera De La Mare, Chief D'Etnt; Major and Mons. de Surville, son and SCCIC- fury of Admiral Count Dc Survillcy are at: the Russell House. There is nothing of special interest in t0- day’s Gazetln. Terms ; One [Dollar Epcr EAmzum Az’n [Admnm The weekly statcmvnt of the Auditor-Genâ€" eral shows that there are. now in circulation Dominion and Provincial nutes to the amount (wf$10,420,703,56, while the specie held 15 $2,261,410.08. The Canada Sewing Machine Company of Hamilton,and the McKinnon Manufactur- ing Company of Alton, give notion that they will apply for letters patent of incorporation under the .J oint Stock Company’s Act of 1869. The railway traffic returns for August give the following information : Pass ugers, $542,895; Mails and Sundxivs, $38,644; Freights, $753,726, being an in- crease over the same period last year of $594; 459, The Colton timber limits, situated on Black and Coulonge rivers, are advertised to be sold by public auction 011 the 10th of October. A large and important meeting took place at the City Hall last night for the purpose of securing the establishment here of a branch of the Normal School of Ontario. Mr. James Lewis, M. P., occupied the chair, and there were present several other members of Par- list vent, and prominent friends of education from the city and district. Resolutions in accordance with the objects of the mootng were passed, and a committee was appointed to prepare a memorial to tho Ontar o Govern- ment praying for the desired institution. Dennehy, who has been before the Coumy J udge for some days, for tne murder of Favor, in Providence, has been handed over to the American authoritius for trial in the United States. The Privy Council are holding prolonged Sussions every day. The papers here continue calling upon Mr, McKcllar to give some explanation with respect to his connection with the Elgin Association. The lumbermon will limit their operations in the forest during tne forthcoming semon. partmont decided to-day that wool prodacod east. of the Cape of Good Hope and imported. from places west thereof, will, if mmaining in bonded warehouses, duty paid, until October lst, be entitled to refund of the disâ€" criminating duty of 10 per cent. PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 28,â€"This afternoon :1, match game of base hull was played bctwcen [he Athlutic and Baltimore clubs. At the end of the 9th innings the game was a tie, each having made 7 runs. It was then de- aided to consider the game a drawn one, and to play another championship game in its sxead on Monday. The trial of Michael Trumbull, for the murder of his cellâ€"mate, Wm. H. Webb, in the eastern penitentiary, on May lst last, was concluded to-day. The jury this even- il 9.; I‘UIIdCU‘d a verdict of murder in the first degree. The plea of the defense was in- sanity. About 07800 cubic mil/s of waterâ€"nearly half the fresh water on i e globeâ€"ea“; in the upper lakes, and 18,000 cubic feet of this plunge ever Niagara Falls every minute, all the water of the lakes making the circuit 01 the Falls, the St, Lawrence, the oceany vapor. rain, and lakes again, in 152 years. Througn the lllinoisUunal 8,000,000 cubic feet of water are taken every minute from Lake Michigan to the Illinois River; through the Welland Canal 14,000 cubic fcctilow every minute; from Lake Erie into Lake Ontarlo, and through the Erie Canal 30)000 cubic feet pass every minute from the same lake into the lludson. Thus, 52,000 cubic feet of water which nature would give to Niagara, are diverted cVery minuh: by artificial channels, some into the Mexican Gult'and some into the bay of New York. Add this to 18,000,000, it is as a drop in the bucket, and would make no appreciable (lil- fercnce in the character of the F ills or their rate oi recession. Was there ever a time when the Niagara was appreciably a greater river than now 7 We assume, then7 from all the monuments thevrivel' has lelt ol Its own history that the present rate of recession would he a fair measure of the past, except at the Whirlpool and Ferry Landing. Six inithes a year, 111 figured on the channel would place the Falls at Lewiston 71,000 years ago. \Ve have no means 01 knowing how long the qum'tzose sand-stone, which forms the lowest part of the haul; at the Whirlpool, would have arrested the cataract. This atratam is 25 feet thick, and, as its southward dip is twenty feet a mile, and the slope of the river-channel fifteen feet a mile, the Falls, would have to out each through this rock more than half a mile. The halt may have been many thousand years. Add another period for the halt at the landing, and the age of the Channel from Lewiston to the Horseshoe may not. fall be. low 200,000 years. Uuqnebtionxrbly the channel has been excavated since the close of the glacial epoch. whfeh science has well nigh demonstrated oeemred about 200,000 years ago. But the channel is only the last rehapte: in the history of Niagaraâ€"I’qlulal l Science Monthly. “THE YORK HERALD,” ‘UBLISHED AT THE OFFICE 0N Issued Weekly on Friday Morning YONGE Sun, RICHMOND HILL ALEX. SCOTTHPROPRIETOIL COLLINGWUOD WHOLE N0, 741. 2‘“ Ingram.