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the enemy‘s-slva Elli *fl‘t‘EIiJAileu ' 'ns 7‘ u \hey will find thlt it pmvn'. w. than the standard of con- struuuun marl equipment of the (Jenn- (lien Pueiflo Rnllvuy should be the Union Pacific Beile, Ind therefore we have gone as hr us any member of this House or any hit-minded mum will soy we ought to go with refineries to the “undead. But what is this standard? Why there ere hnli-e-dosen leading roads in the United Bhtes today, of which the stunde is more objectionable in gradefi and curves than that of the Union Pacino Railway. Therefore, I think there is not much ground for oevil in that matter. When the Union 1's- ciflo'f‘jBnilway was built, the Gov- ernment, who gave 3 much greater amount of aid to it than we are giVin to this road, agreed this the standard 0 the Baltimore an Ohio Railway should be ut in the contract“ as the standard of the nion Pacific, and the Baltimore 8; Ohio Railway, as everyone knows, is a road that is doing an enormous traffic and is regarded as It first- oluss road. The Portland & Ogdensburg Railway, and half e dozen other American lines have also a standard that cannot com- pare with the standard we have selected. I need not detain the House, therefore, by try- ingto show that it would have been utterly unreasonable for the Government of Gun- ede to exact from these gentlemen, who ‘were agreeing to construct this road at so much less terms than were agreed to in the Allen contract, a higher standard than we have done. But we have u better guarantee than could have been inserted in the contract of the hiin standard of the road, and that is that these gentlemen are not constructing the road for the Govern- ment of Canada to work, but they are con- structing it as their own property, and when ibis construgted they have to furnish the means of maintaining and operating the reed, and every disadvantage of a ioor con- struction would fell upon them on not upon us, And, sir, what would have been my position in demanding excessive termsin re- lation to the standard of the road when they had in their hands my own statement, the statement of the Goverriment of Canada, with all the resources of this country at our back, that we were compelled to lower the character of the road in order to construct a cheap line of railway, and that the lowest estimate we could make of the cost of such a work was $80,000,000, or an excess of the whole amount they were obtaining both in mnueyand lend, computing the land at a dollar-anacre? I think, therefore, sir, I need not detain the House by dealing with the: question of the standard of the road. 5'11)“ hhé ' THE MODE 0’ SUBSIDY PAYMENT‘ Hurfsir, will I detain the House very long upon the other point that has been mixed, and that is the mode in which the money is being divided. I have shown the cost of the Pemblna bmnuh at the lowest rate at whith we can now put it, without all those buildings necessary and which these gentle- men will have to construct at their own cost. 1111011: gentlemen have paid any attention to iElie d'Eaplomble' description that the First Minister gave us a year ago as to the diffiâ€" cultieslthey would have to surmount be- Ween Red River and the foot 01 the Rocky Mou 1‘ ins, I think they will come to the onciu‘sion'that the amount is not extrava- aLt. I call the attention of the House to the fact. The Government want that road pushed through Red River to the foot of the Becky Mountains as fast as can be done. I have the authority or the leading gentlemen con- nected with the syndicate to state in public that they intend the road to be complete at the foot of the Rocky Mountains at the end of three years from the present time. If it be thought a gigantic work to build 300 miles of railway by this lowerful syndicate in a. year, I may tellfion. géntlemon for their information that within the last your a few fl thfie gentlemen accomplished between d! thfie ‘entlenen accomplished between 0 am} 0 miies of railway themselves through a somewhat similar country, and therefore it is not an extravagant statement for them to make in stating that they intend to construct the road to the foot oi the Becky Mountains in three years, and to build 300 miles of this road during the oom- ing season. What does that involve ‘I It involves the expenditure of an enormous amount of capital at the outset. The very moment the contract is ratified by Parliament these gentlemen have got to put their hands in their pockets, and not only take therefrom a million dollars to deposit with us as security, but they had to put- their hands into another pocket the next hour and take out another million to equip the road that is in operation and that will be in operation within the course of the year. After reading the lechryxnose statements of the hon, leader of the late Government about these lands, and the difficulty of get~ ting them sold, it is not unreasonable to suppose that with all their energy and in- dustry it will take two or three years before they can make these lands, to any large exâ€" tent, serviceable bysa return of money from their sale. These gentlemen have, there- fore, at the outset, to lay out an enormous sum of money for equipâ€" ment, and in providing the plant necessary to run that work during the coming three years, and they have in the next place to wait for a considerable pe- riod before they can receive returns tor lands. At the end of the three years all that plant will of course be applicable to the other sec- tions. I believe, therefore, the more it is ex- amined, the more it will be found that in the division of money no injustice has been done, and those who place confidence, not in us but in the statement of the leader of the late Government, have only to take his state- ments, which I have read to-night, and that was his estimate of $20,000 per mile for the portion to be constructed west of Red River, to perceive the advantage of the present pro- posed arrangement. There is another million they have to put their hands into their pock- ets to pay us, and that is for the work we have constructed West of Red River and the mate- rial we have on hand ap licable for the pur- poses of construction. nder these circum- stances hon. gentlemen’s minds will be re- lieved to know that we have needs the’very; best division of the money. If the enter- prise is to prove anylhing but a failure. there is a great expenditure of money to he made . at the very outset, in bringing people to this ‘ Country. ' l I regard this proposal to secure the construction of the Canada. Pacific Rail- way by the agency ofthe company as of most vital importance from the point of view that, instead of having to struggle with railway companies in competition for immigrants, we will have a gigantic railway company with all its ramifications in the United States, France, Germany and the British Islands, co-operating ' with the Government of Canada. But all that will involve a present outlay of a Very large sum of money by these gentlemen. The only ho ‘ they can have \of having any means 0 sustaining the railway if it is con- structedfls by getting a population as rapidly: as possible in the fertile valleys of the north- west, and thus furnish the Me which alone can support the operation of this railway. I am told that another very objectionable fen.- turb is the exemption of the lands from taxa- tion. I have no hesitation in saying I would have been véy glad if that was not in the contract, if it were only to meet the strong prejudice that exists in this country) op that question. 1 should have been glad’ it were not in the contract; but there were A GREAT IMMIGRATION AGENCY. is W" « " ‘twol‘tillngs we had to consider :-one was to make the boot bargain we could for Canada, and the other was not to impose terms that, Without being of any material advantage to the country, would be likely to lead to disaster in the money markets or the world when the reject was placed on those markets. veryone will understand that the position "in nospeot to the taxation is not changed in the slightest degree from that in which we stood last year. When we were construct- ing this road as a Government work, when my hon. friend was constructing it by direct government agency, no taxation could have been leived on these lands until they were utilied, until they were occupied. No prov- ince, municipality or corporation of any kind ,at present, or that could be created hereafter, could impose the slightest tax on these lands until they were sold or occupied, and when they are sold or occupied now, that moment they are liable to taxation. I will not stop to discuss the question of the road itself being exempt from taxation, De- cnuse hon. gentlemen have only to turn to the laws of the United States, on the construcâ€" tion of those great lines of railway any where, to find that the policy of the Gov. ernmeut of the United States has always been that those lines of railway, the road- way, the road itself, the stations, every thing embraced in the term railway, was exempt from taxation. One of the judges of the courts of the United States declared that as these great lines ofroad were national works, were public easements, that as they were for the benefit and advancement of the whole country, they should not be subject to any taxation, state or municipal. We have, therefore, only followed the practice that has prevailed in the United States and that which hon. gentlemen opposite will feel was incumbent upon us. What was our position ? We were asking these gentle- men to come forward and take a position from which we shrank. I do not hesitate to say that, great and important as tho enter- prise was, the Government felt it was one of enormous magnitude, and trembled almost when they regarded the great cost of con- struction and the cost of maintenance and operation of the road, when constructed, and I ask, when we were shifting from our shoul- ders to the shoulders of a private company all the responsibility, I ask this House in candor to tell me whether they do not think that, as far as we could, we ought to have put these gentlemen in as favorable a posi- tion for the construction of the road as we occupied ourselves? That is all we have done, and as I have said before, the moment the lands are utilised they become liable to taxation. I have been told that the landl of the Canada Company being free from taxation, it was found they were attended with a good deal that was objectionable. It is impossible to sustain the road without bringing a population into the country as rapidly as possible. It is said this is a gigantic monopoly. You not only free the lands from taxation until occupied, but you create a monopoly. If we have one strong point in our, case it is this: that under the terms of the Allan contract of 1873, 54,000,000 acres of land were locked up, if you call it looked up, by being placed in the hands of a com- pany. Under this contract 25,000,000 acres of land only are to be reserved. Under the Allan contract of 1873 and the terms of the Canada Pacific Railway Act of 1874 these parties were entitled to have their land in large blocks of 20 miles square; under this contract the Government have possession of every alternate mile over the whole sec- tion and along the whole line of road. Can there be any monopoly 7 Why, under the terms of the late Government’s Act, the Government was bound, as the Government of the United States was bound in relation tothe Northern Pacific Railway to abstain tram selling an acre under $2.50 3 under this contract, however, we are free to give away every acre that remains in our possession should the public interest warrant it. No policy did the hon. gentlemen opposite press mere strongly upon us than that of not selling the land below $2.50 an acre. But we say, we should be only too glad to plant a free et- tler upon every acre belonging to the Gov- ernmont. We hold on the monopoly point that instead of 54,000,000 acres being locked up in blocks 0! so miles on each side of the road, instead of our being bound to sell at no less than $2.50 an acre, we can open up to free settlement the 29,000,000 acres the Government retains to utilise in the interest of the country, over and above the amount ‘ given the syndicate, or can sell at prices be- } low the minimum and by the terms of1874. What about the terms of a year ago ’I Read the resolution Parliament passed hero for the appropriation of 100,000,000 acres, and you will see how absolutely Parliament placed them at the disposal of the Govern- ment for use in any way possible, to secure i the construction of the Canada Pacific Rail- way. Instead of having handed over to a monopoly, as it my be called, those 100,- 000,000 acres, we hold 75,000,000 acres in hand, to be used for promoting the interests of Canada by free settlement, and by sales to return to us the money required to be paid under the contract to the Byndi. cute, $25,000,000. As I said before, the ques- tion of freedom from taxation of the lands is not new. In 1370 an Act was passed in the United States for the relief of the Interna- tional Railway Compan , now consolidated under the name of the nternational & Great Northern Railway Company, which provides, similarly to what has been enacted as regards other railroad companies in various States of the Union, that the lands of the company shall be free from taxation. The United States Government has given great land grants to railways under what is called the head grant system, and in one case a Company was authorized to selectin any part of the public lands of Texasâ€"that magnifi- cent country that has excited the admiration : of hon. gentlemen oppositeâ€"the most beauti- , ful and fertile areas without any hindrance ! or any responsibility whatever. The Com- , pony received “twenty sections of 640 acres , each of the unappropriated lands of the { State for each mile of railroad which has gheen or may hereafter be constructed pur- i suant of the Act of 1870, by the i said Company; its successors and as- : signs to have the right to locate the said lands as head rights and without the necessity of alternating the sections,â€" the said lands and certificates to be released from all county, state, municipal ! and other taxes fora period of 25 years.” The moment our lands, however, are sold they I become liable to taxation; under the United ! States law they remain free for 25 years after j: coming into the hands of private purchasers. ; There is nothing of the kind here. The mo~ ,' ment our lands are utilizud or sold,â€"â€"and the ; Company cannot, afford to keep them from Esettlementpâ€"it will avid more to the value of Sir CHAS. Tummyâ€"I suppose it is because they were free from taxation. Well, we have taken care they shall not own them in blocks. We have met the difficulty and cover. ed it, but as I said before, these gentlemen must sell their lands. Hon. MrfMAouszâ€"Thq were not free from taxation. Hon. Mr. Bunâ€"They wore only ordinary large land holders. Sir CHAS. TUPPERâ€"Oh, it was owned in page blocks; then the case is not halfu Hon. Mr. BLAKE-N0, this is much worse. Tu LAND POLICY. mitted tor the e provel of the Governor- Genersl in Oounoi . I do not hesitate to say that this Company will be much better able to locate the road then the Gov- ernment. They have s. more vital, personal, direct interest in putting it through, and best know how to mske it the shortest con- sistent with its early completion. The Gov- ernment cannot give the matter that personal, direct attention within the power or gentle- men ss familiar with such works as are the members of the syndicate. In vaudxment, therefore, it is not necessary there should be the restriction this Act provides, that is that the Governor-in-Oouncll should have the right of decision, because I believe their own interests will compel them to make the best possible location, but we have Dro- v1ded, by maintaining 9. general control through the Governor-in-Council over the work, that not one mile of the road shall be located without our consent. I am told that great objection is made to the power of the Company to build branch lines. Is the Ho ise aware that in the United States all the powers given to this syndicate which comes iorward to take the place of the Gov- ernment and relieve it of responsibility in regard to this work, are enjoyed by every- body or every company building n railroad? All that such persons require to do is to organize a. company under the general law, register themselves, and go and build a rail- road wherever they like, with such privileges in their favor. Hon, Mr. Moxnnzmâ€"Do the same thing in your Northwest? Sir CHAS. TUPPER~Th0 hon. gentleman will see that as to the last objection that can be made to our policy he has anticipated me, because I intended giving him credit for the liberal spirit with which be dealt with the branch lines,â€"I mean by the bill submitted containing the policy of the late Govern- ment, upon which, of course, the Opposition will not go back. In the State of Minnesota. and everywhere else across the line, branch lines can be built by any persons wherever they desire. We have merely given this Company a power any and every person can enjoy in the United States. The member for Lambton is the last source from which I should have expected opposition to this policy Hon. Mr. Monnxzmâ€"What policy? Sir CHAS. TU‘PPERâ€"The policy of allowing the syndicate the privilege of constructing branch lines in connection with the road. the'remdndor thus in poulblo In my other way. appens to be objected to, but under the warms ot‘thlp contract the location in to be sub- Hon. Mr. MAounzmâ€"You prohibit. every- body also. Sir CHAS. Turnsâ€"There is no such pro- hibition. This remark is only an evidence of the difficulty, the dilemma in which hon. gentlemen opposite find themselves; because they can find to this policy they must manufacture them} There is no such provision in the bill, not a line giving a monopoly to these gentlemen, and this Parliament has power to day or will have power next year, after they have ratified this policy, to em- power any persons whatever to construct lines in any part of the Northwest. What did the bill submitted by the Minister of the Interior for the late Government provide with regard to the construction of railroads in the Northwest, a bill which embodied the wisdom of the Government of which he was amember? It first provides that any perâ€" son may construct a railway in the North- west wherever they choose ; they may or- ganaise under provisions similiar to those under which parties in the United States may construct branch lines. It went further; we have not given these gentlemen a dollar with which to construct branches ; we propose to give them the right of way for branch lines free, and shall be only too glad to do so if they run branches from one end of the country to the other. We felt it was in the interest of the country to give them every facility possible for the strengthening of the trunk lines and the pouring of such volumes of traffic over it as are indispensable to the prosperity of the country, and as may in- crease the value of our lands beyond any other inluence. Not one dollar can they spend in the construction of branches that will not pour large sums into the treasury of Canada by increasing the value of its lands in their neighborhood. But the bill of the late Government did not leave the cost of their construction on the company. The Government generously came to their aid. Everybody could go on and build branches and Come with his little bill to the Government for payment. What does the Act say? “The Governor in Council shall reserve every al- ternate section of ungmnted lands to the exâ€" tent of ten sections per mile, five on each side, exclusive of the sections which, under the Dominion Lands Act, may have been re- served as school sections or allotted to the Hudson’s Bay 00. {or the purposes of this Act.” That was as a bonus to these gentle- men for the construction of this branch line. “Or should the Governor in Council deem it expedient, instcad of conveying lands to the Company, the Company may he paid the monies received from the sales of lands on the line of, and within six miles of said rail- way, from time to time, until the Companv shall have received a sum not exceed- ing $10,000 per mile-giving a claim to every man who built a mile of it to come to the treasury of Canada and demand $10,000, and yet, with this strong declaration uttered on the floor of the House and placed on the public records of the country, they venture to challenge the sound- ness of the judgment of the Government of, Canada to permit parties without one dollar’s aid or one acre of land to construct branch lines for the opening up and develop- ment of the Northwest. (Cheers) Well, sir, it is said that a great enormity has been committed by the prohibition to construct lines running in any other direction than a certain one southwest, and west by southwest. Well, sir, I am a. little surprised to hear any such objection, and I shall listen with great interest to the hon. gentlemen on the other side of the House if they have any objection of that kind to make. A year ago, sir, e com- pany with perhaps no strong claims to consideration, as it would be pos- sible for any company to have on the Parlia- ment of Canada, came to us for permission to construct a railway. They asked for no money; they asked no aid; they only asked j for permission to contructa railway of a cer- ‘ tain kind. Why did we refuse it? Why, sir, we were very sorry to refuse it, but the Government having taken the subject into careful consideration, decided that inasmuch as Canada. was dealing with the construction 01 the great Canadian Pacific Bailway,snd inasmuch asthe only hope of maintaining this road, and of operating it atter it was built, was to retain the traffic of the Canadian Northwest on the trunk line, we came to the conclusion that it was not in the interests of the country, however greatly any section might demand and need it, to construct a line which would carry the traffic of the Northwest out of our country and leave our trunk line, the Canada lecifi", which had cost the country such a groutuum of money, denuded of the heme necessary to sustain it (cheers). Well sir that policy was announced ad '1‘“ LOCATION 0" m IAEWAY. N0 LEGITII‘ATI OBJ'IO‘I'IONB 1n BRANCH Mill. lellbentely adopteth the Governmeg}, md it was my duty as the’Ministex-"of Railways to submit it to the small Parliament Ail-Stair! the railway committee. Thatcom- mittee, sir, embraces the grout body of gen- tlemen on both sides of the House who are answered to give great consideration and ; :lp' their judgment to bear in relation to 1mm questions. I think that it contains 100 ~nxber5. linoszsn Trtnarâ€"Ninety-flve. ‘H‘ CHAS. Torresâ€".The number is 9a. I 3 it is a. small Parliament, and whenI mmitted the deliberate judgment of the v «moment on this point, to refuse. so far .\ we were able, to allow that charter to pass, Lilu‘ policy t f the Government was adopted by that committee without a single dissent- ;ent voice. Hon. Mr. Msomxzmâ€"I dissented for one. Sir CHAS. Terranâ€"The hon. gentleman says he dissented; then he was greatly misunderstood. I heard no dissent, but more than that, a deputation which came down from Emerson to seek assistance told me a short time ago that they had an interview with the hon. gentleman and that they could not get any more satisfaction from him than they could obtain from the Government. Hon. Mn-Mwunzmâ€"I firme expressed my: _dis~sent. _ With reference to the telegraphs, I an told that there is an objec- tion on that point, but surely no person would hive expected tbs Govcrnmvub of Canada to make a. (tontmct with a. cmnpany who was bound to construct in ion )‘Lâ€"akl‘fi a row from Red River to Kumlvops and a road from Nipissing to Bm'mrd Inlet) some. 83000 miles of road, without the power to Hon. Mr. MACKENZIEâ€"I have no power to gije agsistancc; Sir CHARLES Tomlinâ€"Then, air, all I can say is that the hon. gentleman failed in the discharge of the duty of his high position as one of the leading members of this Parlia- ment if he, on an occasion when the Govern- ment policy on a great national question was submitted before the railway committee, re- tains his opinion to himself and does not give that committee the benefit of his judg- ment and experience. Sir Cass. Turnsâ€"Sir, the hon. gentleman does not generally dissent in such a mild way (hear. hear and laughter), as to prevent me from remembering it, and all I can say is that if he dissented he did so so gently that it has passed entirely from my recollection, and I hold that this Government, in devolv- ing the duty of constructing the Canada Pacific Railway on the shoulders of the syndi- cate,could not reasonably sayuthe rights which the Government of Canada. maintained and publicly declared they had maintained in the interest of Canada and in protec- tion of the trafiic of the Canada Pacific Bail- way, shall be withheld from you, and now that the responsibility or maintaining that traffic is placed upon your shoulders we do not care, where the traffic goes to.” I say that the interest which we have toâ€"day as Canadians in that railway is the possession of the some national interest, to ring every pound of the traflic of the North- west which we can bring down through the heart of Canada and down to the seaboard in our own country, as I trust at no distant day will be the case. (Cheers) TEE RAILWAY BATES. Well, sir, the hon. member brought up the question of rates the other day in the speech which he delivered to the House on the address. I could then quite understand that the hon. gentleman was about to an- chor to the windward, (Hear, hear), and when the hon. gentleman dragged in the question of rates on railways into the dis- cussion the other day, I quite understood that there was a deliberate design in it to forestall the public mind in relation to this matter. Every per- son knows the great complaints that have been made owing to the dispropor- tionate rates which have been adopted on railways in the United States running through the prairies; but, sir, what is our position with relation to that matter ? Why, sir, we have taken power by this contract, which, under the Consolidated Rail- way Act on the statute book, we do not possess. So far from having yielded anything with relation to rates, the Governor in Council retains power to levy those rates. Not a rate can be collected, not a cent can he collected by that company for anything on" their road until the Govern- ment, who are responsible to this House, whoever they may be, have given their sanc- tion to what they believe to be just and in the interests of the country. (Cheers) But, sir, we ascertained that, according to the law Parliament itself had not the power, after the rate was fixed, to reduce it, unless it could be shown that the Company were getting 15 per cent. on their capital. We in this contract have changed that, and have deprived the Company of the power which, under the Consolidated Railway Act every other railway in the country enjoyed, and stipulated a lower rate of profit as the point at which they may be asked to lower their rates. I think, under thesecircumstances, the hon. gentleman’s long discussion on a quesâ€" tion that was certainly not- before the House, was hardly called for. 1011. Mr. ANGLmâ€"Is the profit to be taken upon the capital of the Company or upon the whole money expended upon the con- struction oflthe road, because there is a great difference. I am told that some gentlemen are afraid that difficulty will be caused by. the clause of the contract which require! the Government to hold, in certain contingen- l'lSS which may or may not arise, $25,000,000 and 4 per cent interest. Suppose we had to be in the same position the late Minister of Finance was in a year ago, that we expected in 12 months to be in a condition, where instead of paying the 5 per cent we are paying now, we should be able to sell bonds at 4 per cent without any commission; suppose we had ventured to tell hon. gentlemen that we expect in 12 months to be in a. condition of being able to obtain all the money that Canada required for its development and to renew the bonds issued at 5 and 6 per cent. as tastes they become due at 4 per cent, withouta tarlhing being paid for commis- sion, they would have, laughed at us, but it is a. fact staring them in the face, and when we entered into the contract we found that we occupied a. position that was likely to furnish us with all the money we wanted. The able Finance Minister, my hon. colleague, told us that he could handle that twenty- five millions of money in such a way as to be eminently advantageous to the interests of Canada. if he is called upon to hold it, and it was only after learning that, that we agreed to take it upon these terms. I think, thereforel needhardly detain the House upon that subject. Sir CHAS. TUPPER-The hon. gentleman will be greatly relieved to find it is not so bad as he had hoped. It is upon the capital they have expended themselves. Sir CHAS. TUPPEBâ€"Thflt is a. question of law upon which I will defer to the hon. gen- tleman. He had the contract before him, and whatever want of confidence I may have in his political sentiments, I have great con- fidence in his legal ability. I will not re- qire to say anything more about that Hon. Mr. Axumâ€"Under the terms of the )ontract, for there is a doubt about it? “No.” ANOTHER 03150110. DXSPOIED 0’. THE TELEGRAPH LINES. erect and operate a telegraph wire! Such 9. thing would, I think. he unheard of, and when I tell the Houso that instead of having a monoply, the Government at Canada at this moment retain the Canada Pacific Telegraph in their own hands, and that these parties have not ac- quired a dollar’s worth of rights in the tele- graph which has been constructed for a little inexcess of one million of dollars, when I tell the House that we retain the ownership of our own line of telegraph, it will see that unless terms are made for the transaction of general business, and for taking over our lines upon terms in the interest of Canada, we are in a positionto carry out and to com- plete our own line, and make it agery sharp competition. TE! QUANTITY 01' LAND AYLILAILI. Now, I am glad to say that I 'am able to bring my remarks to a conclusion, but before doing so, I will ask the House to indulge me for a moment. I received an extract from the Winnipeg corres- 1 pondence of the Toronto Globe of Novem-. her 25th :â€"“ So much has been said and written about the size and fertility of the Northwest that it is scarcely necessary to re- peat any of it here. Prof. Macoun’s recent explorations fully demonstrate the fact that there are about 200,000,000 of acres embraced within Manitoba_and the Northwest Terri- tories. A mere traction of this is as yet set- tled, so that there are still homes in the Northwest for millions of people. For two hundred miles west most of the good land has been taken up, but beyond that point there is any quantity of the richest land, much of it not even surveyed. The quality of the soil throughout these terâ€" ritories is almost uniformly good. In many places it is unsurpassed. In the Red River Valley, near Winnipeg, farms have been cropped for fifty years without the aid of manure. Further west the soil is somewhat lighter, but in the opinion of many, better adapted for general farming purposes. There is a. considerable quantity of wasteland, if we take it in the aggregate, but comparative- ly the percentage is not large, and much of what is now waste land will be re- claimed by drainage before the country is a a generation older.” Now, sir, I draw attention to that for the purpose of showing hon. gentlemen opposite how small a portion of these fertile lands in the great Northwest is absorbed by the twenty-five millions of acres, which is granted under this contract to the Syndicate. I draw the attention of hen. gentlemen opposite to this, because it was one of the subjects of discussion a year ago. I ventured to state from the best authority, for we have upended _a large amount of money for surveys, and a number of our able men have investigatedthis sub- to fires H uuse ject of lands of the Nonhwé. am 150,- 000,00Q ggreq of goodAlqndsA 13:7 _ _tho Sir Gus. Tank-Certainly, but they were building e railway for us, and they were paid an amount that it was estimated would pay them for the work they performed and give them a profit, but every locomotive, every car for the railway that we imported for ourselves, as we have done, could not, by any law that is on the statute book, be charged with duty. 80 that there is no ground of complaint upon that score. But, sir. that is not the contract. The contract provides only for the admission free of duty of all steelrails, flshplates, and other fastenings, spikes, bolts, wire, timber and all materials for bridges, to be used in the original construction of the rail- way, and for a telegraph line in connection therewith. Now, sir, what is the duty col- lected on now? Steel rails are free under the law. Eon. Mr. Mauritianâ€"For how long? Sir Cass. Tunisâ€"80 long as the steel railsare not manufactured in this country for the purpose of supplying our own country. The Government felt that the construction of railways was so very important to the de- delopment of Canada that they made an exâ€" ception of steel rails, saying that while steel rails were not manufactured in this country they should he admitted free. Therefore, this limit is to the bolts, nuts, wire, timber, and material for bridges. We judged that by admitting iron for bridges free of duty, We would pro- bably have the bridges constructed of iron, instead of wood. But is there a member of this House who fails to see that if we had not made such a provision, we only had to import these articles ourselves to make them free. I may say that under this con- tract, the position of the industries of Can- ada. and of the National Policy is better than ever before. The Government in- tended in this matter, as in everything else, to be true to that policy, which has lifted Canada out of the condition of depression in which our country was; which has lifted the credit of the country, by changing de- ficits into handsome surpluses; which has vitalised the industries of Canada, got money in circulation, commercial enter- prise in operation, and created industries from one end of Canada to the other. We would be faithless to the country and to the position we occupv, if we did not in everything to which we put our hands, maintain the policy in its integrity. (Ap- plause). I may say that the Mi- nister of Finance will he prepared to submit a measure to deal with this very point by which the construction 0! everything that can be constructed in Can- ada for the purposes of the railway will be manufactured in our own country. Now, sir, l mu glad that I shall not be compelled further upon the attention of the (<7 liwbl‘v Before I conclude there 1: mother point that I want to refer to. It is charged against the Governmen and it is the last charge in the world that hope any person will ever be nble to sustain against them,â€"lt in o ohnrge of not being true to the Nlflonnl Policy. If the Government of Conn-do, with the evi- dence of the put two your: before them, were to be faithleai to the National policy, they would delerve to be driven tron: power by the execution of every truoheerted Cann- dian. I say this is about the [net chnrge that should have been made, but I an told that they have given, under the contract, rights and privileges which ore fitnl to the Nation- al Policy. How fatal to the Notional Policy ? There is nothing in the low, nothing in the statute book that ensbled one cent of duty to be collected on Anything that has been used for the purpose of constructing the Canada Pacifid Bailwny, not 3 cent. west of Manitoba and the Rocky Immins, between the 49th and 57th parallels of North latitude, and hon. members opposite doubted it. N ow, we find that Professor McOoun, who is regarded as one of the most able ex- plorers and one of the best qualified men to form a judgment upon the matter, who has spent the last season in going .over the country, found that great Missouri section of barren country which was supposed to ex- tend into Canada in the Northwest was in a great manner valuable and fertile land. He found that the idea. that it wee desert was an entire delusion, end that instead of that a. great portion of the lands, thirty millions of acres, which was supposed to be unfit for settlement was fertile. Under these circum- stances the House will see that this Lend has been very much under-estimeted. Hon. Mr. Mlémulâ€"Did tho contuctors payrthqr duty ?_ Wme I figxpmssed the pride and Itétfill‘g ft'g‘éi'Ve me to be able to propound to TEE EXEMPTION IRON DUTY OMUEII THE PERORATIOF- I’arliament a measure which will secure in ten years the construction of the Pacific 3:11wa upon terms more favorable than the most enthusiastic friend of the railway had ventured to hope this Parliament would have the opportunity of putting its seal of ratification to. I have read at some length the able and eloquent statements of hon. gentlemen opposite to Show that no men are more bound, as honorable and patriotic statesmen, to give this measure their hearty support than those gentlemen themselves. I am glad to know that if ever there were a measure presented for the consideration of this House, worthy and likely to receive its hearty adoption, it is the measure I have the honor of submitting for its consideration. I have the satisfaction of knowing that throughout this country every man breathed more freely when he learned that the great undertaking of constructing and of operating the railway was to be lifted , from the shoulders of the Government, and the liability the country was going to incur was to be brought Within not onl the limit which in its present financial ion it is prepared to meet, but within such limits that the proceeds from the sale or the lands granted for the construction of the line will wipe out all liabilities at no distant day. But this is the slightest consideration in re- ference to- this question. It is a fact that under the proposals now submitted for the Parliament to consider, this country is going to secure the construction and operation of ‘ the gigantic work which is to give new life and vitality to every section of this Do- minion. No greater responsibility rests upon any body of men in this Dominion, than rests upon the Government of Canada, placed as it is in a position to deal with the enor- mous work of the development or such a, country as Providence has given us. And I say we would be traitors to ourselves and to our children if we should hesitate to secure, on terms such as we have the plea- sure of submitting to Parliament, the con- struction of this work, which is going to de- velop all the enormous resources of the Northwest, and to pour into that country a tide of population which will be a tower of strength to every part of Canada-a. tide of industrious and intelligent men,who will not only produce natural as well as individual wealth in that section of the Dominion, but Will create such a demand for the supplies which must come from the older provinces as will give new life andvitality to every in- dustry in which those provinces are engaged. Under these circumstances we had a right to expect that support, which, in justice to themselves and their position as statesmen, the hon. gentlemen opposite should give us. I say, sir, that, looking at this matter from a party point of view, the lowest point of view, I feel that the gentlemen by following the course they propose, are promot- ing ,the interests of the party now in power, just as they promoted ourintcrests when they placed themselves in antagonism to the National Policy which the great mass of the people desired. Sir, I am disappoint- ed at the course of the hon. gentlemen. I regret it, notwithstanding that it conduccs to the interests of our own party. 0n past occasions I made the most earnest appeal in my power to those gentlemen to sink on one great national question partisan feelings to enable both sides of this House and both parties of this country to unite in a great measure that did not require to be drugng down into the arena of party, and which would be promoted, and largely promoted by a combination of both of the great parties in this country. The hon. gentlemen refused torespond to that appeal and, therefore, I will not waste time on the present occasion by pointing out to them how desirable it is now, but I did hope when we abandoned this railway as a Government work, and when it became a commercial undertaking it would be otherwise; and one of the reasonsâ€"one of the great necessities for changing our baseâ€"â€" one of the great necessities to place this work on a commercial footing at the earliest opportunityâ€"was that we became aware from the events of the last two sessions that while we dealt with it as a GOvernrnent rail- way it was to be dragged down from its high position to the arena of partisan politics. In order to obstruct the Government, in order to prevent our carrying out the policy as we were carrying it, these gentlemen were driven to assume the unpatriotic attitude of decrying the credit and capabilities of our country and damaging the prospects of this great work. I am glad that we have triumphed over such opposition, and that despite that obstruction we have surmounted the great difficulty, that despite all the obstruction they could throw in our way the time has come when enlightened capitalists, best acquainted with the resources of Canâ€" ada, are prepared to throw themselves into the construction of this great railway. I say I was in hope, now that we have abandoned it as a Government work and it is placed on a commercial foundation, that those gentlemen could, without loss of party prestige, unite with us on this great question, and on giving to this syndicate who are charged with this important and onerous undertaking, that fair, handsome and generous support that men engaged in a great national work in any coun- try are entitled to receive at the hands not only of the Govern- ment of the country, but of every patriotic member of Parliament. Sir, I say I have been disappointed, but I hope upon future reflection, at no distant day, when the results of this measure which We are now ' submitting for the approval of Parliament, and which I trust and confidently expect will obtain the sanction of this House, will be such as to compel these gentlemen, openly'and candidly, to admit that in taking the course which we have fol- lowed wc have done what is calculated to promote the best interests of the country, and that it has been attended with a success exceeding our most sanguine expectations I can only say, in conclusion, after some five-and-twenty years of public life, I shall feel it the greatest source of pleasure that the quarter of a century has afforded me, as All Italinn not long since rode a native mare, six years old from Turin to Canals, fifty-eight miles, in five hours, under a bum. ing sun, at a temperature of 88 deg, and amid sun‘ocdting dust. The return journey was made in a rain szorm in six hours, and the wars, it is said, was none the worse for the tremendous effort. Juan) puper air cushions are said to have some advantages over‘thoee made of rubber. They may he rolled into a package of smaller dimensions, when not in use; they will not stick together as rubber does after it is wet, and for plllowu they (no better be- cause they have no odor. ’l‘llcrr strength is marvellous; a man weighing 160 pounds may stand upon one without bursting it. They are said to be waterproof, and to make excellent life preservers. I m satisfied that my right hon. friend beside me will feel that it crowns the suc- cess of his public life, that while Premier of this country his Government were able to carry through Parliament a mea- sure of such inestimable value to the progress of Canada; so I can feel, If I have no other bequest to leave to my children After me. the proudest legacy I would deairo to leave was the record that I was able to take an active part in the pro- motion ofthln great measure by which, I be- lieve, Candi will recein an impetus that will make it I [rout and powerful country at no diltunt m r The ban. gentleman resumed his seat unid great spplnuu from both Sines of the House. THE PUBNQ AMOUNTS. The following isa comparative stateme: ‘ vi the total receipts and. expenditures on account of Consolidated Revenue fund for six months from lst July to 30th November, in 1879 and 1880, respectively ; cents are omitted. A mere glance will suffice to show the enormous improvement in the financial condition of the Dominion, and the justification for the anticipation in the Speech from tho Throne of I handsome surplus this you :â€" Custom- .....................1 Excise Postomce;................... Revenue from Public Work- Rgxenue from minor Public \Vorks..§:::f.:;f:.v..~. WV Revenue from railways Bill stamp du‘y.... .. .. ..... Interest on investmenu. Casual . . . .. Ordnance lands. Bank 1111 oats Fines an forfeitures . . . . . . . Prgmlum. discount. and ex- u...” is studying in Flore ‘Slnd is in {wenty- fifth year. J r’fac Tn Portland Press, speaking of the eulogy bestowed by Mr. James Jackson Jmes in the New York Times upon a statue by Thax- ter called “Love’s Young Dream,” goes on to suggest that the namesakes of the young artistâ€"â€"the Thaxton heirsâ€"should permit the removal of the old City Building, that Portland should then sod and inclose she space and give to the young Portland sculp- tor an order for a soldier’s monument to be placed gn the inclosurp’.,.fir. E. B, Tnaxter Total consolidated tu'nd. ...$8.965,217 *Transrera to railways made to end of Sept,- embur. and transfers made to and of July res- pcctlvely._ . D9. Hm! M. Burn, the author of u The Congregationalism of the Last Three Hun- dred Years, as seen in its Utemtum," and the editor of the Uongregatimalist, has gone to London for a few moutbs‘ work in the British Museum, in pursuit of his specillties of ecclesiastical investigation. The Athemmn gives him credit for being “an earnest-mind- ed mam,” “ the ardent partiuan of a sect,” but denies him “ any claim to be considered a hilosophicd thinker, a liberal theologian or a good writer.’ ceipts Suspension AOL. . .. Prlnce Edward Island Rail~ Xay Receipts Suspension . . . . . Pacific Railway Receipt- Sus: ension Act. . . . .. ... Win nor Branch Interco- 10mm Railway. . . . . . .. . A "Tl-adders made to end or October, and gianlsfers made to end of September, respec- vo y. MACMILLAN a: 00., will publish immediate- ly the Archbishop of Canterbury’s new book under the title of H The Church of the Fu- ture.” The subjects discussed are: “ Its Catholicity,” “Its anflicts with the Atheist,” Interest on public debt. . . .flfiiiféfi charges of management“ 41.733 Sinking fund . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 514,035 Premium discount and ex- change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. 24,886 Civil Government. . . .. . . .. 869,501 éqministrauon of J ustioo. 179,721 “ Its Conflict with the Deist," “Its Conflict with the Rationaliat," “Its Dogmatic Teach- ing," “Practical Counsels for its Work,” “ Its gathedrall,” appendiceg, &c. The price will change . . . . . 7.; . . . . . 7.1.7. .. Civil Government. . . . . . . .. Administration of J ustioo. Police Legislation . . . .. Penitentiaries. . .. .. .. Aypshagriouiture and' It.- n. A SECOND edition of " Kirkbride on Hospi- tals for the Insane” has been issued by J. B. Lippincott & Go. There are revisions, addi- tions, and new illustrations. Charts and views show the character and details of buildings advocatt‘rd for insane patients; the book treats thoroughly of the construction, organizatton, the general arrangements of establishments of the kind. tine. Pensions . . . . . . . .. Superannuation. . . .. . . .. .. . Militia and enrolled force- Mounted police. Manitoba. Money order commluion.. Public worku and build- (‘harges on Revenue: Customs .............. Excise. Weights and memum. Inspection of staples“ . . ‘ . Adulwratlon of food... Post 03109. . . . . . . . . . Public Works. . .. . . .. . Paplnc Railway Commu- aiou.........,....... Railways working ' Represents transfers for Intnroolonlal Rau- w:_1y_to end of September: Dox P. de Guyangos has discovered in the course of his researches at Simancas inter- esting notices of Cervantes, and also of other great writers of the golden age of Spanish literature, more especially of Lope de Vega, and Calderon. ‘ pense. Minor revenue.. V vaRlpfeééfiia Vti‘hnsfei‘éif'or Intel-colonial Rail- wa‘f to end of July. and 101' P. E. I. Railway to en of September. v '11ng... Ocean an'd‘ river service. . . Lighthouse and coast aer- RANKE attempts engaged world. Mr. J. MCCARTHY, M. P., has launched into authorship deeper than ever. He is at pre- sent writing a new woxkof fiction, and at the same time engaged upon ths “History of the First Reform Period.” R. WORTHINGTON announces “ Pompeii, its Remains and Rediscovery." This important work has been out of print so long a time that copies of the previous editioncommandâ€" ed quadruple the published price. THE Rev. Sylvanus Stall, author of the new and popular book entitled “ How to Pay Church Debts and How to Keep Churches Out of Deb ,” has received and accepted a call to St. John's Lutheran Chuach, of Lan- caster, Penn. 'I‘ml month of November witnessed the first issue of a. London University list in which the Bachelor of Arts degree is grant? ed to lady candidates, two being placed in the first class and two in the second. Total consolidated mnd.89,242,690 T Connollan lave-no Fund is not content with his prenous in the historical field; he in now on a. universal history of the PAYM ENTS. RECEIPTS. .........$5,611,212 1879-80. 1880â€"55. '482.651 6.196 401.704 "9&9? 4851' 540.137 159,866 180. 154 15.699 19 .987 $12,025 ,370 $7.48! .20; 2,252.7x7 469,227 282.015 who 5434a; 5xs.300 14 655 870, 493 189 ,972 $9,114,679 594,087 143,944 166,65 19.983 21,883 11,917 3,701 3,508 2.624 13,797 24,685 21,162 1111 1,904,482 138 277,359 2,772 186,294 82‘199 89,643 41,822 16,569 1,-'5l 14,738 43,258 25,019 19.309 1'36, .9 8.699 186.180 10,739 5513 1019:9136 $95.! 772,904 202,783 803 ,763 84 ,534 24,724 40,2919 8,9 ‘3 91 2.682 '992 5,1 12 21,987 10,93 1 13.417 12.194 13 1.995. '990 8,901 '547