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BRAZIL’S GALAMITY. Half a, Million of Her PBBPIB ' Swept Away. PAMINE AND PESTILBNUE AT WORK. Starving People Eat the Bodies of Their Own Ofi’spring. ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY THOUSAND PEOPLE PERIBHED. The greatest mortality from hunger was probably in March; from February 1 to May 1, when the exodus was taking place. I can hardly calculate the number of famine deaths at less than one hundred thousand; and during the 'whole drought probably one‘ CITIES DEPOPULATED The Unburied Dead Lie Rotting in Open Trenches to be Devoured by Wild Animals. By telegram we have already referred to the revelations made by the New York Herald. correspondent in Ceara. Northern Brazil, of the horrible efiects of the famine which has prevailed in that country for the past two years. The correspondent, after noting the gradual deveropment of the famine, says : CHILDREN ABANDONED TO DIE. From Telha this was received : The pastures are changed into deserts. only rarely crossed by some solitary animal, once the flower of the herd. Here is a group of thirty poor people in rags, squalid. with misery stamped in their faces. They carry their little household goods on their heads or over their shoulders. They are flying to Cariry, where, I fear, theywill seek vainly for help. I traversed a region of 120 miles long and never saw a green leaf. Some villages are completely abandoned ; in others the water is disappearing ; there is not even enough for the travelers’ horse. Men, women and children clothed in rags on foot, dying of hunger, form a sad picture along the high- ways. A family of peasants, flying to the hillcountry, passed the night in the forest. In the early morning the elder ones went on, abandoning two children, who were too weak from famine to keep up with them. A little later some passers-by found the childrenâ€" one dead, the other dying. Mandioca meal is selling at 51 milreis the bushel (about twice the ordinary price), and it can hardly be obtained at that. Beans and corn, on which the poorer people so much depend, cannot be bought at any price. The peasants live on wild roots, on unwholesome seeds, on the flesh of unclean animals. From the priest at Quixada, June let : It is impossible to describe the misery here. Think of a house with six naked, skeleton children crying with hunger. and a poor, miserable mother sick on the filthy bed, tortured less with her disease than to see the little ones begging for food. Think, again, of families begging in the streets, among them old men and pretty young girls, almost naked, or with only dirty rags to cover them; abandoned children, who can no longer drag themselves along, begging for bread on their bended knees ; then you will have a poor idea of the state of things here. As I pen these lines I am tormented. al- most deafened with cries, imprecations, tears, groans of a people driven wild and agonized by famine, nakedness and disease. A thous- and at a time, they beg a worse] for the love of God, for divine pity, that they may save for a moment some child torn by hunger. A grave woman, pushed about by the people, begs to save herself from the monster that devours her to save the child in her womb. Another cries for broth for her husband, who is prostrated, almost inanimate by that worst of diseases, famine. Another shows her bony body, with hardly rags to cover her nakednessâ€"a horrible sight. Another begs help for her husband, her son, her bro- ther, all dying together. One just cried to me, “ Help me for the five wounds of Christ I I am falling.” This one says, “Senor, lis- ten to me, who am dying with my children." She cries, groans,curses ; but what can I do? there are many ; there are so many, alas ! Thousands who would have help at once. And how shall I help them when I have no resources? Eight days ago the commission bought provisions and arranged money on the faith of the Government, which had promised resources. But these have not come. We can do nothing, and the people are cursing us. “ They give only to their favorites,” the crowd says. and then they cry fiercely, “ You‘ have food {or us; give it at once ! ” Apriest writes from Quixada on the 29th c Segtemperi I arrived here yesterday and I know not how to write, impressed as I am with the pic- tures of misery which I have encountered. It is horrible to travel here in the interior. On the roads I saw only interminable pro- cessions of refugees. naked, bony and deathlike, trembling with cold and hun- ger. Many fall by the roadside almost inani- mate, as happened at Riacho de Castro, where a. poor man fell down with his three children and would have died but for & Senor Moura, who gave them a morsel of food. The people have given way to despair. Full of grief 1 send you notice of the death of five persons, rigorously speaking, of hunger, and this with- in the village ! We find people fallen on the pavement. Ffom Grafijn, near the seh coast,where many refugees had. ‘congregated, a govern- ment oommxssioner wntes : With this letter the priest sent a list of five persons dead of hunger. A little later no one thought of lists; it was the number of scores or hundreds that had died. The. priest adds 53 postscript: As I closed this a poor woman came to the house, 9. mother whose children were no longer able to work. She said that she could only give them water and a little salt. A refugee woman came to ask bread for her father, who had fallen from hunger by the river side. And here again is a father who brings six little skeleton children to beg. Enough, enough. my friends 1 God have pity on us I little ibéd. From Cariri (October) I have a long letter too long to transcribe), telling of the depre- ationu of robber bands, who overrun the whole region, stealing the few remaining cattle and goats, burning houses, killing men, outraging women. Similar letters from other places, for, like all great national camalities, the drought awakened the worst passions, drove humanity from the breast of men. Young girls sometimes sold themselves for a How can I describe the misery that reigns here! Scores of persons have died from the effects of famine, though it is true that many of these cases were complicated by eating wild roots, raw mandioce, etc. Hundreds are poisoned by these roots and must die in a few days. Day and night our doors are be- sieged by cadaverous, almost naked, mendi- cents. But very few persons can give any more, for if they do they soon will be obliged to beg with the rest. When the table is laid, the house is often invaded, even inside, by children. young girls, men ; they come up to us and kneel on the floor to ask for a morsel “ for love of God." Men, women and chil~ dren congregate in the streets and yards to gather melon rinds, mango skins and reeds. and other refuse; they eat all without fear of the result, which may be bad enough. They eat soap-berries even i V EVERYWHERE HUNGER AND DEATH. MENDICANTS PRAYING FOR FOOD, SOULS SOLD FOR BREAD. Assam, Dec. 17. hundred and fifty thousand died of hunger. I should add that my calculations are much lower than those of other persons; some place the entire number as high as three hundred thousand. In Aracaty the death rate fluctuated between ninety and one hundred and ten a day ; in Fortaleza it was less at this time, but eighty per day was bad enough. I have notices of ten, twenty or more daily deaths in small villages; and everywhere along the roadsides nameless crosses still tell the story of uncatalogued‘ victims. Dark tales of cannibalism begin to appear. From a letter written at Quixeramo- him I translate as follows :â€"~ ‘ EATING HIS OWN CHILD. I write in haste. Have no time to tran- scribe the scenes of horror about me. It is enough to give you as a specimen one name» 'less crime. A father, whose nature was so overcome by nunger that he killed and cooked in a pot his little child, two years old. This took place in California (a settlement near Quixada.) The father died soon after his horrible feast. I have three or four similar stories, very well authenticated. I believe that these and other cases of cannibalism were caused by insanityâ€"a common result of hunger. Here is a tableau. A great open field with thousands of mounds in itâ€"trenches that had been filled in. A score of men digging new pits. A procession of bodies coming in, some in litters. oftener tied to a pole between two men. Half naked bodies with the horrible white sores on them. Child corpses on trays, carried on men’s heads. Sometimes two or three bodies tied together to a pole, or rolled in a hammock. Of course the stench is worse in new trenches close beside the old ones. Several cases of the smallpox appeared among them on the voyage, and then they died like vermin and were thrown into the sea. Probably fifty thousand emi- grants left Ceara. They were received kindly enough in the other provinces, though their needs were not always promptly met. But for the most part they would not work ; their mcndicant habits were now so confirmed that they would only beg or starve. I think they had some vague idea that as they were victims of a terrible misfortune they had a right to filch their living from the world. APPEARANCE OF THE BLACK PLAGUE. I could write much more of Ceara and the good and evil I saw there ; the evil, alas. too sadly predominant! Only one thing more I will note, for it may be the sign of another scourge in the future. When I left Fortaleza people were talking of a disease which 1hey called black small-pox. It was utterly un- like the ordinary small-pox. The patient was seized with a sudden giddiness, fever and burning of the tongue; then dark spots like bruises appeared on the body, and in twenty- four hours all was over. I surmised from the first, and I believe there is now, no doubt, that this is the terrible black plague, the scourge that has so often swept through Europe and Asia. but which i so far as I know. has never appeared before a on this side of the Atlantic. The cases were ‘already numerous at the beginning of the year. One of the first victims was the wife of the Provincial President, Senor Jose Julio. She died in a few hours- after the disease attacked her. She was buried at night Without attendance. What will be the result of this new pestilence ? I only know what has beenâ€"a province utterly ruined ; a populatlon of 900,000 reduced to 400,000, and these dying at an enormous rate. Pro- bably there have been 300,000 deaths in the other droughtâ€"stricken provinces. of which I have few notices. There is nothing in hisâ€" tory that will cempare with it. God grant that there never may be again I This village is full of abandoned children ; the despairing fathers would no longer see them torn by this monster hunger. This very day, while I was eating dinner, my house was invaded by a crowd of these wretched children, very skeletons, who could hardly speak. Some of them were so weak that they would take only soup, obstinater refusing more solid food. The road from here to Aracaty is full of bodies. You can count the crosses by hundreds. The other day, in an abandoned house, there were found five bodies of refugees, four children and one old women. By the bodies there were three stripes of leather in the kettle over the ashes of an extinguished fire. A dog, the faithful friend of the family, was still watching them. Near Lettrado three young girls and an old man were found eating the flesh of a dead horse which lay by the road- side. This was a, family from Looms. Even in the villages these poor wretches no longer ask for mendiocu meal ; they ask for cats and dogs to eat. (This is no exaggeration. One shopkeeper told me of a. refugee who ‘ who asked permission to kill the rats about his place.) Three days ago I made a journey of six leagues by the road from Ico, and what I saw was indescribable. I found eleven dead bodies by the roadside and at least forty who were dying. Happily there is no pestilence hear ; the deaths are from hunger. I anote also a letter from Jaguaribe-Mirim, one; of many that tell the_san{e gtqry} A The Government did their best, bu‘. are next to powerless. The people took the sup- plies voted them. but were too lazy to work, and in a few weeks were as poor as ever, and as badly in need of assistance. And now we come to the last and scene, the scene that is yet unrolling itself, and no one can tell the end. Unhappy province I Pitiless, indeed, would be lie who could view thy tortures unmoved. Consider the pro- vince as it was in June, 1878. The interior region. once well populated, was now almost desolate. The people had food enough, but still the death rate increased steadily. In Fortaleza it had reached 200 per day, even as early as May or June. In Aracaty it was hardly lr‘ss. There were pernicious fevers, beri-beri, a lit- tle cholera. Yellow fever disappeared with the spring months. But above all other dis- eases the small-pox began to assume a terrible [ire-eminence. It was worst at Fortaleza. Very few of the people were vaccinated. Isolation of the sick was never enforced. The pestilence, confined at first to the refugees, soon spread to the richer classes. By October the 150,000 ad- ventitious population had dwindled to 70,000 or 90,000, including the townspeople; many had died, many had emigrated. Among those that were left the pestilence was stalking and marking its victims. On November lst 99 persons died of smallpox in Fortaleza; on November 2nd, 124, and this out of n. popula- tion of only 90,000. Your yellow fever deaths never reached such a proportion. But the disease went on increasing rapidly. Two hundred, three hundred, four hundred deaths a dayâ€"toward the end of November the figures ran above five hundred. On the 30th there were 574 registered, but this includes only the interments in the public grounds. BURYING m rsaxouns. At Lagos-funds the dead are buried in trenches, twelve together ; “except,” re. marked one of the overseers, “ where the bodies come in too fast for us; then we put fifteen or twenty in a trench, conforme." The trenches are deep; the bodies are placed in two layers and well covered. But the soil is of sharp silicious sand, with no more disin- fectant properties than apile of stones would have. With 20,000 bodies rotting underneath it the stench was nearly insupportable. I stood it for five minutes before I turned away, sick at heart and stomach from the terrible sight. What I saw was this. A series of pits or trenches, about seven feet by twelve and seven deep; some of them empty, others half full of corpses, not cleanly clad bodies, with folded hands and closed eyes, resting peacefully in polished coffins; the death horror is all taken away from these. I saw hideous, filthy masses of sores, with the staring, wide open eyes full of sand, the limbs twisted, the face moulded to a curse under its mask of sores. There was no cover- ing but the dirty rags they died in. Men, women and children were indiscriminately thrown into these holes and partially covered with sand. BREAKING OUT OF SMALL-POX. SICKENING PICTURES. The Remarkable Adventurer; oi two Mail Unrrh‘rs on Frozen Luke Michi- gun. (Buffalo Express.) A very interesting letter was received yes- terday by one of our prominent citizens, from Mr. John Day, of St. James. the county seat of the County of Manitou, Michigan, a sight of which was permitted an Express representative. The letter is dated and was posted at St. James an the 5th inst., and be- gins by stating that “ It is now eleven weeks since we had a mail. The mail carriers, Joe Smith and Paul Le Blane, left here for Mackinaw onthe 20th of December, where the mail is made up. They arrive there on the same day, and remained until the 28th, when they started with their boat, and got as far as Waugochanee light-house.” This beacon is well known to all lake navigators as being located at the lower end of Lake Michigan, and marks the locale of a very dangers series of “ spits,” or. small islands. The construction of Waugochanee light-house was so expensive, it is said, that it would not have cost more had it been erected with United States dollar , notes. The peculiar feature of the place is that there is no resi- dent keeper there, but the light-house door is always left open for the accommodation of travelers, and arrangements are made for their comfort, and sustenance in the shape of a stove, with fuel at hand and provisions in case of need. To return to Joe and Paul. After they reached this point of safety, the wind came up heavily from the southwest, which compelled the carriers to run back with their boat to St. Helena, a small island in the Straits of Mackinaw, some ten or twelve miles distant. The weather continued so bad that the men hauled up their boat and started on foot with the mail via Bon- fait. They remained there until the 11th of January. The lake was frozen over by that time, at least so it was thought. The men therefore concluded to start for Beaver Island via Hat Island. On the second day out they got within half a mile of the latter place. when they came upon open water. The hope of reaching the island at once vanished, and they hardly knew what to do in such a perilous position. The wind com- ing up from the south. suggested the advis- ability of making for better ice. and so en- deavor to reach the north shore of the lake. The ice, however, began to break up, and shortly afterwards their hand-sled, made for . the express purpose of traveling on the ice, went to pieces. In this terrible dilemma they had, in order to seek to save their lives, to abandon the mail and all their blanket and wrappings. Providing themselves with what provisions they had, which were only sufli- cient to last them two or three days. they started forward to reach land it possible; the prize, their lives. They soon found themselves floating around on cakes of ice. This continued for the terrible space of eleven days and nights, With hardly any food ; in fact, none towards the last, and ex- periencing bitterly cold weather. Sleep they dared not. Finally they made Hat Island thoroughly worn out with hunger and want of rest. After remaining here fora short time, they “ screwed their courage up to the sticking place,”and again set out, this time for Hog Island, which they ultimately reached after considerable difficulty. They fortunately received all the hospitality the natives could afford them. They remained three days in order to get rest and strength. At the expiration of that time they left ‘for home ina skiff kindly lent to them by the friendly Indians, and reached Beaver Island on the 24th of January, accomplishing this extraordinary and perilous journey of forty- five miles in twenty-seven days. and on- during an amount of hardship. misery, fear and hope that can be more easily imagined The Victoria, 13. 0. papers of the 23rd Jan- uary. have news from Cariboo. The cold weather had fairly set in, and when the mail alelgh passed through Stanley, the 12th, the thermometer registered 33 0 below zero. When the passengers reached the 100 mile past (Bridge Creek) they found it still colder -â€"37 ° below zero. There was good sleigh- ing from Barkerville to Cache Creek, from thence to Kanaka Bar wheels have to be used. From the latter place to Yale good sleighing. There was less snow than usual LATEST FRlIflIBflRITlHll C0 LU.“ IA. vnxnzonuns FIGHTING. ST. THOMAS, Feb. 7.â€"Government advices from Venezuela report a severe fight at Guarenas. Generals Pulido and Azala. were defeated. Another battle near La. Victoria. resulted in the defeat of Gen, Undenoz, with a. loss of 500 men. Gen. Celina, has left Caro with 3,000 men to aid the Government against those proclaiming in favor of Gen. Guzman. Blenco-Luciano, with 4,000 men. has marched on Aragua. to join Valeria. against Cadenoz. Caracas is quiet,a.nd the adherents of Guzman are fleeing and hiding. On the other hand, it is reported that the revolution is in full blast. Caro is surrounded by the adherents of Guzman. Gen. Valeria was shut up in Victoria by Gen. Cadenoz, and all communi- cation with Caracas has been cut off. Ex- PresidentGuzmnn declares that he only comes to quiet the country, and will not accept the Presidency. La. Guair is totally undefended. The general tone of the country is said to be in favor of Guzman. than déscribed SAN FRANCISCO, Cal., Feb. 15.â€"A Victoria. dispatch says the steamship California, which left Sitka, February 10th, arrived at Esqui- malt on the 14th. There was much excite- ment in Sitka when she left, the Indians having threatened the annihilation of the whites. The citizens were armed awaiting their attacks. The two Indians who murdered James Brown, confessed their guilt and were surrendered to the Collector. and are now on on board the California, en route to Portland to be turned over the District Attorney, to await the action of the authorities at Washington. Three families came down on the steamer, fleeing from danger. The store- keepers are preparing to emigrate by the next steamer. Father Metropolskyand§his congregation, in conjunction with the American citizens of Sitka have petitioned the commander of her Majesty man~of-war, now lying at Esqui- malt to come to their immediate aid fearful that they cannot allay disturbances before the United States Government can send assistance. It was rumored that Cut- ting & Co’s cannery, about four miles from Sitka, had been sacked and burned. No re- liance is, however, placed on the rumor, be- cause the company have Indians in their employ who seem to be peacefully inclined. The Collector of Alaska telegraphed to Secretary Sherman for aid. The Indians threaten to kill two white men in retaliation for the two prisoners. The night before the steamer arrived an alarm was given through some nervous person, creating the greatest consternation. The people barred their doors and stood ready fcr action. The priest‘s house was crowded with terror-stricken wo men and children, who could not be induced to return home till daylight. The steamer-’s arrival created more confidence, but fear be- gan to gain ground at her departure. The whites are well organized, and in case they cannot conciliate the Indians will make a desperate fight. James Brown was murdered in his cabin while asleep. He was hacked to pieces with an axe, and his remains thrown into the ocean. Plunder was the incentive. Much of his property was found in possession of the murderers. The Indians Threaten the Whites With Extermination. WHITES PREPARING TO LEAVE. LEVEN DAYS 0N TIIE ICE HOW IT IS ALASKA. The Venezuelan Row. TROUBLE IN ALASKA. in the Cariboo District at this season of the yearâ€"only about three feet between Williams and Lightning Creeks. Flour was selling at $9 per hundred lbs, about half the ruling price of last winter. The Enterprise Co.’s mill was crushing up to the time of latest mail advices Report says the expert is unable to save the gold. Beeky’s mill on Lightning Creek was crushing about five tons per day with fair results and good prospects for the future. The machinery for the Hixen Creek mill would arrive at Quesnelmouth on the 14th. iFrom thence it would be taken to its destin- ‘ ation on sleighs up the river. The ledge con- tinued to look well, and a large force of men were employed prospecting it. The Foster Company were sinking on their ledge. which was improving. Several companies were prospecting for alluvial diggings. About 70 men were wintering in the neighborhood of Snow Shoe and Keither Creeks. Tunnels are being run on several of the outlying creeks. From fifteen to twenty men are wi ntering on the Horsefly Creek. Skirmishing has been resumed at St. James Church, Hatchman. A fortnight ago the new vicar and the churchwardens met in the church about half an hour before the morning service. On seeing a gilt cross and two candlesticks with candles on the commu- nion table. Mr. Saunders, the parishioners churchwarden, removed them and placed them in the vestry. He said he did this be- cause the ornaments were illegal, and he was anxious that there should not be any cause for the continuance of disturbance amongst the congregation. Upon this the vicar declared that there would not be any service, and all left the church. A crowd had collected at the west door, and on coming out of the church the vicar informed Mr. Saunders that he would not attend in the afternoon, but if the articles were not restored there would again be no service. A lady in the crowd cried out, “better have no service if there cannot be one without candlesticks." The clergy- man with his bag then walked away. In about half an hour the following notice was posted on the west door: “There will be no ser- vice this morning in consequence of the in- terference of Churchwarden Saunders. Even- ing service at 3 p. m., if it can be held without molestation.” By this time the crowd had considerably increased. The notice had been scarcely up a minute or two when it was torn down. Mr. Saunders ad- dressing tlre people, informed them of what he had done. and of the determination to hold no service. The crowd expressed ap- proval of the action of the churchwarden by loud cheers, and then dispersed. There was still a larger number of persons present at 3 o’clock. But Mr. Saunders informed them that the cross and candlestick had not been replaced, and that the vicar had declined to hold a service. -â€"-A marriage notice in an exchange com- mencea “ Lynchâ€"Pynn." All the puns we could think of in an hour wouldn’t im- prove that, so we'll let it stand stripped of, all paragraphic adornment, M, Senlecq, of Ardres, France, has recently submitted the plan of an apparatus intended to reproduce telegraphically at a distance the images obtained in the camera obscura. The apparatus is based on the property possessed by selenium of offering a variable and very sensitive electrical resistance according to the different gradations of light. It consists of an ordinary camera obscure containing at the focus an unpolished glass and any system of autographic telegraphic transmission ; the tracing point of the transmitter intended to traverse the surface of the unpolished glass is formed by a small piece of selenium held by two spring acting as pincers,insulated and connected, one with a pile, the other with the line. The point of selenium forms the cir- cuit. In gliding over the surface, _more or less lightened up, of the unpolished glass, this point communicates, in different degrees and with great sensitiveness, the vibrations of the light. The receiver is a tracing point of black lead or pencil for drawing very finely, connected With a very thin plate of soft iron, held almost as in the Bell tele- phone, and vibrating before an electro- magnet, governed by the irregular 'current emitted in the line. This pencil supporting a sheet of paper arranged so as to receive the impression of the image produced in the camera obscura, tranlates the vibrations of the metallic plate by a. more or less pressure on that sheet of paper. The working of the new machine will be watched with some in- terest; but at present it is theoretical rather than practical. â€"-The newspapers say that bird frmciers are puzzled over the origin of a. new and un- known species of bird that is killing off the English sparrows in Seneca. Falls, N. Y. It has marvellous strength, carrying the carcass of these sparrows up into the trees, where it devours them. It is about the size of a robin, and is bluetfeathered on the breast. We are often amused at the habit grave middle aged people have of addressing each other as papa and mamma. It is equally as droll to hear the same appellation from the lips of young gentlemen and ladies whose eldest boys have not yet exchanged little dresses for a distinctively masculine costumer The pretty Christian name of the young wife is as little used as though she had never had it. She is no longer Florence, or Edith, or Susan, but always and everywhere “Mamma,” as though all her womanhood had been con- densed in the one absorbing crucible of the small person she holds in her arms. Even the occasional pet. or darling, or mignonne, which used to slip from the husband’s tongue in moments of inadvertence, t0 the covert amusement of the chance listener, is at present a thing of by-gone days. She is only queen-dowager now, mother of the reigning monarch, and recognized as such by her little world, to the excluding of every other clai on her part for consideration. So with t e youthful father. He was for- merly Frank, Jonathan, or Hezekiah, but these euphonious cognomens are buried be- neath new formations, and as lost to View as the primitive rock under the sparkling mica or the golden_ clinging moss. “Papa likes this,” “ papa disapproves of that,” “ papa‘s will is law," observes, with dignity, the lady of the gentleman who is papa to the midget in the cradle, the wee, round-faced, wrinkled imite in flannel and cambric, who takes so little room and makes so much dispropor- tionate noise in the world. As the children grow older it is singular to notice how the parents caressingly continue to allude to themselves always in the third person when speaking of their oh‘spring. It is : "Mamma never sits with her foot under her, Polly ;” “Papa never wears out the knees of his trousers, Tom;" “Mamma’s feel- ings are hurtI Louise ;” “Papa. is very sorry, but he will be obliged to whip you, Jack.” It does not occur to either of the firm matri- monial that it is quite as straightforward to say, “I will do so and so,” and a. trifle more emphatic and impressive. The adoption of these trifles was at first a sign and corrobor- ation to all the world of the happiness their wearers felt in belonging to the great army of parents. Insensibly the trick of their in- variable use became confirmed, and at last it grew too inveterate to be noticed or dropped even on formal occasions. Pet names of all sorts should be saeredly kept and confined to the privacy of the home. They are not part and parcel of society’s knowledge of us and our ways of living. Married people, as well as others, should pre- serve in public a certain polished propriety of manner consistent with using the Chris- tian name in addressing each other, but, ex- cept to and among intimate friends, rigidly confining mutual allusions to the formal Mr. and Mrs., or the dignified “my husband” and “my wife.” As for papa and mamma, let the children keep them for their own, and so far as the persons themselves are implicated, let them be used at least only in the nursery. â€"Ha1'per’s Bazaar. RITUALIS’I‘IU SKIRMISHES THE TELECTROSCOI’E. PA PA AN I) lVlAlVlL'lA. â€"â€"A man takes a nip before meals in order to wet his appetite. â€"â€"The alleged murderers of Lord Leitrim will not be tried at the next assizes. â€"The new mint on the Thames Embank ment will cover three acres. The cost of the site will be enormous. â€"No less than two hundrefl and eighty maiden ladies are reduced to utter poverty by the Bristol bank failure. -â€"It will cost a million dollars to re- build Duncombe Hall, Lord Feversham’s Yorkshire residence, recently destroyed by fire. ~‘VIr. Sothern is taking six months’ well- earned repose in Italy, and, from what one beats from his friends, is enjoying himself, and in the enjoyment of excellent health. â€"A provincial Journalist in England esti- mates that the articles he has produced during the last twenty-five years make a. total equal in amount to all of Scott’s and Dickens’ novels combined. â€"An exchange says : “ Kerosene will make tea-kettles shine as bright as new." Yes, kerosene will do wonders; it will make a whole house shine so that it can be seen for miles, but it is dreadfully destructive to paint. -â€"'1‘here are those who take up so much time in profession that there is none left in which to practice. They are like the cinnamon tree, for the bark is'the best part of them. â€"Mr. J. A. Rose, of Highland Prairie, Wis., weighs 242 pounds ; so does his Wife ; their twenty~year~old son weighs 211, and a daughter, three years younger. requires a supporting knee of the capacity of 181 pounds. â€"During a. run of the Carlow hounds the other day the master's horse fell at a fence and broke its neck, the whipper’s horse came down at the same obstacle with a. like fatal result, and the huntsman’a fell dead. just be- fore jumping it. â€"To produce the sum yet needed to pay the Glasgow bank creditors will require a call upon the stock of from £7,000 to £10,~ 000 per share. It is scarcely probable that a. single shareholder will pay such a. call and remain solvent. â€"Here is the foundation for a pleasing romance from the London World :â€"“What luck some babies have! A gallant Colonel in the Guards, returning the other night to his chambers in Hawick Palace, found on the doorâ€"step an interesting-looking parcel, and on getting the porter to examine the contents, a fine boy about eighteen months old was re- vealed. What could the colonel do in such weather but give the little fellow shelter and protection ? A charming lady, who has no family of her own, hearing of the incident went to see the little fou‘ndling, who, c'a'p‘ti- â€"The current belief is that the Govern ment will take a. million or a. million and a. half from the surplus funds of the Irish Church in order to provide for the set- ting up of the new machinery in c onnection with their scheme of Irish University educa- 11011. â€"London World :â€"-Since Dean Stanley came back from America. his friends say he is given to transatlanticisms in his utterances. I only know that I read in his little discourse to the Workingmen’s Club last week, apropos of the Jerusalem Chamber and the old story of “Madcap Hal,” that “the King came to himself, and hearing who had taken the crown he thought it was a wild freak of his son ; accordingly he went for him and ad» ministered warnings which had an effect upon the young man.” â€"“ My dearest Maria," wrote a recently married husband to his wife. She wrote back: “Dearest, let me correct either your grammar or your morals. You address me, ‘ My dearsst Maria.’ Am I to suppose that you have other dear Matias 2” ~â€"The first engraving of books in Japan took place in the third month of the first year of Hoki (A. D. 700),when “Darani” (a Buddhist book written in Pall characters). of Hiukuman Towers, was engraged ; but since then we do not hear of any book being en- graved till the third day of the sixth month in the first year of Kuangen (A. D. 1243), when the engraved “Hokekiyo” (a Buddhist book) was offered to the Buddhist gods ; next to itI “Sentnkuska”(the Buddhist book of the J odo sect) and the “Confucian Analects” were engraved one after the other. It was not till the eighth yea; ,o_f ‘Qenr‘oku (A. D. 1695 that the book was printed with five kinds of colors. ' ' ' â€"â€"01iver Wendell Holmes says, “The true girl has to be sought for.” And Oliver is right. We accompanied her to the Centennial Exhibition September two years ago, and becoming separated in the great crowd, we sought for her two and a-half hours before our search was rewarded with success. â€"A cannibal loved a. cunnibalees ; By moonlight oft he used to meet her ; He said : “She’s the height of my happiness I love her so that I could eat her." This cannibal and his cannibaless --At Cleveland Susan G. Furrand has petitioned for a divorce from her husband, aelergymen. She alleges that since their marriage in 1868 she has had to support him, he forcing her to do so by threats that if she did not the Lord would punish her in the next world as well as in this. He failed in thelecturo business, she says, and then got her to set him up as an inventor of a per- petual-motion machine, in which occupation he was speedily reduced to live on turnips and cornmeal ; then he headed a temperance crusade and failed ; then obtained a congregation, but was expelled. She is discouraged. ‘Vere Henry named and Henrietta ; One night they met in their guilelessness, To part no more, for Henry ate her. â€"The Scotch Court of Session has ruled that nshareholder of the City of Glasgow Bank who had bought his stock from the bank at a. time when it was insolvent can- not, by alleging that he was induced to purchase through the fraud of the manager and directors, now rid himself of his liabil- ity, though he might have done so had he brought his action before the bank stopped: â€"â€"The experiment of injecting milk, warm from the cow, into the veins of an apparently dying man has been tried, it is stated. ina Dublin hospital with success. The operators were Drs. Meldon and Macdonnell. The man on whom the operation was made appeared only to have a few minutes to live, so utterly exhausted was he. He has since recovered. So at least we are assured by the Freeman’s Journal. â€"â€"The Key West (Elm) Videttc says : A bonanza has been discovered right here in our barber. It was supposed that the sponge was extinct in this neighborhood, having been gathered years ago, but sudden- ly and by accident it is ascertained that the neighboring bars are teeming with sponge of a superior quality. We are informed by a sponge merchant that a few small boats secured between $8,000 and $10,000 worth oi sponge in two days last week. and all within u-half hour’s sail o! the wharf. â€"“ Pizarro" was a. play. A verdant actor was cast for one of the smaller roles. To him fell the line, “My lord, ’neath yonder palm we have captured a casique. What is your pleasure ?” The fellow, when his one came, rushed upon the stage exclaiming: “My lord, ’neath yonder palm we have captured a. cask. What is your pleasure ?” “ Roll him in," howled the tragedian, “and let‘s burst in the bung.” -â€"So suspicious have the rural folk become since the failure of so many British banks that on the last dividend day at the Bank of England the street was crowded with pro- vincinls in garments of a cut rarely seen in Threadneedle street, who had gone up to London to see for themselves that their money was invested as their bankers had told them. A large force of detectives was on hand to guard against pickpockets. Many of the stockhollers invested the money they drew out in console. MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS- vated no doubt by her beauty and brightness, immediately put out its little arms and en- circled her neck with them. Can any one be surprised that the lady permanently adopted this wait, and this with the entire approval and consent of her husband, who is delighted with the acquisition 1’” â€"-A fare exchangeâ€"Buying 9. railroad ticket. â€"â€"The " cream of society ”â€"â€"those who livc on the surface. â€"â€"Are “ cherry lips," set in a pout A case of “ sweetness long drawn out 5’" â€"â€"The duty on sugar is to use about two lumps to every cup of coffee. â€"What is the need of being told to rise with the lurk? The lark rises about three hundred feet. â€"-Young Indies think they Miss it by not, and many a. married lady thinks she Mrs. it in being married. â€"Twenty-five families of Mennonites in Manitoba cultivate 10,400 acres. â€"“ Wanted : To exchange music lessons for washing ” is an advertisemen in a Chicago paper. -â€"-â€"The LowVChurch party in Dublin have begged Mr. Bob, the great distiller, who has â€"“ Sing a. Song of Sixpence" dates from the sixteenth century, and “ Three Blind Mice” is in a music book dated 1600. â€"The High Church clergy have sent to the Queens. protest against the Duke of Connnught being married in Lent, and ask‘ ing that the wedding be deferred. They forget that the Prince of Wales was mar- ried in Lent by the Archbishop of Canter- bury. â€"A cynical 01d bachelor says : ” Wedlock is like a. bird-cage; those without pack to get in, and those within peck to get out.” â€"0n the leading avenues of Rome the guards nnw patrol the whole length of the way when the King and Queen are expected. -â€"“You’ll never miss the water till the well runs dry.” And there’s a. heap of fel- lows about this town who wouldn’t miss it then. â€"-The brieklayers of Otage, New Zeahmd, have increased the rate of wages to $3.75 a day, and men cannot be obtained for temporary jobs for less than $5. â€"â€"“Ithink our church will last a. good many years yet," said a waggish deacon to his minister; “Isee the sleepers are Very sound." â€"The undertaker smiled serene, Because he knew she would aspire, To light with blazing kerosene The slow, delinquent kit- chen fire, â€"â€"The French soldier is to have gray trous- ers instead of red herefater. â€"The Victoria Parliament proposes spend- ing $250,000 a year in supplying gratis as a supplement to the daily papers a verbatim report of the proceedings. â€"Harvard students break up, at least shorten, morning prayers at chapel, by hiring organ grinders to play outside, or by inducing stray dogs, or by doing other silly things that no shop boy or mechanic would be ass enough to indulge in. â€"The;London Standard’s correspondent says that various prelates in Rome have been lectured about the queer company they keep. and priests have been forbidden to wear lay attire and frequent theatres. The pres- ent Pontifi is a disciplinariam. â€"“ He always kept a sharp pocket-knife and his wife took in washing,” would be a suitable epitaph to inscribe upon the slab of many a deceased bench sitter. â€"“ In making prisoners at all they had violated a. standing order,” says Mr. Forbes, telling how the Ghoorkus had brought 1n several captives. It was lupky that they gave quarter on this occasion, for among the pri- soners was one of the native allles. -â€"Alcohol will clean out the inside of an ink-stand. It will also clean out the inside of a, pocketbook D. little more thoroughly and quicker than anything else on record. â€"Father : “ Good evening, Patsy; it’s a fine moonlight night.” Patsy : “ It is. your Holiness; but it is not to-uight that we want the moon outâ€"its dark nights we want it.” -Double names are said to have been in- troduced into England in the time of James L, and for}. long time confined to the high-born, but Shakespeare tells us that goglben‘y’s constable was named George C. o . They sit by the inglo together, In a silence fur sweeter than soundâ€"- In the silence known only to loversâ€" Unbroken, until, with a. bound,- she spring}; lfrom his side, éjaculating. “ Lawâ€" dy! there‘g a. co‘al of fire popped on to” ‘our new carpet ‘2" ' ’ â€"â€"In Norwnya horse can help himself to water as he does to hay, from a trough kept full of it. and accordingly drinks like a human b‘eing at mealsâ€"a. sip, thexi some hay, and so on. Broken-winded horses are almost unknown in Norway, ' -â€"Up in Lambtau, when a mule gets so lazy that he won’t work more than nine or ten hours a day, they trim his ears down and sell him to some London man for a carriage horse. â€"An English murderer wrote to his mis- tress to send him money for his defense, and she replied that she had none to spareY but hoped they would meet in heaven. â€"â€"Marie Azurine, a trapeze performer, fell in Detroit on Thursday night, missing her hold of the trapeze. She was not expected to live when last heard from. Her collar bone was fractured. â€"â€"The Princess Louise may be a nice young lady, but she doesn’t wear any dia- monds while doing her housework, nor carry a. trail in her hand when out walking. so she is not. entitled to any admiration on this side of the line.â€"St. Albans Advertiser. â€"The sleigh in which Napoleon I. trav- eled in Switzerlana is still in ex1stence. A yet more remarkable relic is the ship in which Charles II. returned to England from Holland at the restoration in 1660. -â€"It is intended to commemorate the cen- tenary of the birth of the poet Thomas Moore on May 28, by a grand musical performance of Irish melodies in Dublin, on a smle soma- whut similar to the Burns Centennial in Scot- land. â€"A lady. engaged to be married, and get- ting sick of her bargain, applied to a. friend to help her to untie the knot before it was too late. “ O certainly," she replied; “ it is very easy to untie it now while it is only a. beau knot.” â€"It is stated, in proof of the assertion tha. worry kills more people than work, that the Quakers, on account of their peaceful ways. live ten years longer, on the average, than other people. â€"-â€"A Newfoundland dog at Ridgewood, N. J., seized a little child by its clothes and dragged it from the railroad track just in time to prevent it from being killed by a. passing train. â€"A genius down east has applied for a patent for washing butter in brine. We sup- pose some inventor, one of these days, will apply fora patent to cover butter that is washed in pure water. â€"The Vatican is to have its own journal, published in Italian, French, English. Ger- man and Spanish. All the Papal briefs and allocutions in the original text, but with translations, will appear in it. â€"If the scandal about you is true your bet- ter way is to talk yourself nearly to death in order to convince men that it is false. If it is false you can afford to keep still and allow to die of its own poison. -â€"A clmlice and paten presented to Trinity (Episcopal) church, Princeton, N. Y.. in memory of the late Mr. Thomas Potter, is studded with gems to the number of 900â€"- diamonds, lapis lazuli, etc. WORLD WIDE NE “'5. so magnificently restored Christ, Church Cathedral, tn concur in the removal of the mod screen which shocks their advanced Pm- testantism. Mr. Roe emphatically declines to be any party to such a course. WHY HE DID IT. â€"But two locks of George Washington’s hair are known to be in existence. One is owned and kept in a golden um by the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts, and the other has just been presented to Lodge No. 4, A. F. and A. M., of Richmond, which is the lodge in which Washington was initiated. â€"â€"Lotta, the actress, earns money very rapidly, but is often unfortunate in her in- vestments. She was induced by the advice of several Californians, several years ago, to put $50,000 into a worthless gold mine. Leurningthat her advisers were bribed by the man of whom she bought the stock, she has sued him to recover the money. â€"The St. Gothard tunnel is now the long- est tunnel in the world, the length, bored from both sides, reaching a total of 13,481 yardsâ€"23 yards longer than the Mont Cenis. Very nearly 3,000 yards remain to be excu- vuted. Most of the labourers employed in the galleries are Italians. They work night and day in shifts of eight hours mph, anti their Work is described'as being terribly $9; vere. The heat is so great that they can wear no clothes whatever. They return to the mouth of the tunnel streaming with pets- piration, their faces are yellow and ghastiy, they cannot bear the light of the sun, they walk with bent shculders, and stagger as if carrying burdens too heavy for their strength. They are nevertheless said to be cheerful, and even merry. They support their hard hit without repining. and save money. â€"-Scene: Fancy hosiery. Facetious youth (to shop-girl)â€"" I suppose you have allkinds of ties here, miss ‘I" Shop-girlâ€"“ Yes, I believe we have sir. What kind would you like to see ?” Facteous youth (winking to his sweetheart).-“ Would you supply me with a pigs'ty ‘3” Shop-glrlâ€"“ With pleasure. sir. J ust hold down your head and I’ll take your measure." Tableau. â€"George Wooly, of Prior's Lee, Shrop- shire, sent his wife to the publicAhouee for some rum. The oven was full of bread, just; baked. and during her absence he went to take out the loaves, when he found one of them cracked right across. “He know im- mediately that something had happened to her, and on going to look for her found her body lying in a pool of water.” â€"â€"During their trial the City of Glasgow Bank Directors were permitted on Sunday to go out into the country in a. closed carriage to take the air, a fact which moved an English paper to ask ” whether there is no governor’s garden Within the walls of the Telbooth ; and whether a. tinker, indicated fozvlarceny, would be taken for an airing in the case of his trial extending over that day." -â€"Torture still exists in Paris. Sworn evi- dence in the Lanterne libel suit evoked the fact that subordinate police officials feel an- thorized to torture prisoners so as to obtain confessions. The ligotta is most aflectedâ€" tying the wrists with wet cords which are twisted till the blood spirts on} ; heating with staves and kicking is also resorted to. If the prisoned does not confess under this treatment he is dismissed as innocent. -â€"There are now 143 daily newspapers in Great Britain, as against 151 last year. Eighteen are published in London, 85 in the provinces, 2 in Wales, 21 in Scotland. 16 in Ireland, and 1 in Jersey. Seventy-eight are morning papers and 65 evening: 70 are pub- lished at a penny, 63 at a half-penny,a11d the remainder (10) at prices varying: from lid to 3d. 64 are returned as liberal. 37 as Conser- vative, and 42 as independent or neutral. â€"â€"Nocton Parish. Lincoln, is a. particularly healthy place. Its population is just over 600; acreage, 5,310; subsoil limbstune ; land various. In the last three ycars there have been twenty-one burials in all. eleven of chil. than under six months, three of persons over eighty, three of persons between seventy and eighty, two of children of nine. and one each of twenty-five and fifty-five, one of these last being killed by an accident and the other dying of the consequences of an accident. â€"â€"In no country under the sun is educa- tional discipline enforced with such rigor as in the Celestial Empire. A young Chinaman at Phillip’s Academy, Andover, is exceedingly backward in his studies. The faculty of the school sent an official notification of this fact to the Chinese Government, at whose ex- pense the blackhead if being educated. The Government acted promptly and vigorously. Its instructions were brief and comprehen- sive: “Send him home and we’ll behead him.” â€"â€"A correspondent of the Neilgherry Ea:- cclsior tells of a tiger cub which is in the habit of smoking up all his master's cigar stumps. He secures those luxurious hits as they are thrown away, and after his master has retired to bed “ gets a. light ” from the kitchen, and enjoys a quiet smoke every night. “ Mehemet Ali.” he says, “ used to have a tame animal of this iraseible species, to which he regularly handed over his hookah after enjoying his after-dinner sedative. The animal waited patiently for his turn, and then pufled away. * ‘ ‘ ' â€"It is a curious fact that more persons die of diphtheria in the healthy districts of Eng- land than in those where tl‘e general mortali- ty is higher. In the healthy distriets‘.‘ out '0‘, 100,000 persons born, 2,029 died of this dis- ease ; while in the less healthy districts, such as Liverpool, the deaths from diphtheria amount to only 441. On the other hand, the deaths from scarlet fever in the health districts number 2,140, while in Liverpool they are 3,830 out of every 100,000 ‘born.’ The best" medical authorities assert that the disease has existed from the earliest days of medical history, but it has become much more virulent in modem times. â€"In the British House of Lords there is one Roman Cafiholic Duke, Norfolk. and two Marquises and four Earls of the same faith the latter six being ,converts. The Duke of Norfolk is premier Duke and Earl of Eng- land. Viscount Gormanstown, premier Via count of Ireland, and Lord Mowbray, Segrave and Stourton, premier Baron of England, are also Roman Catholic Baronets, and the heirs of two Protestant Earls are Roman Catholics. â€"" Can a. man belong to a brass hrmd and be a Christian? ” asks an exchange. We see no impediment in the way. But if he is given to practicing at home, it is an utter im- possibility for the man living next door to be a Christian, â€"It is generally supposed that Heels. is a volcano in Iceland, and the largest one there. It now turns out that there is no such moun- tain on the island. The volcano is Hekla, and it is not the largest, either, although it is the most frequent in its eruptions. It is 5,108 feet high, while waa Jokull, another volcano, is 6,490 feet high. â€"In clearing away the debris in the vicin- ity of Temple Bar the workmen chanced on a bottle of wine, something like the smaller Schledam flagons yet in use in Holland in its shape. and be lutifully iridescent, its original- ly dark colored glass showing signs of the ac- tion of the fire. The wine within is of a. pale rudy tint, and only a spoonful of it has evap- orated. It is evidently a red wine and may date as far back as 1719, judging from the neighborhood in which if. was found. â€"-A Montrealer has made his fortune by renting houses for immoral purposesY owning property in every ward in the city but two. He is at present contesting an assessment for taxes where a high valuation was made by the city on the ground that he exacted exor- bitant rents from his tenants and that his ownership depreciated the value of his neigh- bors’ holdings. This is the same worthy citizen who, according to a court decision, cannot be libelled, no matter what is said of Mary had a little lamp; Her lover, all serene, Extinguished it, for he did not \Vunt any caress seen. What makes the youth love Mary 30 ? I’ll tell youâ€"she’s a. catch; And he put out the lamp you know, That; he might strike a match.