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1311111111111 1111'. TS CHARACTER AND COMPOSI- TION CONSIDERED. ._.._..._ A Few Convincing Comparisonsâ€"What Dias Been Done With the Money Spent â€"flow Deficit Cartwright Negotiated Mansâ€"(Diner Matters. "The Globe again returns to the charge that the Government has extravagantly increased the public debt. Here is the case in a few plain words, and let The Globe or the Grit party deny the facts pro- duced if they can : At the time of Confederation the Gen tral Government assumed the debts of the Provinces which, at that time, entered the confedersay. Each Province which has since been created or brought into the Dominion has brought with it or been al- lowed afixed sum by way of debt; and mrtain readjustments of the Provincial debts have since taken place, which have added to the debt of the Dominion what otherwise would have been debts of the Provinces, and what, therefore, is a mere matter of account changing from the Pro- vincial to the Dominion ledger, and is nor AN INCREASE. TO THE nunnsxs of the people generally. Then at the time of Confederation, and as a condition of it, the Government were bound to construct the Intercolonial Railway, Mr. Brown’s favourite (lit-1.11.171 being that Confederation was worth the price of six Intercolonial Railways. The irovernment was al- so bound, as a compensation to the Upper Provinces, to enlarge the canals. as soon as the finances of the Dominion would permit, and as this enlargement, so far as the Welland and Cornwall Can- als were concerned, was undertaken by the Mackenzie Government, THE LIDIERALS CANNOT COIlS’LAIN that it was undertaken too soon. \Vhen the North-“’est was purchased, the neces- sity for large expenditure with a. view to its development was admitted, and when British Columbia was brought into the Confederation. it Was on the condition of the construction of a railway uniting the Pacific Ocean with the railway system of Canada, the work to be at once commenced and continued until completion within ten years. All these obligations have been SANC’I‘IUNIED uv PEOPLE at several general elections. In the light of these obligations the increase in thc .ublic debt is not only easily explained, lint is completely justified. The Public Accounts of 1885 6 have not yet bccn pub- lished, but Mr. Blake has made a calcula- lion showing that the net public debt is now $220,000,000. That may be assumed as correct for the purposes of this state- ment. Here, then, is un ANALYSIS OF THE DEB . Not drbt as stated by Hon. Mr. Plikc..$220,000,000 Dr-duct provinmal debts assumcf by the Dominion Government. under the Union Act, 18 , and subsrquent adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107,000,000 TIIE (1nd there remains as strictly Federal (lcbt increase since 1867 . . . . . . . . . . . . $113,000,000 S’) that the net increase of the public debt emnccted with the obligations as- sumed by the people of Canada as a con- ditiou of Conivdrration, is $113,000,000. Now, there has been spent on the Cana- dian Pacific R'iilway, including 1118 final exchange of money for lands reLurned, and upon the Intercolonial Railway with it! necessary connections and terminal facilities, the sum of 8§l03.000,000. The payments to the Pacific Railway were in the exact terms of the contract of 1881. which was sanctioned by the people at the elections of 1882, with the execution that 810.00”,000 more in cash, and about 7,000,000 acres less in land has been given as a condition of the completion of the railway five years before the time fixed by the cont act. \Ve have thus TEE \VIIOLE INCREASE ACCUUNTEI) FOR except $10,000,000, and that is more than accounted for by the Cartwright deficits, the ” shaves” or. the Cartwright loans and the purchase money of the North-“Vest Territories. Here is e statement on that head :â€" Ncbt dubt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......... $220,000,000 made up lib follows :~ l‘io\‘.m-ial (10le assumed by the Do- nzinizm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $107,000.000 Moneys expound on railways. . . . . . 10L§,o<.1_1.000 TvIOIl('._\' for 111111le 1,500,000 Sir llivliuru Lu. . . . . . 4,510,000 Sir liil'll .rd Cami. is on loans obtained . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.800,000 $220,800,000 That lmvss all the expenditures on the canals, on 1119 improvements in lighting the lakes and the St. Lawrence. the erection of public buildings in various parts of the Dominion. llie subsidies to branch rail- ways, all mut- WITHOUT ovr. 11111.1.11‘. '1‘111: l'Ul.I.lC 0F INCREASE T0 1111111‘. The extent of this expenditure will appear from the following taken from the public records sub nil. oil to Parliament, and 1101; including thtryfore, the expenditure of the la-t your : Canal: . . . . . . Light houses ' "1111911. . . Gururiuiw‘. luiill?1_ I. d mi ous public “‘0.le . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,147,3’1 Totll . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $411,705,271} So that there has bran expended on these public works, in (‘XNESS of addidons to the public (101)». 111», large sum of fifty mil- lions of Collar». 11‘ IS A insulin to treat this debt. as if it was a mortgage upon a farm, ihe principal of which had to be paid. 111 1885 some. thirty millions of dollars of our debt fell due. It lore 5 per cent. interest. Sir Leonard Tilloy went to England and procured its rc- newal for another thirty years at 4 per Cent, so that the debt falling due, instead of being an embarrassment, has resulted in an important reduction of annual ex- penditure for the country. The measure of the burden of the debt is T111“. ANNI‘AL INTEREST CHARGE. The net interest per head of the popula- tion in 1868 was $1.29. In 1873, the end of the first Conservative term, it was $1.3l. an increase of two cents per head. [11 1878, the end of the clear Grit term, it had risen to $1.58, an increase of twenty- rcven cents per head, in spite of the fact that the Mackenzie Government left no public works completed to mark the era of their administration 1 And, assuming the net debt at $22.),000000, as Mr. Blake uts it, the interest per head is now 1.63, an increase in eight years of 5 cents per head, with the canal enlargement completed, the Canadian Pacific Railway finished and already developing an enor- mous trade, and large additions in the norm of branch lines and increased ter- minal facilities made to the Intercolonial Railway 1 The simple question which the elector has to put to himself in connection with this increase in the public debt is this : Is the completion of the Canadian (E’acific Railway, with all the incidental advantages connected with it, worth an additional tax of 5 cents per head of the pgpulation of the Dominion ? There can no doubt about the answer that will be given to that question. AS AN OFF-SET TO THIS INCREASE, B may be stated that applying the rates on passengers and freight charged by the miln’ays in 1875, to the traffic now carried, 3 will be found that the people are SAVING $12,000,000 A YEAR, which is very much more than the interest upon the gross public debt of Canadaâ€" as the result of the enlarged railway facili- ties and increased competition produced by the policy of the Government. best proof that the expenditures made by the Government, and which have resulted in the increase in the debt of Canada, have been wise expenditures is shown by the FINANCIAL STANDING OF THE DOMINION, in the money markets of the world. Sir Richard Cartwright put 4 per cent. loans on the market in 1874 and in 1876, for the aggregate sum of 831,633,333. He rea- lised for them $28,084,770. thus suffering a “shave” of $3,568,563, gr 11.28 per cent. Sir Leonard Tilley in 1885 exchanged 5 per cents. for 4’s, which was equivalent to putting a. loan on the market for the sum of $31,356,595. and he realised $30,- 930,651, a “shave” of $426,944, or 1.36 per cent. Sir Leonard Tilley put a special loan on the market in 1885 for the same amount as Sir Richard Cartwright’s loan of 1874 namely, $19,466 666. The Cartwri ht loan, after paying all charges, only rea ised within 82.208329 of par, the discount, therefore, beingll.34 per cent. The Tilley loan realised within $140,433, the discount, after deducting charges. being but seven-tenths of 1 per cent. ; and to-day Canadian securities in England sell in the open market at 13 per- cent. higher than during Sir Richard Cartwright’s ad- ministration of the finances. But ONE MORE COMPARISON may be made. The Conservative party has been in power since Confederation fifteen years and the Liberals five. Here is a comparative statement of the increase of the public debt during the periods of the two parties respectively :â€" Increasc strictly Federal debt . . . . . . . . . $113,000,000 Increase Grit period, 1874-78, 5 years” 40,200,000 lucrcw e Liberal Conservative periods, 156mg, 1879‘86,15years . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,800,000 Average in( use per annum, Grit period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,000,000 Average increase per aimum, Liberal Conservative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.800.000 It must be remembered that the ap parently rapit increase during the last five years is due to the fact that the con struction of the Canadian Pacific Ra lway has been crowded into five years instead of ten, as was provided by the contract. No business man will say that the advan- tage to Canada of the early construction of the railway does not immeasurably MORE THAN 00 MPENSATE for this increase. The large undertakings are now completed, and the next five years, it may fairly be assumed, will wit uses no further material increase in the public debt. 9â€"4.»- THE PRESENT T111116. The battle for Protection and against Free Trade must be fought out mainly on the facts of the present time, as distinguished from It is important to realize this, for it is an impression with some people that Protection is something belonging to the past chiefly, whereas Free Trade is thcsyslem of the present and the future. the facts of time long gone by. Never was there a greater mistake as lo the cold facts of acase The truth is that the cause of Pro- tection has been a gaining one and that of Free Trade a losing one for rather more than a quarter of a cenâ€" tury back. The Free Trade cause touched its culminating point about 1860, when Cobden got the seals and signatures allixcd to the Anglo French Al- though England conceded a great deal and France very little by this treaty, yet it was hailed by Free Traders as a great step in advance, and the sure promise of greater things soon to be. Not so much what it was in itself, but what it was certainly expected to lead to, was what made English Free Traders it. They have since had good reason to remember the event, for it was almost the last gleam of sunshine upon the darken- ing prospects of their cause. Soon afterwards came the Ameri- can Civil War, and with it a great change, which proved to be most em- phatically not in favor of Free Trade. The National Parliament, freed from the presence of the slave-holders who had formerly ruled it, quickly de- clared itself for Protection, and high Protection at that, on a scale larger than over before known in the world. English Free Traders accepted the unwelcome fact as something that could not be helped, as one of the commercial treaty. enthusiastic over stern necessities of war, but felt con- soled by the reflection that it was for a time only, and that when the war But after the war, which lasted only four the years rapidly away, and still the Morrill As spread and grow stronger in the United States, so did the cause of high Protection. was over it would be over, too. years, following rolled tariff remained. manufactures Things worked in a circle somewhat as follows: The more manufactures grew and spread, the greater became the voting popu~ ‘ lation devoted to supporting the policy that created work and bread The greater that this vot- ing population of Protectionist workâ€" for them. ingmen became, the stronger the Protectionist system became in Cou- It must, however, be added that there was an interruption to this kind of progress, lasting about four years, say from 1882 to 1886. During their long reign at \Vashiug- ton the Republicans had been guilty of many mistakes, aye, and of things many which wore nothing grass. short of ciimcs against the nation. On the strength of their exposure of Republican misdemeanors in office the Democrats obtained a majority in Congress; and this majority of theirs they used, not so much to en force purity of administration as to attack the high protectionist. The result was certain tariff changes during the session of 1883, which did some good to England and some harm to the United States. Followipg The - this the reaction came. and tlc strength to which it had attained a few months ago was indicated by some results of the Congressional elections last fall, when several con- spicuous Free Trade candidates were defeated, although counted strong men in their respective districts. The fire of reaction against the temâ€" porary success of the Free Traders is now burning brighter every week that passes,- and it is among things, morally certain that the Presidential election contest of 1888 will wind up with the greatest Protectionist tri- umph and the worst Free Trade defeat that has been known since 1861. Turn we again to the Continent of Europe. Under Imperial despotism, or something very like it, France had evinced a disposition just to co- quette a little with the English Free Trade system. But the thing was held in abomination by the French people generally ; and, when the Republic succeeded to the Em- pire, France went back to Protec- tion unqualified. There was Cob- den’s labor lost, and both at home and abroad it was recognized that France had forever slipped away from even the semblance of being a convert in prospect to the Free Trade system. In Germany Bisâ€" maer fell under the Free Trade delusion for a brief time, having got it into his head that it must be a money-making system for any na- tion, seeing that it had been adopted by England, the greatest commercial nation in the world. But a few yiiars’ time sufficed to convince 1111-11 that he had made a grand mistake, and soon Germany, as well as France, was forever 10le as a convert to the cause of Free Trade. But as France and Germany both go, in any such matters as that of commercial policy, so also will go the whole Continent of Europe. With one or the other of these two leading nations each one of the rest sym- pathizcs more or less. And what ever system of commercial policy is adopted by both of them and ad- hered to, will certainly spread from Lisbon to Moscow, and from the Baltic to the Black Sea. But France and Germany are the foremost na- tions of Continental Europe for manufactures, and ma- Far be- fore them both, in all these respects, stands the United States of America; and thus we see the three greatest commercial nations of the world, outside of England, thoroughly and finally committed to Protection. Is there a Free Trader who can or dare contradict these facts? But if the facts cannot be contradicted, what inference can be drawn from them other than thisâ€"â€"â€"that in these modern days, and in this present time in which we live, Protection is the gaining and Free Trade the losing cause in the civilized world? We have no more space than will suffice to make mere mention of the rising star of Protection in the Australian colonies, and the rapidity with which Free Trade is losing its grip on even New South Wales, formerly its stronghold in that part of the globe. Fifteen or twenty years ago so competent an observer as Sir Charles Dilke visited Australia, and he recorded his belief that all “ Greater Britain,” as he called it, was inevitably destined to become Protectionist. The London Times endorsed his views, and said that, beyond all doubt, he had truly read the signs. Old Canada adopted Protection in 1858. Then came a fall- in g away at thetime of Confederation. But the reaction came, and what the events of 1878 and 1879 were we need not here repeat. The Mother Country may adhere to Free Trade, for how long nobody knows ; but it is written in the book of fate that, with all her colonies, Protection must follow hard after self-government. In the face of all this, what reason have those babblers to give who would have us believe that over the world Free Trade is the advancing system of the present and the future, while Protection is the fading system of the past? Exactly the reverse is the truth ; Free Trade is the system that is fading away from the civilized world, while all the great commercial nations (England alone excepted) are becoming more Protectionist every year. Take this one great fact, that, taking the United States, the British Colonies and the Continent of Europe together, the average of duties col- lected on imported goods is very much higher than it was in Cobdcn’s time, or say thirty years ago. No mortal man can contradict this fact ; and now let the right inferences be drawn from it. commerce, lerial progress generally. .___.._.NHâ€"â€"_ THE (home‘s deacon holds that Sir Chmll- ’l‘upper cannot be a total ab- stan -:cause he purchased certain glass- W111“. 151- the purpose of entertaining Eng- lish gentlemen as they are wont to be en- tertained. Sir Charles is notoriously a total abstainer. Perhaps the deacon nevei entertains gentlemen. THE FARMERS AND THE N. P. _When' The Globe says that the farmers’ have not benefitted by the National Policy, it betrays gross ignorance of the subject. We hold the following to be indisputable ; viz., that the imposition of a duty on foreign grains has had the effect of' shutting out of our markets a large quantity of American. grain, which would otherwise havecome into com- petition with home grown cereals. We prove this by the trade returns, which show not imports as fol- lows :â€"- V I SUPPLEMEMW. , 1878. 1885. Barley, bush. . . . . . 26,204 14,717 Oats, bush . . ._ . . . . . 2,071,513 251,983 , Rye, hush . . . . . . . . _ 110,228 63 Corn, bush. . . . . ...3,400,562 1,519,740 Wheat, bush. . . . . . 1,519,703 373,009 Peas, bush........ 9,584 2,130 7,137,794 2,161,732 Of these six cereals, therefore, five million bushels less was imported in 1885 than in 1878, giving the Cana- dian farmer an enlarged market to that extent. Then again’the enormous growth of the export live stock and farm produce trade tell a story that no amount of sophistry can gainsay. These figures are :â€" 1878. 1883. Cattle, head . . . . . . 29.925 143,003 Sheep, head . . . . . . 242.989 335,043 Eggs, dozen . . . . . . 5,262 920 11,542 703 Hay, tons........ 17.269 134,938 Cheese, lbs . . . . . . 38,054,294 79,655,367 Finally one other evidence of the prosperity of the farmer under the National Policy may be instanced, namely, the increase in the value of farm lands, farm buildings, etc., in the Province of Ontario, the figures being supplied by the Bureau of In- dustries :â€" 1886. 1882. Farm land! ..$848.009.823 $632,342,500 Buildings .. . 183,748,212 132,711,575 Implements ,. 50,550,936 37,029,815 Live stock. . . ._ 107,208,035 80,540,720 $989,547,911 $882,624,610 It is abundantly manifest from the facts related above that the farmers of Canada have enjoyed a very great degree of prosperity under the pre- sent tarifl‘, and that direct advantages of the utmost value have been de- rived by them from its operation. SIR JOHN’S ADDRESS. Sir John A. Macdonald has issued the following address to the electors It will be read with interest by Conservatives every- of Kingston. where :â€" OTTAWA, 29th January, 1887. GENrLsMss :â€" Havmg represented the City of Kings- ton in Parliament for thirty-rour years to the best of my ability, at the request of many of your most prominent and best citizens I again offer myself as a candidate for your suffrages. I appeal with con- fidence to all my old friends, and their sons, and the sons of those who have gone to their rest, to again rally round me and give me that cordial support which I was wont to receive in the old Limestone City in days gone by. My record as a public man is doubtless well known to you, and if on this, possibly the last occasion on which I may ask for the support of any constituency, you can conscientiously give me your support I shall be deeply grate- ful. Believe me, Faithfully yours. JOHN A. MACDONALD. THE DEBTS COMPARED. 1887. 1878. GRIT sum. 1 oousan’vr RULE. Average increase Average increase of debt .per an- I of debt per anâ€" num. num. $8,000,000. $4,800,000. D e ficits under | S u r plus under Grit rule. C onservative rule. $9,500,000. $19,500,000. ODD NOTES That no to Show Ihc Standing of the Two Parties. General capitulation to the Yankees in the shape of abandoned fishing rights, abandoned factories, abandoned works, abandoned food, abandoned armaments, abandoned nationality, abandonment all along the line, is not a policy to suit the young men of Canada, yet it appears to be the only policy the Grits are advo eating. ' I am a Protectionist from the crown of my head to the soles of my feetâ€"T. V. Powderly, Grand Master Workman of the Knights of Labor. The gain the farmers have made is large ly due to the increase in the foreign trade of the Dominion, the enhanced prosperity the country over, that the National Policy has produced. At the port of Montreal alone the tonnage of ocean-going vessels has more than doubled since 1878. Here are the figures :â€" OCEAN VESSELS ARRIVED AT MONTREAL. Number. Tonnage. 1886.......... . . . . . . 703 809,699 1885....J. . . . . . . .... 629 683.854 1873................ 516 397.266 1877................ 513 376,859 No wonder the rate of freight from Montreal to Liverpool has declined to the advantage of all exporters, when the ten- nage of vessels seeking outward freight as increased more than one hundred per cant. in eight years. In Quebec city, September 9th. 1881’ Hon. Mr. Blake indulged in a long tirade against the National Policy, and concluded by saying his "Policy was one which sought to cement all parts of the Dominion not by a forged bond (the N. P.,) not by enacting where each province shall obtain its necessary raw material, but to render ,_ 1.... ..... .. ,_.-. all classes in the Dominion free to trade as they please." The N. P. says :, “Trade 1.. Canada when ydu cm. Buy“ your manufactures in Canada. Buy your food supply In Canada.” Mr. Blake says: “No; you should be free to buy :‘wher-e- ever, you please."_ i ' i V The amount of overdue commercial paper held in the banks forms a pretty accurate indicator of the condition of gene- ral business at the time. Now, let us go back a few years, and see how this'applial by comparison with rafliairs to-‘day. The amountii of overdue commercial paper during the Grit Administration were three times as large as they are today, as fol- lows :â€" 1875, overdue on each $100 . . . . . . . . $4 72 1876 “ “ “ 430 1877 “ “ “ 4 45 1878 “ ", “ 4 56 0‘ ' H u ... . 4 1886 u ' u " $3,103 SOME POLITICAL POINTERS. Mr. Blake and his friends have made this much pretty plain, that their strategy is to kill the National Policy by inches. The Canadian people are not likely to give them the chance. “ I am a National Policy man. Those who do not agree with me on that subject. though they may support me on others, will fail life on the point which is more essential and more important to the future prosperity of Canada than any subject that can be submitted to the Legislature of a nation."â€"Sir John A. Macdonald. Ladies, if you want to be still able to buy cheap tea and coffee, urge your fathers, husbands and brothers to vote for the party pledged to keep these articles which you use every day free of customs duty. General capituletion to the Yankees in the shape of abandoned fishing rights, abandoned factories, abandoned work, abandoned food, abandoned armaments, abandoned nationality, abandonment all along the line, is not a policy to suit the young men of Canada. Why should a duty which has rendered the country a real service be repealed or reduced unless it -.is intended that the foreign manufacturer shall thereby secure more ready access to our markets? If experience shows that it has harmed no person but this foreign manufacturer why should any loyal Canadian agree to sur- render one hair’s breadth of its patriotic provisions ? SUPERAN) UA'l‘IONS. The Grit orator, engaged in misrepre‘ sentation, the only work which can give him hope to deceive the electorate, rejoices in the superannuation expenditure. He rolls it as a sweet morsel under his tongue, declares it to be an evidence of the corrup- tion of this Government, and cries “ Turn the rascals out 1” He uses only the fact that there is seen in the accounts the re- ceipts from officials $50,000, payments to superannuated officers $200,000 ; but care- fully passes over the other fact that there is in almost every case'a saving, which in the accounts does not appear at the Credit of the superannuation fund, and which cannot be detected unless each case is taken up and followed to its conclusion as hereinafter shown. Usually the person superannuated is well advanced in life; he has served out his usefulness and is at the head of his class, drawing its highest salary. He is given a sum proportionate to his length of service, and the officer next to him in the class below is moved up, but at the mini« mum saPary, and so on to the third class, in which there would be a vacancy to be filled at the minimum salary. For ex- ample : A chief clerk at the head of his class with a salary of $2 400 is superannu- ated after twenty years’ service, his allow« ance will be $960 per annum; then the enior first-class clerk, drawing $1,800 per salmon, is made a chief clerk at the same salaryâ€"with the right to increase in twelve years to $2,400 ; the secondmlass clerk at the top of his class, at a salary :of $1,400, is made first-class with the same salary, and the third-class clerk at the top of his class at $1,000, is made second- class at $1,100, and a third-class clerk appointed at $400 per annum. The action will then show the following re- sult :â€" I’cr Annum. The official retired had a salary of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,409 He retires upon . . . . . . . . . . . . $960 The third-class made second receives an increase . . . . . . 100 And the new appointment. . 400 Total.................. 1,460 Showing a saving per year of $940 which is lessened by the annual increment of $50 a yearâ€"but as a rule there is a. saving until the superannuation ceases by death. 1n many cases there is no ap- pointment for some time of a third-class clerk, or there may be no promotions from one class to anotheréncne of the clerks having reached the head of their class, and in other cases the superannuation is in consequence of the abolition of an office, where, of course, the saving by superan- nuation is much greater. The Act requires that each sesion there shall be laid before Parliament 3 return showing the persons superannuated during the year, the retiring allowances, and whether the vacancies have been filled or not. Take :Athe return of last ession as detailed by the Minister of Finance (see page 43 Budget Speech) :â€" The persons superannu- ate’d during the year had salaries amounting to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The allowances to them were . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $18, 300 And gratuities. . . . . . . 2568 And new appointments. 15,763 $42,384 Total . . . . . . . ......... $36,691 $5,693 And yet there is not a Grit orator in the country that will utter a word about this savingâ€"the result of which is that, the average salary now paid in the service is loss than it was in 1878. The Civil Service Commission, a few years ago, had a calculation made of the whole operatic-1s.“ the Act in every De- Shcwing a saving of. . . ." .4 4445 I 'i l 1’ € W i- I l' rt, " W. READ THE mom. .._â€"_â€". NATIONAL P01111118. THliFlllTlllllGHT TARIFF: â€"â€" THE TWO POLICIES CONTRASTED. UNDER REVENUE TARIFF. Period 1875 to 1878. No Canadian Pacific railway. Only 6,484 miles of railway in Canada. Railway receipts weekly diminishing. Four per 0.11. .. bonds of Canada quoted at 6 below par. Cartwright could only get £91 for each £100 bond. Cartwright had to pay four and a half million dollars in shaves to the money brokers for his loans. Credit of the country down and going down rapidly. Net interest on public debt, $1.59 per head in 1878. Net increase of interest paid per head during period 25 cents more in 1879 than in 1873. Increase of net interest every year of period. Depression everywhere in Canada. Business at a standstill. Real estate lower than ever before known. Stocks or public companies away down below par and hard to dispose of. Bank and Dominion note circulation ile- creasing. Discounts decreasing. Their liabilities average 327,000.000 a year. Savings bank deposits dwindling month after month. ‘ Nine thousand traders fail in five years. I through the poverty of the people. Cities increasing in wealth and popula- tion slowly or not at all. Soup kitchen business lively. Artisans without work. ‘ Insurancesâ€"fire and lifeâ€"being dropped 1 .l Laborers out of work demanding bread. ; Their children starving ; clothing dear, and no money to buy it with. Everything banks, public companies, languishing: Railways, and general _ business. The people rise in their might and turn out the Grits in 1878. Exit the party of hypocrisy. UNDER NATIONAL P011181. Period 1880 to 1880. Canadian Pacific Railway finished. Nearly 12,000 miles of railway in Can- ads. Railway receipts weekly increasing. though rates much lower. Four per cent. bonds quoted at above par. ' Confidence and a buoyant spirit through- out Canada. Business brink and sales lively. Real estate bringing high prices. Stocks bringing good prices and abovt par. Bank and Dominion note circulation in- creasing. ._...‘ Discounts increasing. Only six thousand traders fell in all years, with 30 per cent. increase in num- ber of traders. Their liabilities average only $10,000,- 000 a year. Savings bank deposits increasing month after month. Insurancesâ€"~51“ and lifeâ€"greatly In,- creaaed every year over preceding year. Cities increasingâ€"rapidly in wealth and population. Soup kitchen industry gene into ll- sclvency for want of applicanfi. Artisans fully employed. Laborers at work on good wag”. Good prospects for the boy- aria; clothing cheap and money plentiful. Everything active; Railway earning! greatly increased; bank business de- veloped; great increase in number In- corporated companies: and general bait ness thriving. â€"..â€" 1882â€"People again endorse the National Party. __ 1837â€"People will do as they did in 1882 and in 1878. only much more IO. Sir Leonard gets a premium of £1 1. Sid for each £100 band. He secured his hillâ€"lean at a gain in premiums of $122,000. 1 3 "â€"â€" Credit of the country up and rising rapidly. Net interest per head (in 1885), 81.59, though fifty-three and a half million dollars has been added to the public debt or public improvements. Net interest per head remains the sauna ($1.59) in 1885 as it was in 1879. Decrease of net interest every year of period except 1885-6. when to complete the Canadian Pacific railway five year“ before contract time the what. 3f this subsidy was paid. MW . , , r 4.... ... pertinent dealing with each superannua- tion. and the result showed a. saving as v follows:â€" Inthc Department of Finance. .8 48,574 73 “ “ A g richâ€" ture .. 18,010 12 " " I n l a n d Revenue 42,570 78 u " P u bl i 0 Works. 21,014 98 “ " Marine & Fisherlel 30,263 86 I. ‘I San‘ State.. 5,482 40 “ “ Interior" 6,893 78 " " Customs. 177,398 73 Total aving . . . . . . . . . . . . . $350,209 38 From which deduct loss in the Dept. Railways a n d Canals . . . . . . . . . . $23,025 00 From which deduct loss in the Dept. Militia and De- fence . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,725 10 From which deduct loss in the Dept. Post Office. . . . . . 6.107 40 32,857 50 Showing at the time a not saving of ..... ......8317.351 88 This is the statement given and pub lished by that commission. and yet when the Grit is crating he overlooks it, but is very particular to select some cases where a small sum was paid into the fund and a larger drawn out, and makes no attempt to follow the ease through the records to see what changes it led to, and whether the result was a gain or A loss to the country. In England the system is in operation without any tax on the officlal during the period he is drawing his salary, and it is considered of great value in maintaining efliclency and economy. It is true that the Act may be abused and, as it was on the statute book all the period of Mr. Mackenzic’s time, we may infer that he kept it there, either for efli- clency of the Service or for corruption, or for both, as suited the party. party purpose, rewards for faithful parâ€" ists. For example, two postmasters in the Lower Provincesâ€"one superannuqu on the lrtJuly, 1875, and the other 1st July, 1876, each only 62 years of age, but put aside at an expense, up to lat January, 1887, of thirty-two thousand five hundred and fifty'oue dollsii‘s, and both vacancies filled by Grit editor ; Ellis, of The Globe, and 151 ekadsr, of The Halifax Recorder-.1 During last session a return was made to Parliament of all on the superannuation list at Int J anuary, 1886, the date when placed on. and the amount drawn. In that return there are the names of seventy-nine persons, averaging 00 years and 5 months supex‘auuuated by Mr. Mackenzie in his 1 five years, who had drawn four hundred and one thousand, six hundred and nine dollars, some as high as $24,579. or an average by each one of $5,083. Thou - seventy-nine persons had only paid into I the fund the average sum of 3137, draw- ing cut thirty-seven dollars for every dollar paid in ; whilst in Sir John’s Ad- ministration of double the number 0! years, the average paid to each person on the list as superannuated by him is $2,- 125, on an aversive payment in of $168 or taking out a little over $12 for each dollar paid in ; whilst Mackenzie’s men have drawn over thirty-seven to one. If the Grit had a spark of honesty ha, would state the whole case, and show til-11 on the average each man superannuated by Mackenzie has drawn out 85,083 and paid in $137~being thirty-seven to one whilst in Sir John’s Administration the average drawn out is 82,124, and paid in $168~or a fraction over twelve dollars out to one in. -â€"-â€"â€"â€".â€".â€"_ Tns rarsns say that “ Mr. Blake tailb- ed French to his Montreal audience.” If he would kindly talk English to the lndut trial classes of Ontario they might find odt what he means. At present they regard Looking over the long list superannuat- him a good deal as Tennyson dill ed by them. there are cages {enemy's}! third 17999195;ng