Richmond Hill Public Library News Index

The Liberal, 29 Sep 1882, p. 3

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The éommon willow being a. coarse feeder and rapid grower, revelling in wet and swampy land, has also been commanded an But there are vast stretches of country where these means cannot be employed, and other methods must be provided. It is now pretty well proven by actual plantings 111 California of the blue gum tree, or Eucalyp- tus of Australia, that by its use over a suffi- cient area the malarial tendencies can be counteracted. Unfortunately, by actual test, we. find that the Eucalytus Globosa will not floggsh in certain sections of the coun- try. ---..~v . . .. n . If the use of impure water alo! e were the cause of malarial difficulties the remedy would be simply, namely, to substitute pure water instead, if it could be had, or by filtration and other means, purify what was at hand. The malarial influence arising from swamps or marshes can only be counteract- ed by aereating the soil and thus getting rik of the lower organisms resident there. By means of drainage the sour soil water is carried off, the air enters and decay is completedâ€"~the poison is destroyed and a more healthful condition ensues. Scarcely a section of our beautiful country is flee from malarial disease in some of its forms. During the protracted drouth of this year many localities formerly free from malaria. have been visited by this insidious foe of humanity. Two reasons are given for this result. First, the ponds and swamps have been dried up, and the lower forms of organic matter have been exposed to the air, and second, wells and springs have be- come so low that the water is very impure, and no doubt its use produces an unhealthy state of the body. 'Wfié‘fi then can we em 10y? Professor Maury, has proved at the BVashington 0b- aervatory that extensive plantations of the common sunflower will, during its growing seasons, counteraqy mqlaria. Very few teachers and parents under- stand Nature’s language. They do not know that cold feet, constipated bowels, or catarrhal symptoms, may result from over- study, as much as do headache or brain dis- ease of any kind. But children would not so soon break down if their bodies were not neglected and abused at the same time that their brains are overworked. The exercise of the brain cells the blood to that part, and this alone has a. tendency to disturb the circulation of the blood. The equili- brium is farther impaired by insuflicient dressing of the feet and legs, especially among little girls. But some little girls are better protected from the cold in winter by thoughtful mothers than little boys, who wear the fashionable short trousers and no leggins. W ell-dressed little girls now wear for winter clothing long woolen under- drawers, coming well into the boot-toop, under the thick stockings. with thick leggins for out-door weer. They also wear long-sleeved under-garments and outer- gsrments that afford real protection ; double mittens in the coldest weather, and hoods or “ nubias ” that protect the fore- head and sides of the head as well as the top. One of the oldest and most important rules of health is this : “Keep the feet warm, and the head cool,”â€"~not cold. If the blood is driven from the surface of the body b cold, especially at the extremities, interns organs are more or less congested by excess of blood, and in this way many difl'erent diseases are brought on. ‘ Poor food and bad air make the blood im- pure Ilmd this poor, devitalised blood cannot pr 1y nourish the various organs. Some- ‘ thing must fail, either physiutl health or mental vigor. Sometimes the brain fails. Actual insanity may result from over-work of the brain. Sometimes the bright, precocious child becomes almost idiotic from com- bined over-work of the brain, excitement of feeling, and neglect of the body. More ire uently the mind becomes simply weak- eneth, and can no longer confine itself to hard study. The brain must have a long rest, and probably never fully recovers its lost power. The brain itself, though the organ of the mind, is but a. part of the body, andits failure is a. failure of physical health. But sometimes the mind seems even clearer and stronger than ever, as muscular power fails. A time of especial peril to girls is the age between twelve and fifteen. Nature then seeks especially to round out and develop the women from the child, and over-work of any kink tends to thwart her plans.- Many a poor girl who started well in life, physically speaking, goes into a decline at this age, because of the foolish haste of the parents about her schooling. In this “slaughter of the innocents,” piano practice accounts heavily. Within the last year [have seen some sad oases of breaking down among school children, and there are other bright young minds and bodies within my range of obser- vation for Whom trouble surely Waits, un- less preventive measures he taken very soon. The little boy delights his parents and teachers by his readiness in learning his lessons, and he is rapidly promoted from one grade to another, becoming more and more ambitious as he sees the pride of his arents and the pleasure of his teachers. ature makes frequent protests, but these pass unheeded. The boy grows nervous, has impaired digestion and circlilation, for Nature is saying as plainly as possible, “ I cannot give this boy the good, healthy body that he needs, if you persist 1n letting the brain use up all his nervous force or vital energy. He cannot'eat his cake and keep it too. There are limits to his eon- stitutional vigor. If you persist in over- drawing upon this capital invested to him, he must break down.” Words of warning still seem to be needed lest children be done to death in the process commonly called education. The brightest ones are in the most danger, though parents and teachers seldom seem to be aware of this. “ It is no task for him to get his lessons,” they say. “ She learns so easily; she 0111 take another study as well as not.” But brain work still is work, though done with pleasure. Some play uses up vitality, and the best beloved occupation may ex- haust the nervous force, if too long con- tinued. There is no more sad but truthful application of the old saying, ‘ ‘ Haste makes waste,” than in the crowding forward of children_at school, especially the bright ones. ‘ OVER-WORK AT SCHOOL. Preventivau of Malaria. BY FAITH ROCHESTER. It is to be noted that with every revolu- tion or change of dynasty in China, the leaders of the defeated party usually took refuge with their followers in Corea. The Mongol stock was thus continually fortified, while the stream of Caucasic migration had ceased to flow from prehistoric times. Hence it is not surprising to find that the prevail- ing type is now distinctly Mongoloxd. Of the 9,000,00(Xor 10,000,000 inhabitants of the peninsula, probably five-sixths may be de- scribed as distinguished by broad and rather flat features, high cheek-bones. slightly ob- lique bbck eyes. small nose, thin lips, black and lank hair, sparse beard, yellowish or copperish complexion. The rest, represent- ing the original Caucasic element, are char- acterized by rounded or oval features, large nose, light complexion, delicate skin, chest- nut or brown hair, blue eyes, full beard. Between the two extremes there naturally occur several immediate shades, all of which serve to explain the c ntradictory accounts of the missionaries and travellers speaking from actual observation, but generally ig- norant of the original constituent elements and ethicaal relations of the natives. All, however, agree in describing them as taller and more erust than the Chinese and J ap- anese, whilefwly equal to them in intelli- gence and moral qualities. They are a simple, honest, good-natured people, very frank, laborious, and hospitable, although hitherto conpelled by their exclusive laws to treat strangers with suspicion and an out- ward show at unfriendliness. That this un- ‘ friendliness is merely assumed through four , of the authu‘itiea is abundantly evident from ‘ Capt. Basil Hall’s account of his intercourse with the mtives of the islands on the west coast. degamy, although permitted is little praciced, in this res ect resembling their peeiLar Buddhism. ’ut while some consideralon is shown for the women, to whom thestreets are given up in the even- ing, the gods are treated with the greatest contempmnd indifference. In many towns there areno temples nor even any domestic shrines. The images of gods and saints are mere woden blocks set up like landmarks by the wyside, and inferior as works of art to the ides of the Polynesians. \Vhen one of these dvinities gets blown down or rots away it boomes the sport of the children, who amue themselves by kicking it about amid th ears and laughter of their elders. The reli ous sentiment, which may be said to cnmu to on the Tiebetan plateau, seems ‘ to fade any west and east as it descends Cetywayo, the Zulu king, is greatly de- lighted with England and his treatment by the qovernmentand people. “If,” he said, “ I could only live in a. country like this, I should want for nothing more on this earth.” The cattle attracted his attention, and he expressed surprise that after feeding on such soil the herds did not become so fat as to be unable to rise. “ Why,” said he, “ did a nation so grand, a people so numerous, make war upon a. man so little as the Zulu ? Why did on not ask me to run away, to get out of Zn ulund? That would have been noble of you, and kind to me." Dom Pedro, Emperor of Brazil, cares nothing for splendor. He rides in an ordi- nary black coach, usually drawn by six mules, and followed by twelve cavalrymen, mostly neqroes, whose discipline is not too strict to permit; him to smoke cigarettes while escorting his Majesty. The coach- man and footmexi are shabby in worn suits and silver lace. The Emperor wears the plainestof black clothes, and is very cour- teous to all who.approach him. One of Prince Bismarok’s pet schemes is to substitute biennial budgets in place of the existing annual ones. All his bills in this direction have hitherto have been re- jected by the Reichstag. The undaunted Chancellor now purposes achieving his desire by submitting simultaneously the budgets for two consecutive years, that for 1883-84 ostensibly only by way of experiment. Arabi Pasha. is described as a tall, heavy- faced man, sullen, swarthy, with only a clear eye to soften the general harshness of expression, and a. black mustache to hide a badly carved mouth. His legs look too frail for the rest of his body. He isa bulky, broad, thick-chested, tellow, built on the lobster ptttern. As a. spectacle; not pretty. At Cape May Oscar Wilde wore his aesthetiz suit with “ the sweetness of a. maid: n ;” but, being posed to his liking in a. big arm chair, a. waiter was asked to be good enough to bring a. bottle of wine and a. box of cigars. The wine was old and the cigars were as black as ink; but he smoked, drank, and chatted until midnight. Sir John Rose, a financial and railway magnate, who owns one-fifth of the Canada Pacific Railway, was recently in St. Paul after inspecting his road. He is tall and angular in appearance, yet very genial in manner, though very modest and unassum- ing. Jr is said in San Francisco that Lord Beaumont has been refused by an heiress of that city. He made the mistake of asking her father in advance just how much she was to have, business being business. Mr. Blaine is credited with an epigrammatic description of Oscar Wilde, the accuracy of which will be recognized by all who have met the apostle of zestheticism. ‘He referred to O. \V. as “ that underdohe young man." The King of Holland sometimes walks all night in the populous parts of Hague. When he reaches home he personally supervises the frying of his potatoes, which he takes with several glasses of beer. Eminent Folk Here and There. Herbert Spencer once had joumalistic aspirations, but could not get a place. even as a Bohemian itemizer, in the whole city of London. Canon Farmr recently alluded publicly in Loulou to Mr. J ames Russell Lowell as "one who is at once the American Minister and the first of the living American poets.” This would be a. remufiglzatViQ‘VgrociII-c} aside from its destruction of malaria. The plan is worthy of trial.â€"-Ea:change. one of the very best agents for the destruc- tion of malarial germs. Its roots spread widely through the soil. while its leafage is simply enormous in proportion to the woody development. > The tree aorta of willow grow with great rapidity . but more immediate effects may be produced by planting sprouts of the osier or basket willow thickly all over them whole of a. wet or swampy surface soil. PERSONAL PARAGRAPHfi. Cores. In .1 Cambridge horse-car : “ N ow, I don’t; believe in speaking against a. man be- hind his back. It does not do any good,a.nd frequently injures an innocent party.” “ It is an exvellent Inn to follow,” returned the other. “ I’ve a ways done 3%,” continued the first. “and found it worked well, but there is Col. So-and-so, he‘s a sample of the other kind. He will backbite and malign his nei hbors, will get a man into his confidence, an then give him away, and do all sorts of such mean, contemptible tricks that I Would be ashamed of.” She lifted her heavy eyes to hisâ€"eyes that even then had the glory and the promise of immortality in them, and reaching out her little wasted arms, said in her weary, flute- like voice : “ Help me across, papa!” Then she was gone ! We held to our breaking hearts the frail, beautiful shell, but she was far away, whither we might no fol- low. She had crossed the dark river, and not alone. “ Over the river the boatman pale Carried another, the household pct. “ She crossed on her bosom her beautiful hands And fearlessly entered the phantom bark : We felt it glide from the silver sands, And all our sunshine grew strangely dark.” 0h, infinite Father ! When we weary and disappointed ones reach out pleading hands to Thee, wilt Thou take us even as the lit- tle child, and hel us across over the moun- tains of def ,at an the valleys of humiliation into the eternal rest of Thy presence. into the green pasture; and beside the still waters, into tLe City of the New Jerusalem, whose builder and maker is God ‘3”â€"-1)e- trod Free Press. She could not speak, anti so via: raised her on her pretty lace pillow, and her wee whixe face shone in the twilight like a. fair star, or a sweet woodland flower. ~ " “Ith is it, darling ‘2” he asked in brok~ e11 tones ofjoy and tganksgiving. Then it was as the shadows fell 1n denser waves about us, that she stirred ever so faintly, and our hearts gave a great bound as We thought “She is better! She will live.” Yes, she knew us; her eyes moved from cne face to the other, with a. dim, uncer- gaze! Oh! howgood God was to give her back! How we would praise and bless Him all our lives! She lifted one dainty hendâ€"coldâ€"almost pulseless, but better, betterâ€"we would have it soâ€"and laid it on the rough, browned hand of the rugged man who sat nearest to her. His eyelids were red with weeping, but now a. smile lighted all his bronzed face like a. rainbow as he felt the gentle pressure of his little daughter’s handâ€"the mute, imploring touch, that meant a. question._ There was anguish in the faces of those who bent over the little white bed, for they knew that baby May was drifting away from them, going out alone into the dark voyage whene so many have been wrested from loving hands, and as they tried in vain to keep her, or even to smooth with their kind solicitude her last brief sorrows, they, too, experienced in the bitter hour of part- ing the pangs of death. They only hoped that she did not suffer now. The rings of golden hair lay damp and unstirred upon her white forehead ; the roses were turned to lilies on her cheeks ; the lovely violet eyes saw them not, but were upturned and fix- ed; the breath on the pale lips came and went, fluttered and seemed loath to leave its sweet prison. Diarran minlsg-‘eruel steehgth of death, and the weakness, the helplessness of level They who loved her better than life could not lift a hand to avert the destroyer ; they could only watch and wait until the end should come. Her merry, ringing laugh would never again gledden their hearts; her little feet would make no more music as they ran patterinq to meet them. Baby May was dying, and all the home was darkened and hushed ! Lamentation is lthe only musician that al- ways, likea screech-owl, alights and sits on the roof of angry man. Cone-eit is to nature what paint is to beauty; it is not only needless, but impairs what it would improve. Better to be despise? for too anxious ap- prehensions than ruined by too confident it seqyrltyZ of the othlar; but if they are nothing in themselves, that which is their pride ought to be their humiliation. flA good .word is an easy obligation; but not to speak ill requires only our silence, which costs ‘us nothing. It is with [antiquity 55 ancestry, na- tiop‘s ar¢_ proud of fler one, and individuals Nature has left every man a. capacity of being agreeable, though not of shining in company;and there are a. hundred men sufficiently qualified for both, who, by a. very few faults that they might correct in half an hour, are not so much as tolerable. __ “n... -0", "my vulunlus uluuu. The ordinary employment of artifice is the mark of a petty mind, and it almost always happens that he who uses it to cover himself in one place uncovers himself in an- other. In private conversation between intimate friends, the wisest men very often talk like the weakest ; for indeed the talking with a. friend is nothing else but thinking aloud. Employmefit, which Galen calls “nature’s physician,” is so essential to human happi- ness that indolence is justly considered as the mother of misery. »Run not into debt, either for wares sold or money bo.‘ rowed ; be content to want things that are not of absolute necessity, rather than to run up the spare. The first virtue is to restrain the tongue ; he approaches nearest the gods who knows how to be silent, even though he is in the right. The world will never be in any manner of order or tranquility until men are firmly convinced that conscience, honor and credit are all in one interest, and that with the conscience of the former, the latter are but impositions upon oni'gelyep and ofhers. toward the Atlantic and Pacific sea-boards. Formerly masters of the Japanese in many art», the Coreans at present cultivate few industries be} end the weavmg and dyeing of linens and cottons and the preparation of paper from the pulp of the Brussonetia, papyfi/em. Silks and tea. are imported from China. and Japan, and the exports to those countries have hitherto been mainly restrich ed to rice, raw silk. peltries, paper, tobacco and ginsengâ€"Nature. Morsels for Sunday Contemplauon. “ help <c->H pauses of Typhoid Fever. A severe outbreak of typhoid fever which occurred last year at Nahant, a rocky pen- insula near Boston, inhabited during the summer by a small number of very rich cot- tage owners, was followed by an investiga- tion, of which the results are made public in an article by Mr. E. W. Bowditch, in the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. In such cases contamination of drinking-water is usually the principal cause of the spread of the disease, and the wells and cisterns which supply the l~ouses were first examin- ed. Water was taken from one hundred and ninety of these and analyzed. Eight of the samples were pronounced “ excellent,” and seventy-one others “ permissible,” or “ good." One hundred and eleven were elased as “suspicious,” “ very suspicious,” or “ bad.” About eighty cases of fever oc- curred, nearly all of which could be account- ed for by the actual condition of the drink- ing water used in the houses inhabited by the patients. In a few others the filthy I surroundings furnished a probable source of = infection, pure, as, in one instance, when analysis fa led to detect any serious pollution in water taken from a well situated within ten although the water appeared. feet of one leaching cesspool and fifteen feet ‘ of another, both overflowing, and of course ready to furnish an occasional supply to the well during dry seasons or under other cir- cumstances. One or two more were probab- ly explained by the fact that the ice used in the household was brought from a foul pond in the vicinity; and only one seemed quite inexplicable, unless perhaps the infection might have been brought by milk contained in cans which had lean r n'ed in foul water. Mr. Bowditch’s suspicion, that the infection was communicated in certain cases by con- taminated ice, is strengthened by the fact that a very severe and fatal cpedemic of typhoid iever was unquestionably caused In this way not long ago at a seashore hotel in New England ; and it is worth asking whether the public authority might not be employed with advantige in exercising some sort 0! surveillance over the collection and sale of an article which may become, and perhaps already is, far more dangerous than the trichinous pork or immature veal against which so many precautions are taken. In one place that we know of, says the Ameri- can Architect, thousands of tons of ice are annually gathered at the very edge of an extensive and well-filled cemetery, which ‘ s10 s somewhat rapidly toward the water an we have seen the winter product of a little pool formed by the overflow of what was practically the drain of a cluster of squalid houses regularly sold to customers. The Japan Mail describes a clever trick ‘ which was being exhibited by a. native juggler. The performance takes place in a small room about twenty feet Wide, half being allotted to the spectators, who are ad- mitted on the payment of the moderate fee of two cents. The “ properties ” consist of a deal table and a. sword, etc. After the usual soul-stirring flourish on a. drum and samisen, a. man and woman appear from be- hind a screen, the man binds the woman’s head ina cloth, and then she kneels down close to the table, and sideways to the spectators. The man then draws his sword makes aviolent blow at the woman’s head ; she falls forward with arms extended and limbs twitching. He then, having first wiped the sword onagory-looking rag takes 11 , apparently, thewoman’s head, wrapp- eggin a cloth, and places it on {the table. To all appearance it is a. human _head ; ,the eyelids and features have a convulsive motion ; presently the eyes open in a dreamyjortof we. , and to the accompani- ment of the ever eating samisen the head sings a, mournful song. A curtain is inter- osed between the audience and the per- ormers, and when again drawn back the woman is disclosed quietly seated alongside them. When it is recollected tharl all this takes place within three feet from the spectators, and that the “ properties ” are of the simplest description, some idea may be formed of the wonderful excellence of i the performance. A Nashville boy put a. thistle under a. mule’s tail to see what the animal would do, and the man who owned the animal and waggon, and the folks who had windows in that vicinity, would pay handsomely to get at the person who set the mule to exerting himselt. A classic and a naturalist are talking over the last storm. “ So our friend was actu- ally killed by a. stroke of lightning?” says the classic. “ Exactly so.” “ He perished as Ajax did, defying, Jupiter ?” “ No, he was eating some peas stewed in oil, ” An Allegheny saloon-keeper has been fined $5 for trying to hang himself. As this is a good deal less than his funeral expenses would have amounted to, it is considered that he ought to congratulate himself. The gentleman who went off on a vacation for rest and recreation, and to recuperate from the toils of the year, has returned, and expects in about a week to be sufficiently re- covered to work with some vigor. During a military parade last week, a young man in the ranks tried to bow to three girls at once, and broke his neck. A soldier should be content with Hardee’s tac- tics on the march. A New York physician gives half a. dozen reasons why Americans grow bald. It is a. eat consolation to a man who has become aid to know that thei e’s a reason for it. ” You dog of a printer,” cried an enraged poet, " you have not punctuated my poem at all.” “ Yes, but you see, sir, I am not a pointer, I’m a setter,” replied the printer. “A good many things that appear i.) the newspapers are not true.” This is because the newspapers have frequently to get their information from human beings. A hackman recently went into the surf at Long Branch and encountered a. huge shark. Their eyes met for an instant, when the shark blushed and swam out. A book-agent was attacked Ly robbers the other day,but he succeeded in talking them to death before the villains could escape. A Frenchman, feeling ill, complained to an English friend that he had a pain in his portmanteau, by which he meant hi chest. What can’t be cured must be indoored, as the physician remarked when he ordered his patient into close confinement. A Clever Trick. FLIPPANCIES. Religions of the Worm The census of the World, according to its religions, has been figured out by some Scotch statisticians. Its results are: Pro- testants, 120,000,000; Oriental Christians, 80,000,000; Roman Catholics, 200,000,000 ; Jews, 10,000,000; Mohammedans, 175,000.- 000 ; Pagans, 80,000,000. _ ,, “V, r..- u...“ IN.» on May 11, at East Lofidon, leaking consid- erably. A large force of men was a: once put on board to pump out; the water con- tained in the ship and to unload Let; but in spite of all the activity exerted, the bags of rice soaked in water gradually, and swelled up. Two days afterwards, on May 13, the ship was violently burst a/sunder by this swelling of her cargo. The Gazette Maritime ct Commerciale, in its news regarding ocean d1sasters,rela.tcs the following curious example of the formidable power of molecular forces. The Italian ship Francescm loaded with ricp, puf_into port A“ llnn‘n “LEV .LTAA‘I Bursting of a. Ship by Swelling of a. Cargo. _ own“... . v. urn. out, you black rascalâ€"hog dem hoofs ’lon down de track or I’ll make you sick all ober !” “ You see, gem’len, it am jist this way,” explained Moses, the Kingston man, when we asked what the trouble was. “ Dis yere nigger has cum down from Rome, 2111’ de minit he strikes de town he beginsto shoot off ’bout de Garden of Eden an’ purtend to know all ’bout it.” Sole Propr:etor or the Garden of Eden. We were waiting on the platform at King- ston, Gm, for the overdue train, when a. wordy war began a few feet away between two coloured men, one of them a resident of the town and the other a stranger from Rome in search of ajob. (1"? From the age of forty to that of sixty a man who roperly regulates himself may be considere in the prime of life. His mature ‘ strength of constitution renders him almost . impervious to the highest attacks of disease, and all the functions are in order. 'Having gone a year or two past sixty, however, he arrives at the critical period of existence ; the river of death flows before him, and he remains at a standstill. But athwart this river is aviaduct, called the “ Turn of Life,” which, if crossed in safety, leads to the valley of “ Old Age,” around which the river winds, and then flows without a doubt of causeWay to affect its passage. The bridge is, however, constructed of fragile materials, and it. depends upon how it is trodden whether it bend or break. Gout, a-poplexy. and other bad maladies are also in the vicinity to waylay the traveller and thrust him from the pass ; but let him gird up his loins and provide himself with perfect com- posure. To quote a metaphor, the “ turn of life” has a an 11 either to a. prolonged walk or into thegrave. The system and power hav- ing reached their utmost expansion now be- gin eithen to close, like flowers at sunset, or break down at once. One injudicious stim- ulant, a single fatal excitement, may force it beyond its strength, whilst a careful sup- ply of props and the withdrawal of all that tends to force a plant will sustain it in its heauty and vigor until night has nearly set in. mental velocity 50 times more rapid than that of the swiftest rifle-ball. But, in the moving through 20 miles of this onward path, the earth is drawn out of a. straight line by something less than the eighth part ofan inch. The deviation is properly the flight. and its momentum were in that way destroyed, it would hedrawn to the sun, by the irresistible force of its attraction, in four months, or in the twenty-seventh part of the time which a cannon-ball would take to com lete the same journey.â€"The Edin- burgh eview. , -_ wu,VVU,WU ml. tervening space between them, ma drawn to the sun by the prepondt traction of its 330,000 times larger has to shoot forward in its path wi mental velocity 50 times more re that of the swiftest rifle-ball. B111 moving through 20 miles of this path, the earth is drawn out of a. line by something less than the eig of an inch. The deviation is nror ,Vâ€"._ unuvuuuu U1 ell ascer- tained, through investigations which have been made in several distinct ways| that there can scarcely be in the estimate an error of 500,000 miles. The distance, at the present time given, is 92,885,000 miles. This measure is in itself so vast, that, if any traveller were to move at the rate of four miles an hour for 10 h , would take him 6,900 years to 'reach the sun. Sound would traverse the interval, if there were anything in space capable of trans I mitting sonorous vibrations, ‘ in nine years. A curior tributed to Prof. Menden the sun, would die of old age before it could become conscious, through the transmission of the nervous impression irom the hand to the brain, that it had burned its fingers. In order that the earth thus moving round the sun with a chasm of 93,000,000 miles of in- tervening space betWeen them, may not be drawn to the sun by the preponderant at- , e. “um. .n.uu me the sun from the earth is now tained, through investigation been made in several distim there can scarcely be in 1; error of 500,000 miles. The a present time given, is 92,8 This measure 15 in itself so any traveller were to move auu‘ ,_.:I r r - * In any reference to the physical history of the sun, the stupendous magnitude of its sphere must be kept vividly present to the mind. With a diameter 109 times longer than the earth’s, the solar orb looks out in- to space from a surface that is twelve thou: sacd times larger than the one which the earth enjoys. The bulk of the sun is one million three hundred thousand times that of the earth. If the surface of the sun were a thin external rind. or shell, and the earth were placed in the middle of this hollow sphere, not only would the moon have space to circle in its usual orbit without ever get- ting outside of the solar shell, but there would be nom also for a second satellite, nearly as fer again as the moon, to accom- plish a similar course. The weight of the sun is three hundred thousand times the Weight of the earth, or. in round numbers. two thousand millions of millions of millions of millions of tons. The mean distance of the sun fmm mm. A..-“ :. _, , The Critical Period.

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