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Fertilizer Limitations. End destitute of vegetable matter will new]: bsurb or retain moisture. Th» re is alws s 3 poor growth wi hunt sufficient dampness, and this is unimportant reason why commercial fertilizers wirk better. as their advocates admit, “when used with barnyard manure." I have been called old fogyish for insisting that farmers should not put much faith in the so-ealled phosphates. lt seems to me foolish to fellow any system so exp ’DGIVG and risky, and which tends to make in- creased dryneas in the soil, when experi- ence teaches that moisture is so essential. I am satisfied that much drainage is an evll. and coupled with this comes the phosphate craze. It should be the aim of farmers to increase the vegetable met: tar in the soil. Thousands of acres of land in the older States have been made unproductive, if not barren, by the ex- haustion of vegetable matter. Commercial fertilizers will never re- store these lsnds nor keep up the fertil- ity of the larger portion of the areas now under cultivation. They should be used only as kids in promoting the growth of plants. In some soils, where there is a. supply of organic mstter,superphwsphates undoubtedly ixicreane on ps. Farmers. however, do not discriminate, but with a deal of guesswork and lsvlsh outlay, they overlook nature's laws for replenishing the sell. It. is one of the standard argu- ments of fertil zer agents, that it is good economy to sell straw and other fodder and buy from the weighty compounds with the small per cent. of ammonia, phosphoric acid, potash and nitrogen. My system is to purchase these substances in the form of fodder, and keep more ani- mals, and make them my commercml agents and chemists.â€"[N. Y. Tribune. Where large flocks of sheep are kept they should be assorted now, and the weaker ones, or those who do not seem tobe thriving well, should be separated from the rest and ‘given a little better hay. a. few roots. or an extra allowance of grain. If this is not done they will be crowded to the wall and get poorer fare than the rest. Thus they will rapidly grow poorer and probably die before spring. By a little care, however, they can be made to gain so that in the spring they will be able to take their chance with the rest. It is not a good plan to allow the last spring lambs to run with the older sheep, as at about a year old they shed their two front teeth, and at that time they need extra care, being un- able to chew the coarse fodder as well as the older ones whose teeth have been re- newed. They also begin, in the South- downs and other rapid growing breeds, to loose their teeth at, 6 or 7 years old, and unless extra good and apparently in thrifty condition, should be fittted for the butcher at that age, though they often may live if taken good care of, until 13 or 12 years old. After 6. however, they should be looked after closely. and favor- ed lln food if they seem not to thrive wel . The same care in separating a drove of swine and favoring the weaker ones will enable them to be kept at a. profit, while without it a. part of the drove will be found no larger in the spring than they were in the fall ; in fact, it is not well to keep more than three or four pigs in one pen, as their habit of crowding together when they lie down makes them too warm if their aleepmg place is as warm as it should be, and )f it is not they crowd and fight: for the inside places, and the weaker pig will suffer in the quarrel for the bed as much as at the trough for food. Timothy or Corn Fodder. A pretty warm discussion was carried on at the agricultural meeting at Great Barrington. concerning the relative value of cured timothy grass and corn fodder for feeding mllch cows in winter. Mr. Cushman, of Lakeville, claimed that he can make milk from cows fed on corn fodder in winter, as cheaply as his neigh- bors can, who feed English hay and grass Others contended that a. ton of Well- grown, and wellcured com fodder will make as much milk as a. ton of ordinary timothy hay. Several thought corn fod- der worth less than half the price of good hay. These discussions remind one of the old story of the knights and the shield, that was gold on one side and silver on the other. With coarse, over-ripe timothy, and corn fodder cut at the right time,and well-cured, compared with the two fod- ders in exactly opposite conditions, it is plain to see that different conclusions would be drawn. Both corn and timothy make good cow food if properly grown and cured, and our great mistake in the matter is, in not growing more of both for our cattle. Corn Will be the cheapest to raise on warm,ea.sy land to plough,and grass on strong, heavy land that will pro- duce two crops a year. by a. moderate an- nual top-dressing. Either corn or buy may vary in value one half, according as they are grown and oured.â€"â€"|New Eng- ,bnd Farmer. A stockman in the Rural New Yorker says : “The idea. has occurred to me many times during a few years past, and has come to my mind with greater force the present year, seeing the course taken at the various agricultural fairs, that our native cattle are too severely “ sat, down upon.” so to speak, by the managers of the fairs, and all the show is given to the pure bred cattle. This is a. great injury to the native stock. of which by far the Luger part of our cattle is made up. We have abaut 48,0C0,000 head of horned stock (including the polled breeds of course,) and of this vast number we have FOR THE FARMER. Pure Breeds and Natives. Hints for Breeders. etable matr of acres of been made by the ex- probably not more than 950,000 pnrel bred cattle, all told. That in abut half of one per cent. or one pure to 200 na- tive. What would be thought if we were to close all our common schools, and en courage only colleges and universities 7 It would be about the same thing in prin- ciple, as ignoring the claimsof the owners of breeding stock not pure bred." Stoclunan’e View lea correct one, but the farmers who have been “sat upon," will keep right on breeding native cattle, whether their claims are recognized or not, and the wiser ones will constantly strive to improve them by liberal feeding and judicious creasing. No pure bred cattle cm ever drive the natives out of the country. Riley Pile, adespersdo and moonshiner of Picket county, Tenn, murdered Dep- uty United States Marshal J emes McDon- sld a few weeks ago, and two or three days ago murdered Luke Davidson. 3‘ highly esteemed farmer. Deputy Msr-‘ shsls Philips and McDonald raided Pile's‘ still a few weeks ago, destroyed the out- fit, and arrested Pile. At first Pile pre- tended to submit, but, waiting his oppor- tunity. he suddeniy drew a pistol, and instantly killed McDonald, mskirg his escspe under a running fire. P116 hid in the mountains, defying capture. When the excitement died out he appeared among the people, who, knowing him to be a. very desperate man, made no at- tempt to arrest him. He conceived the notion that a farmer, Luke Davidson, had betrayed him to the raiders. He went to Davidson, and made the latter give him a note for $75. the value of the still des- troyed by the revenue men. The note fell due the other day, and Davidson re- fused to pay. P119 said he would have blood or money, and would give him two days to settle. --- n 1- “Ag: 2x: the end of that time, finding DavicL son forking in a field, Pile at the muzzle of a rifle marched him up the mountain side no where a huge ledge projects over a high clifl'. He told Davidson that he was going to place the note on his forehead and collect it by pushing him over the precipice. A woman living near by had “'1 I, r-_-_r.~ v 7 I581] the two men, and, knowing Pile's desperate character, despatched a boy in search of Davidson‘s brother Junk. The latter was found, and, accompanied by a friend named Oliver, was soon on Pile’s trail. and arrived in night just as Pile was about to shove his victim over the preci- pice. Oliver accidentally slipped, at tracting Pile‘a attention. The latter in- stantly fired with his rifle, mortally wounding Junk Davidson, who died in a few hours. Luke Dzvidson took to his heels and escaped, leaving Pile and Oliver alone. Oliver fired with his pistol, severe- ly wounding Pile in the arm. A running fire ensued for three quarters of a mile, Oliver reloading his pistol three jimes. Pile jumped behind 5 rock ant Oliver, afraid to approach. gave up the chase. Pile was joined nett day by his brother, who is equally well known as a. desperado. The citizens organized parties, and are searching the mountains. declaring they will lynch them.â€"-New York Sun. William Facet, a tramp. was appre- hended by the Leicester (English) police reccmtly on a. charge of drunkenness, be having been foundby a policeman climbing a. lamp post to get. a drink. . ~ . He was, when searched, found to be tattooed from his shoulders to his feet, as follows : Letter D and ship on breast, together with a house, pigeons, anchor and chain, haystack, fishes and trees, a man driving a sheep. h. pig, the Union Jack, the Prince of Wales’s feathers, an anchor, two inscriptions, “Love me andl leave me not ” (Shakespeare), and a grave- stone to “ The memory of all I love,” a Highland girl dancing, 9. Highland soldier and another soldier wearing a red coat, cross flags and bayonet, drum and sticks, a pile of shot, W. F., a gun, another gun and crossed flags, crossed pipes and a jug and glass ; on the right arm, an ensign, sailors, a. ship, a cross and a large fish, a sailor with crossed flags, and “ Charlotte" in capital letters; on the left arm a poâ€" liceman taking I man into custody, and Faith, Hope, and Charity; on the left leg a man ; on the right leg a woman and a flag. He was fined 10s. and cests, or seven days’ hard labor. One of the causes which is contributing largely to the rapid internal decay of the empire is to be found in the revival of Turkish exclusiveness. It would hardly be fair to use the word fanaticism, though undoubtedly the latter prevails. There are scarcely any striking manifestations of fanaticism as the word is usually under- stood. That which exists takes princi- pally the form of a desire to exclude all‘ the non-Moslems from the offices of state. A large number of such oflices which were‘ formerly held by Christian subjects of the sultan are now occupied by Mohamme-i dans. Wherever the change can be madei the latter are put in. The principal ad- vlsers and favorites are all men who are Asiatic: rather than Europeans. When astroloaers and eunuchs are continually consulted it is not difficult to form an estimate of the intellectual weight of the government. Probably during no period within the last half-century has this class of advisers occupied so influential a posi- tion in the imperial counsels as it does now. The exclusiveness of course is di- rected principally against the non-Moslem subjects of his majesty, but it affects the treatment of foreigners also. As nearly all the wealth, the commerce, and the enterprise in the country is found among this two classes of inhabitants, these ex- clusion of them and jealousy of their works tells severely on the country.â€" [Cor. London News. 3 A Moonslliner‘s Fumes. A Much-Tattoed Man. Turkish Exclusiveness. SHUT iN A CHARNEL-HOIFSE T was wandering though one of our little village churchyarda in Sommersev- shire, when, seeing the sexton coming up the path, I went over to him, and began to talk. He was a pleasant, garruloue old man. and many a. tale did he tell me about the graves and their occupants; but none no noticeable as the one I am going to relate. --- z 11‘ A,,,,\, We were sitting on one of the tomb. stones, when he said : “ D'ye see you lxttle mound? Well, thme'a a sad, weir- iah story to tell shunt it ; and, if you like to hour it, there's none can tell it better than I.” Finding me an willing to hear the tale as he was to tell it, he began as follows “ ’Tis a long time ago, and my memory ain’t as good as it. used to be, bun I'll try to tell all I can, just as it happened. I was but a young man then, and what I'm going to tell happened just before I be- came sexton here, where I have been ever since. The sexton who was here before me was a cross, unpleasant fellow ;not really bad at heartâ€"ab least I never thought so but. very sour and churllsh in his manners. No one seemed to like him, and he seemed to like nobody. And as it turned out, people’s dislike of him was not so ill-founded after all, though I don’t think he was so wrong as it seemed. But I won't: deny that what he did was a cruel, heartless thing, and the chief victim of it. was the poor little child in yonder grave. “ She lived alone with her grandfather in a pretty little cottage near the end of the village. Folks said the old man was of gentle birth, and ought to have had more money than he did, but he always seemed happy and contented. Both the child’s perents were dead, poor thing l but she was too young to mourn for them. They had died when she was a. babe, and she had lived ever since with the old man.‘ She grew upia sweet, Winsome little body. You might have almost have said that the old man adored her; but no l he loved his Bible too well for that. Yet, if he ever loved any mortal thing, he lovet1 that child, as, indeed, did every one in the village. Many a time would I carry the little thing about in my arms and play with her and pick flowers for her or toss her in the hay in the hey-field's. We all liked the old man, too ; and some one or other would often look in to see if he was comfortable, or put the house in order. But there was not much to set to rights in his little cottage ; just two rooms, and very poorly furnished they were. s s WI“, I}; itlmre I am gr-Jiug to speak of the child Wu ahout 8 years old. “ It was a. fine summer's day, and she had gone out alone in the afternoon, while the old man took his ‘ forty winks.’ She was alone, but in a quiet little village one ‘ never gets anxious about one's children. This time, however, the day wore on, and she did not return. The old man awoke , from his nap, and began to keel rather uneasy. Several neighbors, who looked in and chatted with him, found him get- ting very nervous and restlesl, as though he had a vague foreshadowing of some evil coming, without guessing what it was. Tea time passed and the little maid did not turn up. One old man brought Word that he had seen her near the churchyard ; another had seen her in the churchyard; but no one could tell any- thing more. At last, six and seven o'clock passed, and the village-folk began to feel more sympathy with the old man’s fears. Some suggested that she had fallen into the riverâ€"some talked mysteri- ously about the gypsiesâ€"sorne pointed to the dark, lonely woods in the distance. But, though none could offer any s vlid consolation, all volunteered gladly to go and search for her ; and many went. Perhaps there was one in the whole vil- lsge who showed no interest in the mat- ter. and that was the old sexton. But, l as I said before, he was a cross. solitary creature, and us he liVed alone some way from any house he never heard of the child's being lest till next morning. “ Now, myself, belng a. stout, stal- wart young fellow, used sometimes to help the old sexton by doing little odd jobs about the church, digging graves and the like, for he was touched with the rheu- matics, and on that very night it chanced that I had to go up to the church alone to fetch something I had left the day before. It was now quite late, for the evoning had soon passed in useless searching. There was a bright moon shining, and the air was fresh and breezy. Any other man would have dreaded to go into the lone- some church, but I used to boast that I wouldn't mind going there at any hour, in spite of ghosts and ghouls. But the boldest heart feels creepy sometimes. And that night I felt peculiarly timorous; There was many a. strange tale told about that church. as doubtless there is of every church in the country, and one can't help remembering these tales just when one doesn't want to The souls of suicides, murdered persons, and unbaptlzed babes were all said to throng in numbers in this particular spot, setting aside a few lu- natios and harmless naturals. “ Well, I managed to fetch what I wanted from the church without any ad- venture, when, all at once, I thought that perhaps the child had wandered in there and fallen asleep in one of the pews, or got shut in. So I looked about but couldn't see her. I saw something, however. that gave me a bit of a. clue, and that was her llttle hat, torn and trampled on the ground. This was rather more than I ex- pected, or indeed liked. I felt that I felt that I must stay and look for her. But to tell the truth, I felt in a great hurry to get away from the place. Every moan of the wind gave me quite a turn, and the white moonlight looked quite ghostly. So I was just thinking of a. hasty departure, when suddenly a thought struck me 1 Could she have got into the vaults below '4 When I had thought of this I felt bound, somehow, to search for her. I felt I should not be doing my duty by the old man if I didn’t do all I could to find his little maid. But to go down into the cold, damp vaults at. that hour of the night was more than many a man would have liked to do, and I kind ‘ of shiveted at the very thought of it And yet I didn’t like to run away from nothing, so I cried to pluck up my courage, and. after listening awhile at the top of the steps. I began to descend to the crypt. “ Oh! it was dark and fearful l I seemedto see all sorts of strange figures flitting about in the shadowa, and to hear weird voices ringing through the silence. My tread was non very :(irm, I cm tell you. I felt as timorous as a hare. I could hear my heart; g0 pit-a» pat, throb- bing as though it would burst, and every breath I took seemed to wake echoes and noises around me. But I managed to get as far as the crypt. It; was used as a. charnel-house then, and a nasty place enough it was even in daylight, but at night. i Ugh Iâ€"the very thought: is her- rigle. ljl‘vWell, a kind of fate seemed t1 lead me on. and on I went. I felt than I must -â€"â€"come what mayâ€"look into that chamel- house “ For a moment I waited outside the old iron~studded door ; but I didn't hear anything but 9. little sigh of wind creeping through the grated window. So with a bold effort I turned the rusty key in the lock and pushed open the door. The place was as dark as pitch and as still as death. But in one corner a. long, pale ray of moonlight was falling direct upon the bare damp walls and on the white moulder‘ ing bones and bodies that covered the ground. And in the furthermost corner, full in the moonlight, with eyes glazed and staring and hands clasped frenziedly, crouched a figure. Good God! It was the child herself 1 She was stiff, motion- less and dead ! “tht I did then you may consider very cowardly; but I question if you would not have done the same yourself. Igave a cry, and rushed wildly up the steps. with the echoes of my shriek fol- lowing me like the laugh of hell-fiends. When I had got into the open air my brain cooled a. little, and I ran for help. I soon met a party who were searching for the lost one whom I had so suddenly found ; and, with them, I went once more down into the charnel-vault. The poor child was stone dead, and the village doc- tor, who was with us said she must have died in raving agonies. Her pretty little lips were bitten through and through in the convulsions of her terror, and her eyes still stared with a. wild, frenzied look that I can never forget. “I suppose you wonder how she got there 7 Well. in was all through that old sexton I told you of. The child had wandered into the churchyard, and gather- ed the floWers on the graves. Now, the old man took a. great pride in his flowers, and he often grumbled at the children for picking them; so he thought he would make an example. Seizing the wonder- iug girl, he led her into the church and shut her in the crypt, meaning to let her out in an hour. But he was an old man, and forgetful, and you hnow the rest. ' “ And that's about all my tale. I got the place of sexton. and have kept it ever since. My hands dug you little grave. and they dug the grandfather's soon after. It's not many more graves they'll dig now 1" The rise and fall of religious creeda in this 03111117qu very interesting as show ine the tendency of things with us. Since 1860 the Methodist: have kept pace with the growth of population. Twenty-four years ago they numbered 8.600.003. To- day they have about 15,000,000 adher- ents. The Bsptists have increased from 8‘000,000 to about 12,000,000, which shows an increase of 50 per cent. as to numbers, but a. decrease of 25 per cent. compared to the growth of population. The Presbyterians new number 5,500,000 against 3,600,000 in 1860, about 5.3 A..- L-..‘ _b____ v - per cent. increase. The Lutherans have ‘ increased 60 per cent. The Congrega- ‘ tionaiists new number about 1,800,000,:m in increase of only 27 per cent. while the population has increased 75 per cent. The Episcopalians number 1,200,000, an increase of 33 1-3 percent. in twenty-four years. The Hebrews number about 700,- 000, an incerease of 100 per cent. in twenty-fouryears. TheFriendsOr Quakers show a. falling off of 60 per cent., and now number only 150,000 persons. But the most startling figures of all are those that relate to the Roman Catholics. In 1860 they numberwd 3,100,000. That church to-day claims 9,500,000 adherents, a gain of 200 per cent. In fifteen years. should the same ratio of increase continue, there will be 26,000,000 Catholics'in this coun- try. No figures are given as to the skep- tics or non-believers, but undoubtedly their numbers have been very much swol- ieuin the last quarter of a century. It isa notable fact that Calvanists, Unitarians, and Quakers, as well as the sects with de- finite creeds, are rapidly losing ground, while the ritualistic churches, such as Catholics and Episcopalians. and what may be called the emotional sects, such as Methodists and Baptists, are either holding their own or gaining ground. These changes in what may be called the spiritual attitude of the nation will in time show itself in the very structure of our institutions. Slavonic Domestic Economy. George Keenan,the architect, describes a. meal partake]: of among the Slava on his journey from St. Peterstzurg to Con- stantinople : The plates from which supperâ€"fat mut- ton boiled in Vinegar and waterâ€"was pat-taken, were pancakes. which, being eaten, as a. relish or dessert, cleared the table, and the pal-bakers immediately after, utilizing the rug tablecloth sptc ad on the divan as a. bedqnilt, went to sleep, thus avoiding all necessity of washing dishes, sweeping or cleaning up of any kind. Religion in America hour. A hurricane moves eighty miles hour. The first iron steamship was built In 1830. The firstlucifer match was made in 1829. Gold was dincovered in Califorina in 1848. The first horse railroad was bmlt ia 1826-27. The average human “leis thirty-one years. Coaches were first; used in England in 1569. Modern needles first came into use in 1545. Until 1776 cotton spinning was per- formed by the hand spinning wheel. Glass Windows were first introduced into England in the eighth century. Measure 209 feet on each side and you will haveaaquare acre within a. inch. Albart Durer gave the world a pro- phecy of future wood engraving in 1527. The value of a ton of pure gold is $602,- 799.21. The first complete sewing machine ma patented by Elias Howe, jr., in 1846. $1,000,000 gold coin weigh 3,685.08 pounds avoitdupois. The value of a ton of silver is “7r 704,84. $1,000,00 silver coin weigh 58,920.. pounds avoirdupoia. The Bible contains 3,566,480 letters. 773,746 words, 31,173 verses, 1,189 chapters, and 66 books. The word and occurs 46,277 times. The word Lord oc- curs 1,885 times. The word reverend oc- curs but once, which is in the 9th verse of the 111th Psalm. The middle verse ls the 85h verse of the 118th Psalm. The 213*. verse of the 7th chApter of Ezra con- tains all the letters of the alphabet ex- cept the letter jl, v The 1951: chapter of 11. Kings and the 37thchapter'of Isaiah are alike.“ The longest verse is the 9th verseoi the Bah chapter of Esther, The shortest verse is the 35th verseJOf the 11th ch'ppter of St, John. Thhre an nmwords or name of more thanpix syl- lables. .f There are 2,750 languages. America was discovered in 1492. A square mile contains 640 acres. Envelopes were first used in 1839. Telescopes were invented in 1590. A barrel of rice weighs 600 pounds. A barrel of flour weighs 186 pounds. A barrel of pork weighs 200 pounds. A firkin of butter weighs 56 pounds. The first. steel pen was made 1830. A span is ten and seven-eighth inchu. A hand (borne measure) is four inches. Watches were first constructed in 1476. The Curse Upon a Royal lfimse in India. ‘ The early death of the Mahatma: of Uiuipur has attracted considerable atten- tion. At one tlme his reign seemed fuli of promise, but of late his continued 111- ness. and the effect of the remedies to which he hsd resort in order to deaden his pain, prevented him from taking an active put in the government of his large territories. The Mewar dynasty is, without any comparison, the most ancient In India, and the chief representative of the ancient. Sesobsd race is regarded with extraordinary respect by all true Raj. puts. The premature death of the late M3- harana without 18! ue has furnished another example of the continuity of the curse said to have been invoked upon the chief: of Mewar some ‘five generation: ago, ow- ing to some informality or lrregularlty on the occasion of the suttee of the widows of a. then recently deceased chief. The curse was to the effect that no future Ma- harana. should ever lesvea son to succeed him, and since then the ruling chief: have one and all died withoutiasue. The choice of the widowed Rnneea nobles hm fallen upon Futeeh Sing, cousin of the late Maharana. The new Maharana. (whose election requires the confirmation of the Government of India.) isafine intelligent; youth aged about: twenty-four. O'Con ll‘wwa?" fending a prisoner who was eing trie for a murder oom- mitted in; the vicinity of Cork. The principal "evidence was strongly against the prisener, and one corroborative cir- cumstance mentioned was that: the prison- er's hep had been feund near the place where {he murder was committed. A cert ' witness swore positively that the hat reduced was the one which was found, and that it belonged to e prisoner, whose name was Jamee. “By virtue of your oath," said O Connell, “ are you positive that this is the same hat i”. “.Yes,” wee the reply. “ Did you examine it carefully before you swore in your information that it was the prisoner's l" “ Yea.” “ Now, let me see," said O'Connell, as he took up the hat and began to examine the inside of it With the gi‘eatest care and deliberation, and spelt aloud the name of “ James " slowlyâ€"thus, “J~a-m-e-s." “ Now, do you mean these letters were in the hat when you found it ?” demanded O'Connell. “ 1 do," was the answer. “ Did you see them there?" “ I did.” “This the same hat? " “ It is.” “ Now, my lord,” said O'Connel, holding up the hat to the bench, “ there is an end of this case, there is no name whatever inscribed in the hat.” The re- l suit was the instant acquittal of the man. storm moves thirty~six miles per FACTS AND FIGURES. . v _V fell and the Bat. ‘117 waia‘d‘ffending n. pl “Huh/twin fnr n, mnrda finding a prisoner