Richmond Hill Public Library News Index

The Liberal, 3 Feb 1887, p. 6

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We should like to see tarmers’ gardens more generally supplied with enough goose berry bushes to furnish the family with a generous quantity for the table. They are so easily grown that they are always profit~ able. Do not attempt poultry raising on a, large scale until you have experimented with a, small flock and gained experience. There is much to learn, and but few have succeed- ed with over one hundred hens. Care and patience must be exercised, and the entire time given large flocks. We cannot too highly commend our native hemlock to those who desire to plant ever- greens. To our eye, it is the handsomest of all. For evergreen hedges it has no equal, bearing the shears perfectly, and may be trimmed into any shape desired. Farmers who are rimming behind, or have such a. reputation, are the ones who" leave tools of all descriptions exposed to out-door weather, where they were used last. How to get good roads may Well be dis- cussed by farmers’ clubs during the winter, and should be thought aboutby every farmer. On the farm and in farm buildings have the best facilities for the rapid performance of all needed work ;no unnecessary obstruc- tions ; all practical conveniences. \Vhen we have succeeded in inspiring the horse with entire confidence in himself and in his master also, there is but little likeli- hood, unless he is a very nervous or very perverse horse, that he will become trouble- some through any Vicious act, or want of honesty. “Balking,” that one vice that pretty nearly takes all the value out of some horses, is undoubtedly always, or very nearly always, chargeable to indisereet man- agement on the part of those who have had the breakingwtrainingâ€"«and after manage- ment at work. Thus, if a horse is overload- ed while yet young, stops to rest without being told to do so, and finding the rest agreeable, and the startingâ€"being wearyâ€" disagreeable, it is not to be wondered at that he forms the habit of stopping, and theneeforward becomes a “balker.” If, when this first inclination to stop and hesi- tate is observed the temptation be taken away by getting onto an easier piece of road, lightening the load or giving the horse rest, and feed if needed, afterward avoiding a similar occasion for stopping, the danger of having a confirmed balky horse may be averted. But when under these circum» stances the horse is hit with a whip, and sharply reprimanded, then look out for a re- taliatory eflort. The horse assumes that you are his enemy, and from that moment he places himself in an antagonistic position, looking upon ii‘i 'r ‘er as an enemy. Thefiuestion is often asked whether a con- firmed baiker can be cured. This admits of a. double answerâ€"yes and no. If the horse is in good hands, managed by some person who has firmness and. judgment, he can sometimes be cured by driving a. stake and hitching him at the spot where he stops, un~ til he is glad to move along to where his r21.- tions are. Horses have been cured by, as the saying is, “ taking them at their word,” and if they want to back, then keep them backing, giving the animal to understand that that is just what you want him to do. You can, in half an hour to an hour convince him that backing,r is {L very much harder mo- tion than going forward. The greatest of wastes on a. farm is the not using of our brainsâ€"the greatest because at the bottom of nearly all other wastes. A little thinking often saves much trouble. After accomplishing almost any piece of work, the most of us can look back and see how we could have improved on it if we thought. Farmers should see to it that as little straw as possible be carried off the placeâ€" utilized as it may be in several Ways whether food and bedding for stock, or ab- sorbent in the barnyard, or spread upon the land and ploughed under in the fall for com the following spring, or on grass land in- tended for mowing the succeeding summer. Give animals no more than they can eat up clean. and if you ever find any left in the crib take it out at once and be sure not to give them an opportunity to do the same next time. The most economical grain ra- tion for the general purpose horse is three parts corn meal to one of shorts (measure) and a. small amount of linseed meal from October to April. Now is the time to look over the seed catalogues and make selections. The herd of eighteen cows gave an {Lg- gregate of 106,962 pounds of milk in 1886, or an average of 5942 pounds per cow. The best five cows averaged 8021 poundsâ€"nearly ten quarts per day for the year. The best ten cows avera. ed 7179 pounds, or nearly 81} quarts per ay per year. The largest yield was for a cow eight years ten months old at the beginning of the year9665 pounds. The smallest; yield was for a. cow two years and seven months old at the beginning of the yearâ€"2887 pounds. SOME Goon Cows. The milk record of the Ayrshire herd at Hayes farm for the year 1886 is from actual weighing of the milk twice each day by one person who has charge of each milking. The feed of this herd is in summer posture of very poor quality; but the cows have each night and morning one-half bushel of brewers’ grains and two to four quarts of shorts, and in the full corn fodder in sddi tion. In the winter three-fourths bushels of grains, four quarts of shorts, one quart of cotton seed, and roots occasionally, and dry corn fodder, one feed ; hey two feeds each day ; they commence their morning meal at 6.30 in winter and cpntinue feeding two hours; at 10 o’clock watered, at 330 com- mence their evening feed, continue eating for two hours, and barn closed up for the night. There has not been a cow off her feed for the year, and one single case of gar- ,et in the Ayrshire cows; but several se- vere cases in cows bought in to make up complement of milk. One cow raised on the farm is worth any two common cows that can be bought. In regard to weighing milk, no men who keeps cows can afford not to do it ; he will meet with surprises every month and before the year is out he will be feeding cows for the butcher, which he supposed were among the best, and in five years his herd is worth for practical purposes 50 per cent more. How HORSES ARE SPOILED. TIMELY SUGGESTIOxs. FARM. Such manners appear very strange to us, at first sight, but genuine Chinamen, who hold out staunchly for ancestral worship, find them practical and good, and ascribe to them the results that Chinese civilization has attained. They can not imagine how a nation can be endowed with better manners, if it hopes to endure as long as the ages. The throne and family are thus never with- out heirs. This institution of eunuchs is not of Chinese origin. It was imported, say the learned, from Arabia and Persia, by a renowned Chinese conqueror. It was at once adopted at the court of the Mogul sovereigns, and has ever since retained in spite of varying success, a portion of that occult influence which Orientals are so pas sionately ready to stand up for and defend. Children’s Shoes. Too much cannot be said against the cruelty of forcing children’s feet into short and narrow-toad shoes. Many children be- fore they are ten years Old have incipient corns and bunions caused by the foolish pride or carelessness on the part of the mothers. Many do not know that if a child’s foot is allowed to develop naturally, when fully developed it can wear with ease a. much smaller shoe than when crushed back and forced out of shape while growing so fast. The foot is part of the body that completes its growth early. The size of the feet of a growmg boy is sometimes notice- ably large; when the rest of his body has finished its growth, the feet are proportion- ate. If a growing foot is pressed into short shoes, the toes are pushed back and become thick at the ends. They are pressed up against the top of the shoe, and cams are made. They are enlarged at the great and little toe-joints, causing bunions, which are more painful than corns. The legal ex~concubine of the Emperor is honored asaperson of high rank, having held at court the most exalted position. The Emperor is entitled to seven only of theserlegal concubines, but the number of illegal ones placed at his disposal is unlim- ited. That accounts for the large number of guardian eunuchs engaged to watch over and serve all these semglio princesses, who are placed under the vigilant superinten- dence of the Empress. VThe Empress selectsv the young beauties admitted into this Chinese seraglio, and she he.c to renew the pcrsomwl every three years. These young girls are recruited among the families of the Mandchou officers, who look upon the honor of having the prettiest of their daughters in the imperial harem as a means of attaining high rank. These young ladies make their debut at the age of four- teen, and remain inside the harem until they are twenty-five years old. If, in the interval, they give birth to offspring they by rights become “ daughters of the imperial blood,” and remain bound with the fate of the child, for he may become a. ” Son of Heaven,” and sovereign heir to 10,000 king- doms. If, on the other hand, the young lady reaches the age of twenty-five without yielding increase to the imperial household, she is sent home to her illustriou parents, andhonestly weds a. mandarin of the place. The 5,000 ‘Vlm Guard the [Enron] Ofllle Chinese Monarch. I have been told that there are about 5,000 male slaves in the Chinese Emperor’s palace, in. figure which it is, of course, very difficult to control. The number, however, must be large, since that class of indivxduals is alone called upon to fill posts which every- where else are usually given to men. Their business is to keep sharp watch over the Emperor’s harem, an institution of no great service for the time being, since his Majesty is yet a. minor, but in View of its becoming serviceable some day, and tojpay meet hom- age to the rites of religion. Never throughout her entire prison life did she despair of her ultimate reprieval, and up to a. few weeks before her death she talked expectantly of her hoped-for freedom. ,She never complained of her prison life, and always relied upon God’s mercy for her justi- fication, DASHED ITS BRAINS OUT against the wall. Mrs. Hubbard was then arrested, the French house searched, and under the ground floor were found the put rid bodies of the seven missing people. The evidence was too plain, and her husband was hanged for the crime. She was sentenced to imprisonment for life. A YOUNG EMPERQR’S SLAVES. A CANADIAN BY BIRTH, and both she and her husband were of Scotch extraction, and soon after their marriage they started out peddling, and in plying their vocation they reached Grant County. this State, in 1855, after a long overland journey through New York and Pennsylva- nia. In Grant County they stopped one night with a family of seven, named French, who occupied a farm on the road to \Vabash. It was their usual custom to spend the night with the family they last visited during the day. But the next morning, when some neighbors came to the house, they were told by the Hubbards‘ that the French family had left for Kansas the evening before. This seemed extraordinary, but the story was not discredited. Soon after, however, the dead body of an Irish peddler was found in Wa~ bash County, and as suspicion pointed to Hubbard he was arrested and placed in jail at Wabash. / The Sheriff of the county, Moses Scott, was possessed of the idea that the Hubbards had murdered the French family. During,r one of Mrs. Hubbard’s visits to her confined husband, Scott, listen» ing on the outside of the prison, heard Hub- bard reproach his wife and blame her as the cause of his being in jail. She replied that “ he was all right unless they found them under the floor.” Hubbard also said that he had not been guilty of killing the in faint French, which had crowed when he at- tempted to kill it, and added that she had [Death of a Woman Convicted 0x Murdering Seven Persons. The other afternoon Mrs. Sully Hubbard died at the Female Reformatory, Indian- apolis. She was i) her 80th year, and had been a prisoner for the last thirtyâ€"one years of her life, about fifteen of which were spent in the Jelfersonville Penitentiary, previous to the establishing of the female prison. She was the oldest female prisoner in the State, both as to age and time of serving. She protested up to the time of her death her innocence of the crime for which she was convicted. The cigéumstances of the crime for which she was punished are almost unparalleled in the criminal history of the State. Mrs. Hubbard was “'AS SHE GUILTY ? If the cold has been contracted but a few hours, and the chief symptoms are sneezing, watery discharge from the nose, 8. “stuffed” feeling in the head, and general chilliness, it may be abated by energetic treatment. 1. Take a. hot foot or sitz bath, or both combined, drinking during the bath apint or two of hot water or hot lemonade. After the bath, sponge the body with salt water, using a tablespoonful to the quart. lemain in a. warm room, carefully protected from drafts. 2. Bathe the face with very hot water for five minutes every hour. 3. Snuff into the nostrils a. hot solution of salt, teaspoonful tothe pint of water, every three hours. 4. Inhale the fumes of am- monia or menthol. 5. If impossible to take a hot bath, the next thing to be done is to take an abundance of exercise in the open air. Active exercise for three or four hours in a keen, cold, atmosphere is equal to a. Turkish bath in its general purifying effects, though of course it does not cleanse the skin. One of the most distressing ailments of childhood is earache. Contrary to popular opinion, also, this common affection is by no means of little moment, except as it is a source of pain and inconvenience. It has happened in more than one instance that a neglected earache has resulted in the death of the little sufferer after weeks of most acute anguish. In some cases, death re- sults from inflammation of the brain at a period many years removed from the first attack of the malady, an acute attack being the extension of the inflammation to the delicate membranes of the brain which lie in close contact with certain portions of the ear. It is important that every case of earache, no matter how slight, should recieve im- mediate and efficient attention, as the pain is often a. precursor of deafness, if not of anything more serious. Space will not allow of a. complete treatment of this sub ject, but it may be useful to the reader to know that the hot water douche is one of the One of the most efficient of those is the hot saline, nasal douche, administered with a. sponge. The proper strength for the solution is one teaspoonqu of salt to the pint of water. For the unpleasaz“ running at the nose which characterizes the first stage of a cold “ in the head,” the inhalment of menthol or strong vapor of ammonia are remedies to be recommended. “later-drinking is another means of Wash- ing out a cold, which is well worth employ- ing. From two to four pints of hot water should be taken each day. A little extra clothing should be worn, and it is also well to oil the body thoroughly after each bath. If the chief seat of the cold is the nose, in the form of nasal catarrh, appropriate remeâ€" dies, such as have been often l‘ccomend- ed for acute catarrh, should be employed. The management of a. cold depends upon the time which has elapsed since it was contracted. If but a few hours had elapsed the proper thing to do, is to take a warm bath and go to bed. If two or three days ‘ have elapsed, the warm bath must be taken just the same, but it will do little toward the eradication of the cold; it will simply re- lieve the clogged state of the system, and help to prevent the contraction of further colds, provided the matter is properly man- aged. A cold which has gotten two or three days’ start, will run its course in spite of everything that can be done for it. Gen- erally several days, and more often two or three weeks, are required for a cold to run its course. Undoubtedly something can be done to shorten the course of a cold, even when it has gotten a good start. The mest important thing is to prevent the taking of more cold, for this is one of the most power- ful causes of the prolongation of colds. This will not be best accomplished by the taking of hot baths, as is so commonly practiced. The better way is to take one or two baths at the outset, and then to em- ploy only such means of treatment as are calculated to fortify the system against cold by producing a good surface circulation Saline baths taken daily, rubbing the body with moist salt, and taking daily and vigorous exercise in the open air, are among ‘ the most useful measures. Men who spend : most of their time in the open air, seldom suffer lonér with colds. The writer has often known persons to cure a hard cold when first taken by riding a day in a cold crisp atmosphere. An abundance of pure air seems to be effective in washing out a cold in a marvelous manner. The common practice of sitting down in the house when a severe cold has been contracted, and cod- dling one’s self for fear that more cold will be contracted, is a mistaken and injurious one. Johnnie and Janie, and Thomas and Hannah, and all the rest of the children are .coughing and sneezing and hemming and complaining with colds How and where each contracted his cold is a. source of much discussion, although this is now a matter of minor consequence. The thing of im portance is to know how to get rid of the cold. If you Wish to have warm feet, by all means avoid the common habit of toasting them over a stove or register. This of itself is a. potent means of causing chronic cold of the feet. At this season of the year thousands of persons suffer almost constantly with cold feet. The chief causes are thin shoes or boots, neglect to protect the feet from dampness, sedentary habits, and diseases which disturb the circulation, such as dys- pepsia, etc. So much for the causes. \Vhat are the remedies? Here is one: Change the stockings for cleanones daily, and bathe the feet every night with cold water, ac- cording to the following directions; Pour into a pail or foot bathâ€"tub about a pint of water, or sufficient so that when the feet are placed in the water it will rise about them to the extent of one~fourth or half an inch. Hold the feet in the water for about ten minutes, and then take out and rub dry and warm. In some cases it is better to bathe the feet with hot and cold Water in alternation, applying the water with a sponge, or simply dipping the feet into pails of water of different temperatures, one as hot as can be borne, the other of the tem- perature of the surrounding air or even colder. To STOP A COLD IN THE HEAD. HEALTH. EARACIIE. COLD FEET. DLD& Another natural gas field has been recent- ly discovered, and partially developed, at the foot of Lake'Huron, Within the precincts of the city of Port Huron. Mr. Charles Bailey, while “ boring for oil,” in June last, struck an immense flow of gas, at a depth of little morethan 500 feet; and two wells sunk subsequently gave like results, exhibit- ing a pressure of 180 pounds to the square inch. This would appear to afford the one solution necessary to the manufacture of salt in this region, viz, cheap fuel. Though a new find, gas is not wholly unknown to the region, having frequently been found at depths varying from 80 to 150 feet, but never in definite quantities. When the drives are thronged and the vehicles are strung out as if going to a funeral always allow space between your horse and the Wagon ahead of you so that in case of a. sudden stop you can get out of the way of the fellow behind you, and thus avoid having a hole puncheti in, your wagonn The water power at Niagara Falls is to be developed at an expense of $3,000,000. A poetaster said, not long ago : “ And what a tremendous water power Is wasted o'er its edge ; One man might supply all the world with flour, With a single privilege." A Russian engineer claims to have discov- ered a process of reducing petroleum to the form of crystals, which may be easily and safely transported to any distance, and then reconverted ino liquid form. A gas locomotive has been tried for sev eral months in Melbourne, Victoria, on the street railways. The gas is carried in four copper containers, sixteen inches in diame- ter by six feet long, and is compressed to 150 pounds on the square inch. The con- tents represent about 280 cubic feet of gas at normal pressure, which is found sufficient for a run of fifteen miles. The locomotive weighs 4:; tons and the carriage 3,500 pounds. A window open a slight distance at both top and bottom, and a chimney draught also open, are the only sure ways of keeping pure air in a sleeping-room whose doors are closed. It is stated that a. picture of a. ball falling before a screen has been taken with one of Mr. Muybridge’s fastest shutting cameras in the one thousandth of a. second. A large manufacture of paper bottles is to be entered into, patents having been se- cured in all probable fields of competition. Krupp has made a. gun for Italy which is forty-six feet long, and weighs, with the breach-piece, 118 tons, 3% cwt. Prof. Cohn says are electric lights should be surrounded by a globe of ground glass, or even opal, to prevent injury to the hu- man eyes. The writer of the article referred to, seems to think that the deadly effects of the beer is chiefly attributed to the poisonous sub~ stances with which it is adulterated. \Ve think this is an error, however, as alcohol is about the worst adulterant which it is likely to contain. A lay journal calls attention to the alarming increase in the frequency of Bright’s disease of the kidney’s in recent years. It appears from the statistics of the metropolis that more persons die annually of this dread disease than from diphtheria, scarlet fever, and small-pox combined. The cause of the frightful fatality from this single malady is claimed to be chiefly the abomin- able mixtures sold under the name of beer. Persons who suffer from torpid bowels are often much relieved by the application of a. wet compress over the stomach. This is a. very old remedy. A moist rag or towel folded into four thicknesses, may be applied to the surface of the abdomen, or a piece of moistened spongioâ€"piline may be used. It matters not Whether the water be cold, tepid or warm, and I am not aware that any benefit results to many persons, from the very unpleasant application of a cold rag to the warm skin. Care must be taken that the compress or other application, be not too wet when applied. It may be worn for two or three hours daily, and in this way relief is often obtained without the use of any medicine whatever. We say, have none of these things. Away with all of them. Nature has given us in heat an-l moisture combined a. “pain-killer“ superior to any of these ill-smelling and dirty mixtures. Take a, flannel, fold it four double, wring out of hot water, and apply to the injured part as hot as can be borne without blistering the skin. If the bruise is a bad one, heep up the fomentations for several hours, which will rarely be the case under this treatment, cloths wet in cold water should be applied, changing every ten minutes, Hot fomentations should be applied for fifteen or twenty minutes two or three times a. day, or more frequently if there is much pain. These methods of treatment are vastly superior to the old-fashioned onion poultices and shnflar savory nppficafions, and H thoroughly applied, will not only give great relief irom pain, but will also prevent a great share of the possible mischief which usually results from inflammations of this sort. If Johnnie or Janie or Thomas or Mary Ann has fallen on the ice, or gotten bruised in some other way, what Will you do to “take out the soreness,” and to prevent any serious inflammation from occurring? One says, “ rub on arnica.” another would recommend camphor, another, “St. Jacob’s Oil” or some other popular nostrum, or somebody’s pain killer.” most effective means of relieving pain in the ear arising from-acute inflammation. The douche CwIl be best administered with a fountain syringe or its equivalent. 1n the absence of this useful device, the hot water may be poured into the ear, the patient placing himself in a lying position with the ear in ‘such a position that the water can easily run away. Still another method is to fill the ear with warm water, then place in the opening a. small mass of absorbent cotton, also saturated with water, and over this apply fomentations. THE WET COMPRESS FOR CONSTIPATION. SCIENTIFIC AND USEFUL BEER AND BRIGHT‘S DISEASE. FOR A BRUISE. A new $2.00 counterfeit bill has appeared at Montreal. It is pronounced the best counterfeit that has yet been made. The bill is one of the Dufferiu issue (with Lord Dufferin’s picture on it). The vignette is perfect, only the face is a. little too broad, and the forehead slightly contracted ; (lots on the i’s are omitted in the words “ Brit- ish America; the color of the back is a very pale green, and the paper is slightly poorer than that of the genuine bill. It is payable in Montreal. The number on the counterfeit is of serits B. The Prince :of \‘Vales, Grand Master F. & A.M., has granted a warrant for the for- mation of an Angloâ€"American lodge in Eng- land for the purpose of affording Americans resident here facilities of the order. It is estimated that 30,000 females could find husbands inside of a. fortnight in VVy- omiug and Montana. Territories, and Why the procession doesn’t move is a mystery. A correspondent of the Philadelphia Press says: “ I have never, during my twenty years of housekeeping, had a moth of any description, and attribute my im- munity entirely to the use of turpentine. After each of my carpets is well-swept, it is at once gone over With the following mix- ture : To three quarts 0f pure, cold water, add three tablespoonsful of turpentine. In this thoroughly saturate a sponge, squeeze about two-thirds dry, and go over each breadth separately and in all the corners. As soon as the water becomes soiled take a. fresh supply. You will be surprised to see how beautifully it will clean your carpets, besides being one of the best disinfectants. My father, an eminent physician, had this always practiced in his family, and We were never troubled with fevers any more than with moths.” The World’s Rulers. An European paper figures that the Chris- tian and monarchical world counts among its combined reigning families 408 princes. If the female contingent was taken into account, this figure would almost be doubled. The most flourishing dynasty is that of Hol- stein, which holds the thrones of Russia, Denmark, Greece and Oldenburg, and num- bers fifty»three princes, including twenty- five grand dukes, two kings and an emper- or. Next to it is the House of Stettin, uniting the royal crowns of Saxony, Great Britain, Portugal and Belgium, besides the ducal and grand ducal scepters of \Veimar, Altenburg, Coburg-Gotha and Meiningen. TheFBourbons, with their forty-seven princes have held Sicily, Parma and Spain. More numerous than the Hohenzollerns, the Hesses and the house of Savoy are the imperial HapsburgLorraine, Vi ith their thirty~three archdukes, and the old race of Wittelsbach, numbering twenty-three princes of or in 'Bavaria, a distinction to which great impor- tance is attached. The once reigning fami- lies mediatized since the congress in Viwnna in 1815, are represented by 725 princes, and these have retained but a small portion of their privileges. The Hapsburgs and tie \Vittlesbachs are closely allied, not merely because they both belong to the Teutonic race and flourish on the same German soil, but because for many years and generations they have constantly inter-married. The lovely Empress Elizabeth of Austria is the daughter of Duke Maximilian of Bavaria, and her daughter Gisela is the wife of Prince Leopold, cousin of the present King and nephew of the Regent. A certain party furnishes all the kegs for gold, and packs them. The man who does this is a monopolist in his way. Shippers of large amounts always IOSe a. few dollars by abrasion, but not exceeding sixteen ounces on a million dollar shipment. The only protection to be found against abm- sion lies in the shipment of gold in bars instead of coin. Gold bars are not readily obtained. Gold crosses the ocean very much as does every other kind of freight, without any special looking after. The average rate of insurance is about $2,000 on a. shipment of $1,000,000 There are shippers who do non insure. Having to ship $1,000,000, they give it in equal parts to half a dozen differ- ent vessels. It is a strict rule with some firms never to trust more than $250,000 at a. time on any one ship. In the interests of security, each keg is treated to what is technically known among the shippers as the “ red taping” process. At each end of the keg, in the projecting rim of the staves above the head, are bored four holes at equidistant intervals. A piece of red tape is run through these holes, cross- ing on the head of the keg, and the ends finally meet in the centre. At the point of meeting, the tape is sealed to the keg's head by Wax bearing the stamp of the shipper. Kegs in which gold is packedw“ specie kegs” as they are calledâ€"aromade of extra hard wood. They must have an extra iron hoop. Specie is not thrown loosely into a keg, nor, upon the other hand, is it carefully Wrapped in tissue paper and piled up one coin upon another. The kegs serves only as a protection for canvas bags, into which the gold is placed in the ordinary hit and miss fashion of pennies in a. man’s pocket. Into each bag go $3,000, and ten bags fill a keg. The shipments of gold are not genera..in 0:1 the bank’s account. At it first glance, persons might well suppose that when the demand arises for gold to send abroad, the shipper would only have to send in his or- der for his hundreds of thousands to the sub treasury, where millions of specie are on deposit. But there are sufficient reasons why this plan will not work. The sub- treasury can pay out its coin only to credi- tors of the government. With the Bank of America the assooiated banks keep on de- posit constantly an enormous sum of gold, sometimes amounting to $40,000,000. To the members of the bank association the Bank of America issues its own certificates against these deposits, redeemable on de- mand. So, when there is occasion for mak- ing a. gold shipment, the coin is prepared for that purpose in the rear office of that bank ; here it is bagged and kegged and made ready f)r shipment. Each keg contains $50,000 in clear gold. It is from the Bank of America, at New York, that most of the gold is shipped from that city. The foreign steamships sailing from Boston now carry little or no gold, al» though the reverse was the case years ago, The process of shipping gold across the ocgan is thus described by the Boston Com» mcrmal Bulletin: flow Gold is Exported. To Prevent Moths. CM £‘CIVP96

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