that their withdrawgi shérï¬d be ï¬cstponed until an agreement had been arrived at re- specting the neutralization of the Suez Ca- nal. :0wing to the rumour that he had been poisoned, a. careful autopsy was made of M. Katkofl‘, which revealed the fact that he died of cancer of the stomach. The Vienna. Fremdenblau, referring to the departure of Prince Ferdinand for Bul- garia, says that he goes without the sancli m of the powers and his action is merely the enterprise of 3 Bulgarian adventurer. In the British House of Commons Sir James Fergusson stated that England had never acquiesced in the presence of the French troops in the New Hebrides, and that the Government would not consent A letter has been forwarded to Lord Salisbury, signed by 300 members of Parlia- ment, in favour of the Canadian Paciï¬c mail contract. It is stated that the tumour is appearing again in Crown Prince Frederick “’illiam s throat, and thatit is probable another oper- ation will be requisite. A farmer named Custy was shot and mor tally wounded near Ennis, Ireland, on Sun day. The crime was of an agrarian charac ter. Parties of Russians are traversing the country around Badakstan and are makin strong endeavors to gain the good will of the inhabitants. Sir Henry Drummond Wolff, who failed in his mission to the Sultan regarding the Egyptian question, is to be given the em- bassy at Rome. Bush ï¬res are raging over an extensive area in Michigan, and unless rain soon comes there will be a. repetition of the for- est ï¬res of ï¬ve years ago. The Sultan of Morocco has defeated the tribes around Fedla, and has entered the tawn of Rabat. The late Alfred Krupp donated Q‘25",000 for the beneï¬t of his employes, to which his son added $125,000 for the people of Essen. The German Crown Prince has stax ted for Scotland, where he will occupy the residence placed at his disposal by the Queen. The Minister of Militia. and Sir Fred Mid- dleton will start for British Columbia. early in September for the purpose of inspecting the site of the proposed Imperial defences of Esquimalt. The earthworks will be built at the expense of Canada, while England will supply the armament. A M ERICAN'. Diphtheria. is reported to be spreading alarmingly in Cleveland, Ohio. The strike of the employes of the Mid- land railway, in England, is collapsing. 'Mr. Chamberlain will stump Ulster in October, speaking at Belfast, Coleraine and Londonderry. The Wheat crop of France is good, the es- timated yield being 100,000,000 hectolitres, against 105,000,000 in 1886. Baron Billing, late French Ambassador to Sweden, while visiting friends in Alsace, was expelled from the province. A cable despabch states that Mooney, who attempted to blow up the steamer Queen at New York the otherday, is asserted, by the London police, to have been concerned in various dynamite plots and to have caused the explosion of the Glasgow gas works in 1882. , The agents of the Marine Department feel aggrieved at the Government‘s action in changing the system of paying accounts which have been in vogue since the begin- ning of Confederation, regarding it as a re- flection on the honesty of the service. The losses by ï¬re in the United S‘ates and Canada. in July last amounted to 814,- 026,500, as against $10,000,000 in July, 1886. The total loss for the ï¬rst seven months of 1887 was $76,918,1(0, against $63,900,000 for the corresponding period of 1886. The existence has been made known of an organized gang of rufï¬ans in Quebec who make it a practice to attack defenceless wo- men. One of their number has been arrest;- ed charged with brutally assaulting a little .girl at Montmorency Falls. Destructive bush ï¬res are raging on the Indian reservation near Caledonia, between three and four miles squnre being in flames. It is reported that several Indians have been burned to death. . Arrangements Wiilbe made for the utili- zation of the immence water power at Sault Ste. Marie on the completion of the proposed canal at that: place. 11: is expected that work on the canal will be commenced be- fore the winter sets in. The Thaputmeni; of Agriculture, Ottawa, has issued regulations to give effect to the vote of last session of Parliament of $0,000 in aid of agricultural societies in the North West Territories. The Department of Fisheries has received advices that three Canadian vessels, the Grace, Dolphin and \V. P. Sayward, have been seized by a United States cruiser in Behring’s Sea and taken to Sitka. The Rocky Mountain locust has made its appearance in large numbers in Beaver Riv- «er settlement, forty miles from Saskatoon, N.VV.'I‘., and has eaten up the crops. The Canada. Atlantic Railway Company is about to introduce a. system of electnc lighting on their cars. A couple of Frenchmen engaged in a. duel at Montreal on Saturday. As the pistols were loaded with blank cartridges nobody was hurt. Bush ï¬res are still raging in the vicinity of St. Thomas. In Michigan forest ï¬res are doing an immense amount of damage, and the village of Soundusky has been partially burned. HOME. It is estimate! that 25,000 people haye already passed their summer holidays 1n ‘Muskoka. this season. Lieut. Gordon’s report of the Hudson Bay exploratory expedition has just been issued. Some valuable information is given in regard to whaling on the bay. A ï¬re the other day damaged the proper- ty of the Montreal \Varehousing Company 00 the extent of $150,000. Premier Mercier has refused to accept the apology tendered by Le ï¬lontle newspaper, and the libel suit will be proceeded with in September. THE WEEK'S NEWS. FOREIGN. “\Vha.t 'becomes of the money of the miners ?†queried the reporter. “As in all mining communities, most of it is spent in dissipation. Kimbley is ï¬lled with dram and liquor shops, music halls, theatres, cock~pits, gambling dens, and every conceivable form of dissipation. Min- ers, as you know, are proverbial for their recklessness, and[ they literally waste their money in these places.†" The city is full of merchants who are al- ways ready to take diamonds off the miners hands. The prices paid are generally fair, for they are valued by impartial experts Who are paid for their work.†“The stone has never been out yet, nor has it ever been polished, but its value is in- disputable, and it has since then changed hands many times. The Frenchman who found it received $15,000 for his share. Spaulding, the owner of the diamond, sold it to J. B. Robinson, a diamond merchant who carried it to England. The stone was afterwards resold, and it is now in the French market and is the property of a. French company.†“ “'hat has been the yield of the Kimbley nu mines “ For the three years from 1871 to 1874 the aggregate value of the ï¬nds at Kimbley were eight million pounds or f( rty million dollars. Now the yield is from one to two million dollars per year. There is no diminution in the value of the finds ; on the contrary, the deeper the diggers go the more numerous the diamonds, and they improve in quality and luster the greater distance they_a.re from the surface of the earth. “ I had the honor of weighing the largest dimond ever found at the Kimbley diggings, and the largest one in the world so far. It was found on the claim of Robert Spaulding, an Englishman. Spaulding did not woxk the claim himself. It was Worked by a Frenchman named Antoine \Villiams, on shares, who found the diamond. I weighed it and placed a value upon it. ' “It weighed 288 carats and was valued “ It: {veighed at $60,000 ! But the public sentiment at Kimbley ap- proved the verdict. “What is the largest diamond ever found at Kimbley ?†.Of course they were arrested and tried for murder. Judge Barry was on the bench, the jury was composed of miners, who had no sxmpathy with “niggers,†and were especmlly hard thefts. Notwithstaudnig the judge’s efforts to have justice done the Atwell brothers were acquitted. The judge sarcastically thanked the Jury for their impartial action nnd expressed the hope that when they came to be tried at the great assize in heaven they would ï¬nd as excellent a. tribunal to mete out justice to them. Trusty negroes were furnished with diamonds, and made to act as decoys for the illicit buyers. When one was found, the vigilantes burned his house, gave him ï¬fty lashes upon his bare back in the public place of Kimbley, and made him leave the diggings. As has been stated, the ‘ ‘niggers†would despite the closest scrutiny, mauugeto secrete diamonds. The Atwell brothers, who worked a. claim at Kimbley, saw a. miner swallow a ï¬ne stone one day. They immediately seized him and cut him open, regaining the diamond} 'Of course, there are many illicit diamond buyers, who encourage the “ Diggers†in these thefts, and who buy from them all the diamonds they can steal. A strong feeling exists against the illicit buyers. The evil grew to such monstrous proportions that vigilance committees were iormed to teach illicit buyers a lesson or two about honesty. Traps were laid for them. In 1871, when the diamond fever was at its weight, Kimbley wasa canvas city of 90,00) souls. Imagine a. great sea of tents, in wmch the miners and diggers found a temporary home. It had the appearance at a distance as if an immense llock of white feathered birds covered the ground for thespace of many acres. Great hotels, made of canvas moved from day to day as the exigencies of the situation demanded, givuug a sleeping place at night to the thou- sands upon thousands of miners. Every roof in the town in 1570 was of canvas. The mining field extends over eighteen acres, divided oil" into claims thirty-one feet square. At ï¬rst these claims were sold to the miners at ten shillings each, and were taxed an additional ten shillings per month. After the revolution the govern- ment reorganized the letting of claims, and the Kimbley Mining Board decided that they were worth from twenty-ï¬ve pounds to sixty pounds sterning. according to the value of the ï¬nd, and were taxed also to support the Kimbley government. The ï¬elds or‘mines are worlZed by natives or “niggers,†who are paid ten shillings per week and found. There are from eight to ten “ niggers" to a claim, who are watched closely by an overseer. Notwithstanding the strictest espionage, the “ Diggers†man- age to secrete _a.nd steal diamonds. The government of Kimbley, under the control of England, consists of a. governor, a. judge, a superintendent of police, three magistrates, policemen and other ofï¬cers necessary to the execution of the law. There is no regiment stationed at Kimbley, though at the time the people revolted on account of the excessive taxation English soldiers were stationed there until all had become quiet. The population of Kimbley consists of representatives from every nation on earth. The sturdy Englishman is there in perhaps the greatest number, closely pressed by the enterprising American. There are French- men, Irishmen, Spaniards, Germans, Turks, Danes, Jews, Italians, Zulus, and people from the four quarters of the globe. There is in Atlanta, says the Constitution, the man who weighed, for the ï¬rst time, the largest diamond ever found in Africa. His name is J. D. Caldon. He was a. mem- ber of the London party of explorers that went out to South Africa in 1870, bent upon discovering diamonds and gold. And they did. The largest diamond ï¬eld in the World was their reward. This diamond ï¬eld is lo- cated on and near the river Voll, whiCh is the dividing line between the Transvaal re» public and the Orange Free State. Kay- wood’s Hope is the name of the place. There are two kinds of diggiugs there, the river diggings and the dry diggings. At the river diggings the process of ï¬nding dia- monds is akin to that of mining for gold on the plan employed in North Georgia, in the dry diggiugs the dirt that is mined is work- ed through many sitters, at ï¬rst coarse, but gradually ï¬ner and ï¬ner. Kimbley is the name of the mining town. “A few sena a part of their earnings 9n LHFE IN THE DIAZIXOND FIELDS. Should adorn the brow of the inventor of the great corn cure, Putnam’s Painless Corn Extractor. It works quickly never makes a. sore spot, and is just the thing you want. Sae that you get Putnam’s Painless Corn Extractor, the sure, safe and painless cure for corns. Lack of Romance. “ There is, after all, a. deplorable lack of romance in this progressive age of ours,†said a gentleman in a. jewellery store. “ In days gone by the betrothal ring was consid- ered as & sort/’bf love token, and the maiden who received it Wore it and doted upon it because of the spirit in which it was given. Now, howcve ‘, they are very particular, and it is no unusual thing for them to come here with their engagement rings and have setâ€" tings changed or some other little matter that doesn't suit them corrected. Now, that sort of thing is calculated to knock romance higher than a kite.†"It proved to be the hide of our big wild animalâ€"& genuine California lionâ€" and What do you suppose it measured? Nine feet from tip to tip. The oldest of these boys, mark you, was only nine, and the other younger. They had gone out hunting along the river and in the swamp for jack rabbits. They had killed several and at length coming out to the roadside, were appalled to see the lion standing there looking at them and preparing by his threatening gestures to come forward and attack him. \Vithout e. second’s hesitation Johnny Singleton, who carried the only gun, let fly a. charge of shot at him. He l it him plump in the head, then he let go the other barrel, and killed him (leader than a nit right there in his tracks.†The reason for resorting to bleeding, in these cases, as explained by the surgeon, is that the heat of the patient’s body had af- fected the blood so much as seriously to im- pede the circulation. It is as if the blood had been thickened with some substance. By drawing ofl‘ twelve ounces the tension on the veins is reduced so that the blood that remains can ï¬nd its way to the lungs and be puriï¬ed. Only exceptional cases are treated by bleedingâ€"[New York Sun. . The crops on Manitoulin Island and the North Shore are reported not to have been so good for many years. The Wheat crop of France is good, the es- timated yield being 100,000,000 hectolicres against 105,000,000 in 1886. The Rocky Mountain locust has made its appearance in large numbers in Beaver River settlement, torty miles from Saska- toon, N. “C T., and has eaten up the crops. Russian harvest reports are satisfactory, the crop is especially good in Bessarabia. and Podolia, doubtful in Volhynia, Minsk and Moheeley, owing to excessive rain, fair in the Province bordering on the Sea. of Azov and the River Don, and especially ï¬ne in Charkofl and Poltaua. Reports indicate that the corn crop has materially suffered throughout the \Vestern States from long-continued drought. Local rains have fallen in many localities since our reports have reached 111, but it is question- a‘ole whether the damage to the cor crop can be repaired even by general rains. The crop in in my parts of the \Vest is in a. la.- mentable condition. “’isconsin, Michigan, Iowa, Missouri. Ohio. Minnesota and Du.- kota. have suffered less than the other States. INSTANTANEOUSLY BENEFICIAL. The convulsions ceased, the temperature fell, and there was a. marked improvement in every way. By the advice of the consult- ing surgeon SIX ounxes more were drawn. The patient soon recovered consciousness, and in a. few days he was discharged cured. There were symptoms indicating that he might have meningitis, but the disease did not develop. Anothefcase of the same kind was treated in the same way. John McGinness, 35 years old, a grocer, was the patient. His case was not so serious as that of Mr. McNamara, though very serious. \Vhen he got to the hospital he was in convulsions, and his tem- perature was 107. He got there at 3 o‘clock, and was taken in hand by Dr. VVedekind, who drew twelve ounces of blood. By 4 o’clock the man was conscious and able to tell who he was. Yesterday he was taken home in a. carriege. A Youthful Lion Killer. “ In a. rude stage, over the rough moun- tain road from North Yakima to Ellens- burg, in February last, I and a. lot of others were traveling. Ihe snow was very deep and it was pretty cold. \Ve had got within about a. mile of Ellensburg, Which is the in- itial trading point in the Kitbitas valley, when we saw at the roadside, next to a. low marsh, a monster wild animal suspended partly to a. bent willow tree, the other part resting on the ground. The skin had been freehly taken off, Six ounces of blood, about as black as ink when it ï¬rst began to run, the surgeons say, were drawn. The effect was “Men, boys, and even women were standing in groups. discussing something eagerly. Down the princtpal street was a. bigger crowd advancing toward us, headed by two little boys dragging something over the snow. Mr. McNamara. isn. loarge, ï¬eshy man. He was overcome by the heat at about 6.20 o‘clock on the evening of July 14, at the South Ferry. \Vhen he got to the hospital he was apparently in the cnnvulsious of death. His temperature was 108.S°. From his color and general symptoms Dr. Lute Wedekind, who was in charge, decided to bleed him. was cured by thg old-fashioned method of bleeding, has excited considerable discussion among medical men, for the reason that in few cases is is now the, style to bleed a. pa.- tient, éonunnn as bleeding used to be, ., uccesslul in Two Desperate Cases in n New York ('Hy llosplml. The case of Thomas McNamara, the glass engraver who was taken to Chambers Street; Hmpital sufferin frpgn sunstroke, where he home to wives and families and relations, some buy other claims, and add to their wealth in this manner. Some build good houses, and the city is now fast; becoming a. well-built, substantial place ; but the majo- rity of the miners live rapidly and quickly spend all they can get.†BLEEDING FSDR SENSTROKE The Victor‘s (frown THE CROPS. The E. & G. GurneyCo.(Ld) STOCKMEN, give this valuable pre- paration a. fair trial. It Duel-ates promptlyand eï¬ectually in destroying Ticks and other vermin pests, as well ‘. w. as in eradicating all affections of the W v a; ‘F1 ' 'skin to which Sheeparesubject. Sold in Tins at 350., 700. and $1. A 35c. Tin will clean 20 Sheep or 35 Lambs. HUGH MILLER 81 00.. Toronto. NINE GOLD MEDAL “"132?£“é‘ï¬â€˜Ã©i?£°%of;éï¬mizï¬m Ergrg‘isxgogskaEs' murmured n QUEEN crrv on. WORKS by GURNEY FURNAGES . ears’stn'ndinz; Robb. ‘ornell, ‘34 South St. laughterrxured of En- ,epti»: Fits after six 'van'fluï¬erinz : Jen- nie lllrrell, :35 Walnut ‘ ' " in. cured of Weak} nuns and Lulu: Trouble; John Wood, H5 ()athcurt Sf... cured of Liver Complaint and Biliouaness. used only 3 ï¬fty-cent bottlls; Mrs. J, Heal. U Augusta St... troubled for years with Nervous Prostration, two mall bottles gave hPl' great relief. Sold at 50c. 8L $1. 1‘“ F. DALLEY 8; CU†Prouriemm. Diplomas awarded in Collegiate Course, Commer- cial Science, Penmanship, Mimic, Fine Arts and Llo- cution. nge classes prepared ye ulv for matricula- tion in Arts, Law, Medicine and Theology. (Flu ‘86. out o! 6 candidates for aecond-Class Teachers' Certiï¬cates 4 were succeusful. Record equally good in other departmrnis. Fullterm ~ egins Tuesday, Sep. 6, ' ". Send for circulars. Address Fflï¬fï¬mEï¬ï¬ï¬ THRESBEBS. EW Importations.- Iliggins’ Eureka. Washing- ton and Ashton Brands, in large or smullsacks. Also Ilice’s Canadian Salt. Wriï¬e forrrprjyes. “m'luuhmwï¬kï¬tum m m lbrl. Ina...“ “mum‘s-nub“... Dairy Salt, Samples on application. TORONTO. ONT {5.19.7013 7 E" “(If 3mm MACHINE " L. D. S." ENGINES, "000, 00“. All) STBAW BURHEHS, rum m rumor. " Grain Saver " and “ Peerless" .nruAu-onn. ails, :uul Burning tor Cubulnulm 15A 37 Neon, : II. “'M. ARMSTRONG. I ermaluloglst. Speciulty, skin diseases, Serolula and all dis- eu-Ieaof the blood. All cancers cured that are cut-~- ahle, without. the use (i the knife. otï¬ce hours, from 9 to 12 3.111. and from 1:30 to 4 30 11111., Sulxbaths ex- (‘Fpted‘ 28 llundnn Shh-cf, Toronm. 23 A Dauï¬i 137:1. TORONTO. All classes ofï¬ne w ark. Mfrs. odenm' Em Shamanism! Fat-mums. Semdï¬otpflcea. MELLER’S TICK DESTROYER. MANUFACTURERS. M. STAUNTON 8t. 00., Maul my cum I do no: menu memly to flop them for a “me Ind than hlVe them return agaln. I mean u rndch cure. I lave made the discus of FITS, EPILEPSY or FALL- ING BIOKNESa lift-long study. I win-ant my remedy lo cure the worn cues. Became other! In“ failed II n "non for no‘ new recaivlng a cure. Send :1 once for a lrenlu sad I Free Bonlo o! my Infalllble remedy. GIva prmu Ind P0“ om". It can" you naming {or I kids, I_nd I wIIIcnl-elou. Address DB. 3. G. 3021‘, A Biaï¬hhflflibé. 37'Yhhï¬Ã©'8tf,'T'druntna “hum LIH'JI‘KT ('IIIAIII'IGI‘Z. ISI‘.I4I.L\II.I.I-Z, 031'. unaltered 12337. Over 4. U0 Students enrolled JAt as rum ,g MN, Recent Testimonial to HAMILToN. TORONTO. MQNTREAL. and WINNIPEG. Certiï¬cates 4 were succeusful. Record ood in other depamnvnts. Fullcerm ~ egins Sep. 6, '87. Send for circulars. Address USE ONAYOUR MACHINERY ONLY THE WELL-KNOWN Wholesale Produce Meroiï¬n E47Torontn‘ REV. W. P. DYER. M.A., Principal FOR BUTTER, ETC‘ mormmns 0F HUBBCH ,S[_AMPS.W§J§ urning Brands, ab. aeud ue. bARBh‘R BROS. 00., Scott St†Toronto SAMUEL ROGERS & 00.. TORONTO. "mun-s. A Perfect Hood Puriï¬er. A few 11 Hamilton who have >eeu beneï¬ted by its Lie: Mrs. M. Keenan. 92 Robert Sh, cured Erysipelgs of tyo HE Greatest Dls- covery of the resentnge for REGU- ATING mu Bowns, ND CURING all BLOOD, .van and KIDNRYCOM- M. MCGREGOR, PASTOR. J. H. FERGUSON, CARETAKER. c. THOMSON, CHAIRMAN B’n’oâ€"C‘o'u J. FARNSWORTH, B’D’G INSPECTOR. Send for Catalogue. cm DEAR SIR,â€"This is to certity that; the two Gurney-Harris No. 15 \Vood Furnaces, placed by you in our Avondale Presbyterian Church, have given complete satisfaction. We have found it possible to beat our building, from freez- ing point up to 60 deg. in two hours. We have also found them to be very economical in the matter of fuel. We can cheerfully recommend these furnaces to any parties Who contemplate heating by Hot Air. To W. E. CONN, Tilsonburg, Ont. : (Signed), SILVER PLATED WARES. Salllng during Winter from Portland every Thun- day and Balllax every Saturday to Liverpool. and In summer from Quebec every Saturday to Liverpool, callim: st Londonderry to land mails and passengell {or Swtlend and Ireland; also from Baltimore. v1. Halihx and St. John’s, N.F.. to Liverpool fortnigth during summer months. The steamers of the Glen gow llnes sail duri,g winter to and from Helm; Portland, Boston an Philadelphia; and durln sum- mer between Glasgow and Montreal weekly; G asgow and Boston weekly, and Glasgow and Philadelphia fortnightly. Forufreiizhb. passage, or other information a Ely h A. Schumacher & 00., Baltimore; 5. Cum: 00.. Halifax ; Shea £5 00., St. John’s, NJ‘. ; Wm. Thomp- qon Gr 00., St. John, N.B.; Allan&Oo.,Chloago Love 81 Alden, New York; H. Bourller, Toronto} Allann. Rae & 00., Quebec; Wm. Brookle, Phlhdll- phia: E. A. Allen Parkland Rmton Montreal. Toronto Silver Plato Go, A Delicious and nonriqhing Breakfast Beverage, con- tains a propwrtion of German Dandelion Root, which u-tg inedwinaily on the Liver and Stomach, purifying the blood and invigorating the system. Prepared only by ELLIS & KEIGHLEY, TORONTO. The largest and most Irresperous open Assessment Asrxocintion in the war! , desires active re resents- “YES in every section of Canada. Liber induce- merits. It has full Government deposit, and undo: the supervision of Insurance Department at Ottawa Correspondem‘e solicited. Address, Almlgiaa §9xa!__Ma4L 73993111181111): ALL GOODS L‘UARANTEED. TO R O N TO. ABY’S Biii'ï¬â€™lDAYn Royal Dandelion Goï¬â€˜ee. TheMutualReserveFund LIFE ASSOCIATION. [RECTIOR‘S‘ B9}: STAMPING AND BE- CEI PTS mr mammal-Luring four diï¬erenc pow- dersâ€"blue, white, yellow and the French liquid stampng for plush, ve‘Jret and silk, minutelydescril» ed in punt, all sent by mail for 40 cents. C. BTID- )1 AN FIERUE, 41 King St. Ea- t. Toronto. Butterick'a pnltb‘rhs and hooks niwam on hand. PATENT Sl'ii‘riï¬fliï¬ï¬i‘imgfliï¬ï¬‚ tent Attorneyq, and experts in Vacant Causes. Exhib- lished 1367. Donald C. lllduul .t (‘0.. Toronto. J. D. WEI-LS, Branch 0556'. 3'7‘Yaï¬gs’sa. Toronto I hnve a positive remedy for the nhovadiseue ; in in no thousands oi‘caae- onhe worst kind nu i orionx standing hive been cured. Indeed, so strong is my faith in “I Ifllucy, that i wi'l semi TWO BOTTLES FREE, togathd' with I VALUABLE TREATISE on this diseuo w my Meter. Giva exprvsl and Pi 0V Iddreu. DR. '1". A. SLOCUM, ASSESSMENT SYSTEM MANUFACTURERS OF THE HIGHEST GRADE @P TRADE Wells. mound-on a; 06°. Monti-Ml. A Beautiful Imported Birthday Card mg to any baby whose mother will send name names of two or more other babies. nnd that! parents‘ addresses Also I. handsome Dh- mond Dye Sample Card Go the mother ml much valuable inlormation. lung Street East. Toronto. gm“ MARK. General Minager,