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Deeenping Soil Slowly. Almost any one will concede that it deep, rich soil is better than one fertilized to aless depth with cold, infertile soil beneath. It is somewhat curious that the descriptive ad- jective “ cold ” is always used in connection with poor subsoil. If it can in any cheap way be wrmncd, that is probably [LS good a method of i’nuking it more productive as can be wished. The coldness is usually the re sult of excessive moisture, or rather water that remains stagnant because there is no way for it to escape by drying out. \Va-ter that percolutes through the soil, except it be {L pure sand, does not injure it. The water passing through the soil is followed by air, and this helps to warm it after warm weather comes in Spring. \‘Vhat a soil full of stagnant water needs is under-draining. Often, however, the subsoil is cold, merely because surfaeerooted crops only have been grown on it. Timothy sod has n mass of roots near the surface, while below it is cold and inert. Growing clover on such land often serves many of the purposes of under- draining, provided the soil is not full of water. But it must be understood that clover will not succeed on land where stag- nant water is found several months in the year. To plow snob land deeply without first drztining and clovering it, turns to the surface It mass of poor soil, While burying beneath the furrow that suited for feeding the roots of many kinds of plants. Thequantityof manure toapplyto theacre, depends on the amount of manure on hand and the extent of surface you desire to cover. Also the kind of crop you are preparing the land for. \Vhen you plow the manure under, if of good quality, apply from fourteen to sixteen ordinary loads, for top-dress, twelve loads if well pulverized and evenly distrib~ uted will give good results; but if you have a reasonably large surface to cover and your supply of manure is limited, I would advise less rather than more. Be sure to spread evenly, coverinér all the ground as far as you go, so that if you do not have enough to cover the whole field you may know where to begin to manure for next crop. If there are Very thin spots you may apply consid- i drably heavier on these to advantage. If your land is level and no danger of waste by wash, I would advise to haul all the manure you can direct from the stables, as it saves a great amount of labor and the waste (except on hill sides) will be nomore than is generally lost by being left around the barn; besides you are able to keep a better appearance about the premises. Let lne protest against the wasteful practice of so many of hauling out and putting in piles, as too much goes into the ground immediately under them, and during decomposition of the pile which takes place immediately, there is waste by escape of gases, which are the elements of fertility. Thepile also dries out in dry weath» cr, decreasing the volume so much as to make it impossible to cover all the ground and get an even distribution of the element of fertility. 0n steep hillsides you should plow immediately after appying. I have a twentyâ€"fiveâ€"acre field which I expect to plant to corn and have covered about twenty acres of the same, Our manure spreader has enabled us to cover more surface and to do it better than we could otherwise have done. VVhile it is a fact that nitrogen, phosph i- rie acid, and potash are in most cases the only ehemi ‘al constituents necessary to add to any soil to prevent ultimate exhaustion by continual cropping, the knowledge of the fact (says a bulletin from the New Bruns- wwk Experiment Station) becomes profitable largely in proportion as it is moditied by the individual farmer so as to conform to his soil and to his crops. It happens too frequently that the increase in crop from the use of comâ€" plete manure is produced by one or two only of the elements present. When, as is often the ease, nitrogen is inactive, orproduees an abnormal effect from the presenee of insuffi- cient quantities of phosphoric acid and pot» ash,andimmediate ret urnsare unsatisfactory, future gains are also problematic, sinee nit- rogen. in readil_ ivailahle farms, is easily movable in the soil, and eventually lost. 'l’ho~ sphorie acid and potash, on the other hand, if inactive for immediate crops, are retained in the soil, and serve for future crops. Statistics in regard to the composition and cost of the complete manure in 1888 showed that the average cost of the nitrogen containâ€" ed in them was one-third of their total cost. In the use of fertilising materials, and especi- ally of this most extensive element, nitrogenâ€" great care should be exercised ; and the use of unmixed materials, for studying the var- ious soils and crops, is particularly advised. It is believed that a study of this bulletin, besides indicating the cheapest sources and best qualities of fertilising materials, will tend to direct attention to actually valuable constituents, and furnish a proper basis from which to estimate values of complete fertil- isers. Attention is too frequently drawn from this point to comparisons on the ton basis, which have no value unless the tons comparâ€" ed c0nta1n £116 same amounts and kinds of plant food. Prof. Fernew, in his directions lor planting a tree, says: The practice of using water while planting can hardly be said to he a. good one, unless the water is Very carefully applied with a “rose” after the soil is well filled in and packed around the fihrous roots. Especially with a soil which has a tendency to clog, there is great danger of an uneven distribution and settling, with consequent empty spaces betWeen the roots. More trees are probably killed by too much water in transplanting than by too little. \Vater after the transplanting, (and perhaps before the last shovels of earth are filled in) .es- peeially if the soil \‘as dry, is useful and should he applied during the hot season, choosing the late afternoon or evening for applying it. Any mulch of waste material, hay, straw, or litter, wood shavings or chips, sawdust, or even stones simply placed around the foot of the tree, is of excellent service in checking evaporation. Keeping the ground free from weeds and grass. and preventing it from baking, by oectsional hocing and l':Llilll':’. is advisable. To prevent the ll'l"‘S from being swayed lyy the wind, if of lai'g: r size, they should he staked firmly: a loose post is worse than none. The tying should he so done as not to c it or injure the tree : a treeâ€"hex insures more safety against accidents. \Vith the AGRICULTURAL. The Rational Use of Fertilisers. Applying Manure. Planting Trees. Years of experience have satisfied many that the best results from setting hens are obtained when they are left to themselves. The making of desirable nests is of much imâ€" pormnce to successful hatching of eggs. There are various styles of nests which have met with the very best results. \Ve have had excellent results by making a nest with two inches of sand for the bottom, then place hay or straw cut short to prevent the lion’s feet from catching in it and injuring the eggs; hollow the nests only enough to pre- vent the eggs from rolling out in front, sprinkle thoroughly with insect powder, then you are ready to give the hen posses- sion. Place her on the nest at night and if necessary darken the box by hanging a cloth in front until she sets steadily. Do not for- get to feed, water and supply the hen with a good (lust bath, and see that they are well cued for. If you intend to breed thoroughbred poul- try get the best, for it costs no more to feed, keep and house choice stock than it does the common mongrels, and there is a great dif- ference in their looks and usefulness. It is a waste of time and money to breed poor fowls, when good ones can be had at fair priees- , . , a Summarizing the elements of success in treevplanting, they are: 1. Trees suitable to soil and surrounding conditions ; ‘2‘ A well developed mot-system, kept in living condition ; 3. \Vide holes and mellow soil ; 4. Film packing of soil around the roots. development of the crown it becomes neces- sary to trim it, so as to carry the top above reach. 1 ,,,,,, Use every means to tame your blrds. Some breeds are more easily tamed than others, but if you keep your poultry as tame as a house dog, they will lay more eggs, and will also lay on more flesh than if you had to chase them about every time you wanted to look them over. The milking should be done quietly at regular times and the utmost cleanliness observed. A good dail‘yman says always give salt in the food of dairy cows, never less than one ounce per day, or one-half of one per cent of the live weight per month. 1~1 . W .. .Dm,” Cleanhness and common sense mpphed from the beginning to the end, are abso- lutely necessary to insure good butter that wi_H_ brjng file highest price in the markgt. r 1 No definite rule can be given for feeding a good cow. Her food will depend upofi her owner’s supply, her appetite, digestion, and the Value of her marketable goods. The length of themilking period of r» wellâ€" bred and well»de cow depends on the regular and persistent, milking by her at- tendant, It should be 300 to 350 days, 01‘ Within a month of calving. Latest advices from China state that the Christians and foreigners 0f \Vuchang, capital of thelarge province of Hupeh are in imminent danger of being attacked by the excited populace. rl‘his sudden and Violent antipathy is said to he owing to the efforts of the literati, who have made the utmost use of the press to poison the minds of the common people. \Vhat has inflamed the literati we are not told To effect their purpose, they have had posted up in the most conspicuous places large numbers of ohscenc and inflammatory placards against the Christian religion, while supplementary to the posters were two cartoons, one repre- senting the Crucifixion and the other a lhristian worship. Rev. Mr. Partridge, an American Missionary, writes of their pie- tures, “They are too vile and obscene to be described minutely in the public press ; suffice it to say that these represent the §aviour as a pig and the incarnation of the god of lust. They have been laid before the unions Consuls for their inspection, and all tgrec that the annals of antiquity furnish nothing to compare with them.” By such means as these and by freely scat- tering through the streets anti-Christian poetry and books the rowdy element, at the time of writing, had become greatly excited and were issuing violent threats against the native Christians. This is certainly alarm- ing news. And yet, have Christian nations (lone nothing to provoke these hostilities? \Vlnit else could the Christian nations of America expect, who have taken such pains to enact laws that cannot fail to {Ball and exasperate every patriotic son of the land of Confucius? This is only a vigorous and violent application of the principle of exclusion which we ourselves have introduc- ed. It is paying us hack in our own coin, with the addition of an interest which might be expected from a people who know not the law of Christian forgiveness and love Too late the governments "of America may learn that in passing their Chinese re» strictive legislation they have jeopardized ‘if not actually sacrificed those inestimahle privileges which have opened up to com- merce the most populous kingdom on the face of the globe. Emperor William and the Peace of Europe. In his speech before the German Reichstag the other daydfimperor \Villiam let fall a few sentmees which serve to harmonize his acâ€" tions with his words. Frequently since his accession to the throne he has expressed his grew desire for peace, and has taken special pains to cultivate the friendship of the lead- ing Curopean powers by making visits to theireeurts, and in other ways. And yet in the fme of this it has been known for ver- al weeks that the young emperor proposed to as: his new parliament for an increased gram for army expenses. The ineongruity was so glaring that many hogan to doubt the sincerity of his pacific pretensions. His ex- planition is now before the public. It is to the (fleet that he regards the maintaining of th: peace of Europe as a work in which (iernamy must take a prominent part, and that at present her equipment is not, propor- tionate to that of other emlntries which in this respect have forged ahead so rapidly of Feature years. The old equilibrium must he restowd if peace is to be maintained. “(10r- nniny,” 5a) the emperor, “ recognizes it her ditv to protect/peace by cultivating zilli» urn-esfur purposes of defence and also by per- fec‘eng her it IDELII'IOHES, for which purpose :1 new nili’un'y credit will he asked.” Of course in is easy to suiythat this is only a blind hrown out, to deceive the other nations uniil he young Hotspur shall have perfect- Alarming News from China. Hen Setting. Dairy Notes. ed his }lnis, and that ti en he will strike a blow which will shake the temple of peace to its foundation. Such a statement may be made. but in order to give color to it, one needs to borrow one’s data from the ambitious designs and deeds of other prin- ces, whose shameful record has Come down to us ; for whatever may have been the ex- pectations that men held concerningr the pre~ sent occupant of the (lei-man throne, his deeds since his accession give no support to the notion that he has any disposition to sacrifice his subjects in order to further any personal ambitious designs. 0n the con~ trary, he has shown a paternal interest which could hardly have been looked for in one so young. Not a little of the work of the present parliamentary session will be de- voted to promoting legislation in favor of the workingmen : such as bills regulating Sunday work, women’s and children’s labor, the better organization of industrial courts of arbitiration so the courts may be appeal- ed to for the settlement of disputes between the employers and the employed. Until the young Kaiser shall have given some evidence of a cunning and ambitious spirit, it is only fair to suppose that, however wise or otherwise his plans may be, his purposes touching the good of his subjects are honest and sincere. Such an exercise of charity is only just to him and will do those who in- dulge it no harm. The Church of England in Wales The controversy between the friends and fees of the Church of England in X’S’ales has of late been occupying a large place in the English press. The London Times devotes an article of three columns and a quarter, not to speak of columns of correspondence, to the church side of the question. One point that is brought out is that the only body which makes an effective provision for the spiritual needs of the Englishâ€"speakin% population of \Vales is the Establishe< church. Its strongest rivals among the \Velsh Nonconformists can claim,l (is urged, only one per cent of the 600,000 English- speaking Christians of \Vales. It is added that the strongest Noneonformist body in \Vales deliberately excludes from its minis~ trations the open sinner and the poormthe classes that most need counsel and guidance from the ministers of religion. An article in the Quarterly is largely quoted as evi- dence that the church in Wales has shown good cause for continued existence. On the other hand, among the \Velshspeaking in- habitants Nonconformists undoubtedly pre- ponderate and their action lately in connec- tion with the tithe question goes to prove that the agitation for religious freedom from state control is not likely to subside, even apart from the sympathy of English Lib erals. The “Sweating System” in Eng- land Two years ago the attention of the House of Lords, England, was directed to the? “sweating system,” which, as is generally known, receives its name from the fact that employers of labor, taking advantage of the great multitude of persons waiting to be employed and the deep poverty of many, which leads them to accept for their labor any compensation however meager, extort the utmost of work for the merest reward! in fact screw down the prices so low that only by the most diligent application con- tinued through inhumanly long hours can the poor employers earn the harest subsisâ€" tence. Accordingly a committee was appointâ€" ed to gather information and report. In August of last year they reported that they had sat to receive evidence on seventy~one occasions, and had examined two hundred and ninetyâ€"one witnesses touching some thnteen industries, situated in London and other 111anufaeturi1ig centres throughout the Kingdom. The witnesses compl ised cle1gy- 111en, physicians, statisticians, government ofiieials, &e., whose testimony concerned the trades of clothing, boots and shoes, shirt- making, furriers, etc, etc. The report coming in so late in the session the House was unable to deal properly with it, and so the committee was granted another yeai’s lease of life. \\ ithin the past week they have made another r'epo1t in which the evils of the system are exposed with painful dis~ tinetness. To 1e1nedy their lot the 1eport 111ges the hands to combine and by 01 gan- ization f01 (-0 their employers to pay better “ages and grant sho1ter hours of labor. The committee pressed upon ’arliament the necessity of legislative interference to correct the evils arising from the system. ‘It is to be hoped that something will he done to relieve the distress of these helpless operatives, many of whom are practically heathen, and whose lot must he mitigated before any progress can he made in raising them to a higher plane, intellectual or mor- al. Columbus was the son of a weaver, and a weaver himself. Cervantes was a. common soldier. Homer was the son of a small farm‘ er. Demosthenes was the son of a cutler. Oliver Cromwell was the son of a London brewer. Franklyn was a journeynien print- er. the son of a tallow chandler and soap boiler. Daniel Defoe was ahostler. Cardinal \Volsey was the son of a butcher. Virgil’s father was a porter. Shakespeare was the son of a wool serapler. Milton was the son of a money serivener. Mohammed was a driver of asses. Napoleon, a descendant of an obscure family of Corsica, was a major when he married Josephine, (laughter of a tobacconist Creole in Martinique. {J ohn Jacob Astor once sold apples in the streets of New York. Catherine, Empress of Russia, 'as a camp grisctte, Mine Bernadott was a washerman in Paris. Horace was the son of a shopkeeper. Vienna dispatches state that “Princess Victoria, sister of the German Emperor, has asked an increase of her uppanage allowance in order to estuhlish her own household in London, as she does not intend to marry.” This is bad news, especially seeing that the royal matrimonial market is already so poorly supplied with princesses; there being hut nineteen to be distributed anion},r eighty-two princes. And this makes the outlook for the poor princes so much the worse. \Vhrltever could have puss“ sed the fair lady to come to such a conclusion? \Vhy, instead of one she might have had half {L dozen princes for husband, provided they would accommodate her and die off in time. There is no help for it however, for There is no help for it however, for “ \thn :1 woman wills. she wilL And you mu) depend on it; But, when she won‘t. she won’t, And thn!’< an end on it.’ Great Men. The infliction of capital punishment upon the murderer for the purpose of (ietn‘ring others from committing the like crime has long prevailed among civilized nations. That it accomplishes the end for which it was designed is more and more qx esiionxd by many students of penology, who appeal to the criminal records in support of their contention. Two facts, they claim. prove its inutility. First, the compzn'mh ely few convictions for murder, even when the evi- dence points irresistibly to guiit; and second, the diminishing list of murders in those countries where capital punishment has been abolished. In reference to the un- willingness of juries to bring in a verdict of guilty Where the charge is for murder, the Chicago Times- has published this wry re- markable table of the murders committed in the United States during the last six years : Total of six years. 14,770 558 975 It will thus be seen that during the six years covered by the table, murder was legally punished in only one case out of about twenty seven, while in about one case out of fifteen it was revenged outside of the law. In more than thirteen thousand cases it went without capital punishment, if it was punished at all. Even in England, though the disproportion is not so great, it is sufficiently striking. Out of 1,766 cases of wilful murder reported by coroners dur» ing the ten years ending with 1888, only 672 persons were brought to trial, and of these 373 were acquitted or found insane. 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 The explanation of this uncertainty of the application of capital punishment is found partly 1n the provision relating to juries which requires an unanimous verdict, and partly in the circumstance that in rare cases innocent persons have atoned for crimes which they never committed. Sir James Mackintosh estimated that, “ taking a long period of time, one innocent man is hanged in every three years ;” while the late Chief Baron Kelly figured up that from 1802 to 1840 no fewer than twenIy-two innocent men were sentenced to death, and seven of the number actually executed. This fact is known to jurors who have become extretne- 1y cautious in pronouncing judgment of guilt. Nor is it desirable that they should feel otherwise. Better that the guilty should escape than that the innocent should suffer. Better that the prisoner should have the benefit of the doubt, if any doubt exists. All the same it tends to reduce the deter. rent aspect of the law, inasmuch as the mur~ dercr has reason for concluding that he stands a fair chance of escaping the ex» treme penalty of the law, if not escaping punishment altogether. Even in England, where justice is more swift and certain than in any other country of the world, there are only 49 convictions out of 100 committals for murder, and of the 49 about 14, on an averâ€" age, are found to be insane. In cases of crime other than capital the proportionate number of convictions is 76. But a second argument used by those who would do away with the death penalty is, the gradually diminishing:r number of mur- ders in those countries where capital punish- ment has been abolished. 111 Belgium there has been no executions since H63. The number of murders for ten years before 9'2]; for the ten years, 703. Finland has had no execution since 1824‘, and murders are ex» tremely rare. Holland abolished capital punishment in 1870 with decrease in inur- ders, despite an increase of population. Of course the experience of these three coun- tries would not be a sufficient datum to ground a general conclusion which could only rest securely on a. more general experi» ence. If‘ however, the coming facts should harmonize with those of the three countries named, the sole justification of the death dealing law will be removed, and the die- tates of humanity will then demand its abolition. Report of the Pasteur Institute Pasteur is no longer an uniamihar name, having been frequently upon the lips of men the world over during the last five years. We have come to think of it in connection with one of the greatest discoveries of the age. How much the world already owes the man who bears it may be gathered from the report of the Pasteur Institute, which has just been published giving complete statistics regarding hydrophobia, and the results of the Pasteur treatment since the method was first applied to human subâ€" jects. Between January 1, 1886, and December 31, 1889, not less than 7,893 per- sons have been bitten by mad dogs and reated at the Pasteur institute. Of these 53 (lied. In striking contrast to this small fraction is the percentage of .deaths among persons bitten by mad dogs and not treated by the Pasteur method. Physicians are unanimous in placing this percentage at 15.95, in other words, 7,893 persons actual- ly treated, 1,265 “ould but for this great discovery have died. Pasteur can there- fore have the satisfaction of knowing that more than 1,200 lives have been saved by his institute alone during the past five years. The e111peror of Austria does not seem to believe in “ Women’s Rights.” Three Polish widows, a few days ago, appealed to the 111i11ist1y of \‘ar in Vienna. for the privilege of orrraniyinv an Amer/0n e01ps {01 the 1111- per i111 Austrb 1:111 and Hungarian army ,[ he three widous claimed that young \1 omen had 11s much right to assist in the defence of their eoun y as had their fathers or brothers, The applicants gave an exhibition of their skill in the use of arms and their knowledge of military evolutions. They offered to equip and train the corps at their own ex» pense. The petition was pigeonholed. The Amazons then appealed personally to the emperor, who heard them in silence and dismissed them without an answer. They now announce that if his 11111jesty does not grant their request they will organize their corps anyway. under the name of the Amazon Free Lancers. If the emperor re fuses to grant the petition, it would he inâ€" teresting to hear his 10 Lsons Nohody doubts that women can tight leal well when they want to. Capital Punishment. Austrian Amazons LIT/(Ll )Iurdarx. Excvzb Lg/iu'h {I‘D/M. {VII/‘4, ”3,377 103 219 ...1.808 108 181 1,808 1,499 2,335 2,184 00 r) 9) 103 108 83 79 87 98 I33 1‘23 144 I75 Tuesday As I grow older, and come near» er to death, I look upon it more and more with complacent joy, and out of every long; ing I hear God say : “() thirsting, liungering one, come to me." What the other life will bring I know not, only that I shall awakd n (iod‘s likeness, and see Him as He is. If a child had been born and spent all his life in the Mammoth Cave, how impossible would it be for him to comprehend the upper world ‘. His parents might tell him of its life, and light, and beauty, and its sounds of joy; :hey might heap up the sand into mounds, mid try to Show him by pointing,r to stalac- tites how grass, and flowers, and trees grow out of the ground, till at length, “ith labori~ (me thinking, the child would fancy he had gained a true idea of the unknown land. And yet, though he longed to behold it, when the day came that he was to go forth it would be with regret for the familiar crystals, and the roek-hewn rooms, and the quiet that reigned therein. But when he came up, some. May morning, with ten thousand birds sing» ing in the trees, and the heavens bright, and blue, and full of sunlight, and the wind blow- ing softly through the young leaves aglitter with dew, and the landscape stretching away green and beautiful to»the horizon, with what rapture would he gaze about him, and see how poor were all the fancyings and in» terpretations which were made within the caveâ€"«Henry Ward Beecher. Join in this 50h mn, univc ‘ '11 squ._ Golden Thoughts for Everyday. Mondztyfi 0. 1i itcn, man A voice within us speaks the startling word. “Mun, thou shalt never die 2" Celestial voices Hymn it round our souls ; according harps, lly angel fingers touohkl, when the mill stars (lf morning Hung logoblier, sound forth still The song of our great immortality! ’l‘liivk Mastering orbs. and this our fair domain, Thu 1:11], (1: E; mountains, and tho deep-toned \Vednesdayâ€"Not one religion worthy of recognition has existed that has not worked out the problem of life on the side of hope as ending in a state of painlessness and peace. Now we know that such a state is not in any way like the active conditions of this life, because in nothing is struggling more fertile than pain. All doing involves undoing ;a11 moving involves disturbance; all act vity involves change, so that no good thing in this life can he or ever is pennan- ent. The babe grows up, but by growing grows up out of your arms and out of your house, and you grow apart. The final do» n’mnd of life is that you shall die. You die to give others life. It is altogether a pm» cessof feeding on eachotlier.~E. P. Poll-ell. Thursdayâ€" Como, 0 thou universal good! Balm of lhe wounded conscience, come ! Haven to take the shipwrecked in, My everylasting rest from skin ! Come, 0 my comfort and delight! Mv strength. and health, and shield, and sun. My hmw. my confidence and might, My joy, my glory, and my crown ! â€"A’uon,ymons. Fridayâ€"«“70 pray, O Lord I If there be those now in thy presence who are in sorrow or bereavement, who are in manifold afflicâ€" tion, that they may find the communion of the spirit, refreshing and comforting to their souls. For thou art the consolel'. Thou art the comforter. Ten thousand hast thou comforted in prison, on the scaffold, in the \Vllderncss, on beds of sickness. in solitary , s Thou art the comforter still. Not as {my (119 111311 is comforter to another art thou; but thy comfm ting influence 1s spread 1111' 1111mm], through the heaven and earth, among 111] the snrrowing. 'Jhon dost gmnt consolation tn 1111 than are in trouble.â€"‘ Hurry Ward Bur/m: Sam rduylâ€" The Greeks said grmidiy in their tragic phrase, “ Lot no one he cull-ad happy till his death." To whivh I add i0! m» min till his death Until the day's out and the labor done: Bu culled unhu‘mxy. Mousurcnobthc work Then bring your gauges. So familiar have readers of this age become with the accounts of zerolites fallingr to earth that the statement of the fact is at once ac.» eeptcd, the only feeling being one of regret that the spectacle appearing to others had not lveen g ‘anted to us. It vas not always so, however. The 18th century had almost closed before men of science began to admit that there was even an open question con- Corningr this phenomenon ; while many positively refusedIohelievein their er tence. Even so great an authority as Lavo _. er cut s'iort the discussion hydeelaring, “There are no stones in the sky, therefore none can fall upon the earth." Had he been living in the state of Iowa last Week he would now feel disposed to modify his former statement. Reports from various parts of the state an» nounce that an zerolite of great size was seen by many thousand citizens. The sound it produced in passing)r through the atmosphere was suggestive of an earthquake, while the path it travelled was marked by a column of smoke plainly visible. Thus does the hammer of hard facts shatter many a fair theory which was supposed to be all-compre- hending; and thus is it shown that even the physical scientist may cultivate the grace of modesty with comfort to himself and profit to his fellow men. In Stanley’s report to the British Govern ment in regard to his expedition for the re» lief of Emin ’asha, he speaks as follows of the discovery of an immense forest: “ \Ve can prove that east and north and northeast of the Congo there exists an immense area of about 250,000 souare miles which is cover. ed lvy one unbroken, compact and veritable forest. "' ‘* ‘* Through the core of this forest we travelled for thirteen months, and in its gloomy shades many scores of our dark followers perished. Our progress through the dense undergrowth of bush and amhi. tious young trees which grew beneath the impervious shades of the forest giants, and which was matted hy arums, phrynia and amoma, meshed 11y endless lines of ealamus, and complicated by great eabledike eonvol» vnli, was often only at the rate of 400 yards an hour. Through such obstructions as these we had to tunnel a way for the eolm’nn to pass. The Amazon valley ealn not boast a more impervious or a morc Innln‘ugeous forest, nor one which has mom truly a tropical character than this vast Upper Uongo forest, nourished as it is h) eleven months of tropical showers.” Aunt ~“‘\Ve]1, Hubby, what do you want to be when you grow up Y”B0bby(remem- bering private Seance in the we odshed)~ “ All myhan.” The Great African Forests. Facts vs. Science uni-3.7]. 1mm 1’. Browning