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' But there is a great lack of intellectuality in the farmer, as a class, that handicaps him every day of his life, and undoubtedly there is a certain uncouth roughness of the unpclished jewel that appeals strongly to the humor of his fellow-men. Such a. con- dition in the past was inevitable ; the first stage of a nation as of a child, demands food for body; the mind grows later on. But nowa better day has dawued. The idea that a gocd education was a necessity for the professional man alone is exploded. That store of knowledge. that culture of mind,which was once possessed by the few, and marked them as a separate class, is now the goal of the many. And when to- night I claim and advocate for the farmer the best the table affords in the way of in- tellectual viands, I am the exponent of no new creed. To read, to Write and to cipher are not his sole requirements. He needs in his business a higher and more thorough education. Thus equipped he is better pre» pared to make the race for Wealth and inde~ pendence. The mind trained to think will enable’him to seize upon his opportunities, whether they be for making judicious investments or procuring new implements whose labor‘saving nature is readily per- ceived and valued. his acquired knowledge will enable him to understand the character and capacities of the soil he cultivates and to supply its wants. And better than all, he will have a fuller appreciation of the dignity of man and the opportunities of life. Broader and nobler avenues of enjoyment will be opened, a clearer perception of duties to himself and mankind will be given. He must still turn the soil, but he will do it intelligently, not slavishly; he must still furnish his iellow men their daily bread. but will also be able to digest and enjoy the mental feasts they spread for him. Again, the welfare of our government demands an educated farmer. \Ve are, and willbe for many years, an agricultural nation. Almost, one-half the voters who elect our law-makers are farmers. Our magistracy and our laws only represent the character of the constituency. The whole policy and tone of government must sink or rise to the standard of .popular intelli- gence and character. Educate the farmer then, that he may study for himself the principles of national economy, that he may apprehend the needs of 1115 time and There has been for many years a popular idea that the farmer’s mission in life is analagons to that of his friend and fellow laborer the mule. It is expected that he will make a faithful beast of burden for other more favored classes. If he kicks and grumbles nobody cares, for it is just hthe nature of the brute. Also his peculiar and ridiculous actions are expected to furnish a. never-failing source of amusement for his fun-loving friends. The country cousin is a pearl of great price to every wit and caricaturist. “Old Hayseed" is our national clown, and his chief charm is that he never knows he has been in the ring until the circus is oven Everybody admits that the farmer makes an excellent tax-payer, and at the proper season he is of great use to the summer boarder. W'ere it not for him the business of the bunco man would cease to be remunerative, and the manufacture of gold bricks would have‘ to be abandoned. Of course, there is some element of truth at the bottom of‘ such exaggerated opinions. The well-‘ balanced and well rounded man must possess good health, a pure heart and a cultivated mind. The farmer has the health; the touch of mother earth invigorates herl children to-day even as it renewed the weakening energies of Antzeus of old. His heart is full of pure impulses, for dame nature is his companion and daily sets him the example of loving trust in the Giver of all things. To till the soil and not to think of God is in the nature of an impos- sibility. \Ve look to Him for the needed rain; the sun shines but at His bidding, we toiling on, may sow and plant, but He gizes the increase. The Farmer. At 3, Georgetown, Kentucky, college banquet recently Mr. Rhodes B. Thomas, responding to the wastâ€"“ The Farmex"â€"~ said :â€" it is horizontally fastened a square piece of broad board which serves as a shelf to keep the droppings from falling into the drinking vessel below. The vessel should be of such a. height. than the fowl cannot get; between it and the shelf so as to roost. on the edge of the vessel. Blocks may be placed below it for this purpose. At the same time the shelf should be sufficiently high that, the fowl need only to stoop very slightly to drink. This simple contrivance will be found of great service in protecting the drinking water which must be given to the fowls in their houses on stormy or very cold days. Every poultry owner has realized how dificulbit is 'co keep the drinking water clean where the fowls can stand on the edge of the vessel or roost. above it. An ingeni- ous plan for avoiding thls difficulty is shown in the accompanying engraving. A board bracket is nailed to a post or to one of the studding timbers and on the under side of DEVICE FOR KEEPING \VATER CLEAN. Clean Water for Poultry. AERICUIIURAL plate as the hired girl let; it drop. “I’m all broke up on it myself,” rejoined the tea-cup as it slipped from the .waiter when the girl stooped down to pick up the pieces of the plate. Trampâ€"“I’d like to borry a. medical almanac, mum.” Housekeeperâ€"“What, for ‘2” Trampâ€""I wants ter see wot th’ doctors recommend fer an empty feelin’ in th’ stummick." Sun Spots and Drouth. Further confirmation of the theory that there is a. distinct connection between sun- spots and terrestrialdrouth has been furnish- ed ':by that eminent scientist, M Savelief. He has painstakingly studied the variations of the sun’s heat received by the soil of the earth at different stages of solar disturbance ever since the year 1890. These elaborate researches demonstrate that in all probabil~ ity the calorific intensity of the sun’s rays augments in proportion to the increase of turmoil on the solar surface. There was a. maximum culmination of the sunspot epoch this year. Signs of terrific commotion on Old Sol’s disc were abundant. Notew0rthy in this connection is the fact that the tem- peratures registered in the interior of North America. have been unusually high. Maxi- mum shade temperatures between the Alle~ ghenies and the Rockies have repeatedly this summer exceeded 100 degrees Fahren- heit. In several instances the mercury in the shade is reported to have climbed to 106 and 108 degrees. A Window Sash Device. A novelty in electrical appliances is a window-sash operating device. It consists of a. switch having two keys, one of which operates the upper sash, while the other controls the lower part of the window. By turning the key to right the sashes are raised, and they are lowered by a. move- ment in the opposite direction. The device is adaptable to any window, but little preparation being needed and the re‘ ‘ modeling of the frame being unnecessary. In one particular respect it is a. great con- venienceâ€"on the approach of a. storm all the windows of the house can be instantly closed without a. visit to each window being entailed. This is not only agood feature in its use ior schools,hslls,public and office buildings, but it makes the invention specially applicable to churches, as the minister can have his pulpit provided with a. switch board, and whenever he finds the atmosphere of the church too oppressive he can let in a. supply of fresh air from one or a dozen windows. If need be, however, the church can be made self-regulating: a. simple device can be placed in circuit with the window mechanism which will automatically open or close the upper sash according to the temperature of the build- ing. 1 One of the most wonderful things in na~ Lure is a. glance of the eye: in transcends spaech ; it is the bodzly symbol of identity. â€"[Emerson. He whose first emotion,on Lhe View of an excellent work,is to undervalue or deprecL ate it, will never have one of his own to show.â€"[Aiken. A man of meditation is happy, not. for an hour or a. day, but, quite round the circle 01 all his yearsâ€"[Isaac Taylor. A man must be both stupid and unchari~ table who believes there is no virtue or truth but, on his own side.â€"[Addison. As virtue is necessary in a republic and honor in a. monarchy, fear is what is re~ quired in a. despotisiou.â€"[Montesquieu, He alone is an acute observer who can observe minutely Without being observed. â€"[L&va.ter. . The sewer of the seed is assuredly the author of the whole harvest of mischief.â€" [Demoskhenea Agitation is the method that. plants the school by the side of the ballot-box.â€"[ W eu- dell Phillips. Charity lays the rough paths of peevxsh nature even, and opens in each heart a little heaven.â€"[Prior. Change of. opinion is often only the progress of sound thought and growing knowledge.â€"[Tryon Taylor. chered the already dead languages and been lead at times to doubt the axxom that “ figures never lie,” but in so doing they gained a power of thought and control of mind that will be a possession of no mean value. Their names may not reflect the lustre of greatness upon these walls, but the silent,yet active influence of their lives will be felt in their respective communities and ever on the side of progress. They will ennoble their calling and show to their fellows that those only may be truly said to live who find some “ space to think and to feel like moral and immortal creatures." Experienceâ€"making all futures, fruits 0 all the pasb.-â€"[Arnold. If you would create something, you must; be aomething.[Gcethe. Forget npt to say often, Ihave all I have ever enjoyedâ€"[Mrs. L. M. Child. Nothi‘ng can need a lie; 3. faultwhich needs it most; grows two therebyâ€"[Her- berb. The more we do, the more we can do ; the more busy we are the more leisure we haveâ€"[Hazlim He who establishes his argument by noise and command shows that. his reason is weak.â€"[Montaigne. he will no longer be led astray by th e political crank who, posing as 3 Moses to lead him out. of the wilderness of unjust taxation and class legislaniou. is nine times out of ten nothing but a, Judas seeking to hold the money.bag. This College has reason to be proud of the doctors, lawyers, teachers and preach- ers who claim her as their Alma Mater, but. let. her not. think her work was thrown a“ oy upon those who are classed as ngriculturists. Their college days were not spencin vain. They may have bun- Patience is the an: of hopingâ€"[Vanven targues. “I’m mashed on the floor,” remarked the ate as the hired girl let, it drop. “I’m a.“ broke up on it myself,” rejoined ‘e tea-cup as it slipped from the .waiter Some China TaIK. PEARLS 0F TRUTH A Gentle Hint. In the Sandwich Islands the apple has become Wild. and forests of trees of many acres are found in the various parts of the M. Vuillod, the “ cannon man,” who gained celebrity in Paris and elsewhere by catching cannon balls as they were dis- charged at him from a. large gun, is one of the deputies elected to the new chamber. The largest book ever known is owned by Queen Victoria. It is eighteen inches thick and weighs sixty-three pounds, and contains the addresses of congratulation on the occasion of her jubillee. A law is to be passed in Costa. Rica. mak. ing the sale to foreigners of Indian antiqui- ties collected in the republic a. crime pun. isnable with severe penalties. A similar law is to be passed in Ecuador. The new Duke of Saxe~Coburg~Gotha is tattooed much in the same way as his brother-in-law, the Grand Duke of Alexis, while his nephew, the Duke of York, has a couple of crossed flags upon his fore. arm. A disease peculiar to Japsn is known as kakke. which is thought to be the result of a. rice diet. The disease is a. slow degener~ ation of the nervous system and steadily increasing Weakness of the patient. Edward Bulwer Lytton Dickens, the youngest son of Charles Dickens, has been living in Australia for more than twenty» five years, and is a. member of Parliament from Wilcannia, New South Wales. The late Lecomte de Lisle. the French poet and academician. was long regarded as one of the handsomeer men in France, and his flowing white hair and tall frame made him a. picturesque figure in his old 8.29. The Chinese value an old pair of boots which have been worn by an upright magis- trate, and the custom of wishing a friend a. “ happy foot” is still observed all through Europe. The only woman in England who is pro- prietor, editor and manager of a newspaper is Mrs. Comyns, of the Feathered World, the circulation of which paper is 20,000 weekly. The Japanese some time ago adopted burial of the dead, but. they have reverted to their old custom of burning the dead on account of its sanitary recommendations. Flammarion, the French astronomer, as- cribes to ashonomical cranks the idea. that Mars has been trying to signal this planet. So far as he is concerned it is a. signal failure. A wonderful echo is heard at Eagle’a Nest, Killamey. A bugle played on one side of the lake, at this point, is repeatedly echoed as if multiplied by a hundred iLstru- meats. Eurasians (half breeds), according to a recent, decision of the Indian Government, are not allowed to enter British regiments, or even form a regiment by themselves. t is reported that an extensive deposit of auriferous stone has been discovered at Mount Huxley, on the west coast of Tas- mania, in the Mount Lyell district. According to the Uommander-in-Chief of India. 50,000 out, of 70,000 men composing the army have been sent to the hospitals within two years. Types are not used in Printing Persian newspapers. The “copy” is given to an expert, penman, who writes it out neatly. Then his work is lithographed. Trees from which common wood is taken in Tonquin are mined instead of being taken from the living forest. They are found buried under a sandy soil. The healthiest children in the world dwell in the Scotmsh Highlands. They seldom wear shoes before they are twelve years of age. If the Prince of Wales forgets to make a birthday present to each of his new relatives, he is soon reminded of his negli- gence. pies. Although the Suez Canal is only eighty. eight; miles long, it reduces the distance from England to India by sea. nearly 4,000 miles. There is still an army of chimney sweeps in England. Indians comprise about one-half of Nexi- co’s population. In Italy 30 persons out of 10,000 die by the assassin’s knife. The caliph of Khartoum has 700 watches and not one of them goes. ._Pa.rrots cost but ten cents each to the dealers in Central America. Sir John Millnis became a pupil in an artist’s studio before he was 11 years old. Printers of the Pall Mall Gazette set their matter from the dictation of phono- graph. A German paper states that; 521,000 shells were discharged by their armies against the French fortresses in the war of 1870-71. ROUND THE WHOLE WORLD 01d and Srw “'orhl Events or Interest Chroniclml lirlvflyâ€"lntcrcsllng flap- penings of Recent Dale. Lily Langtry is writing a. novel. Saxony has the deepest mines. Thimblesmade of lava. are used in Na- The best corks come from Algeria. There are 2,580,000 acres of cork forests in that. country. The Roman Catholics of London propose no bulld a. monster cathedral which will cost; £250.000. The government porting English ' breeding purposes. Mr. Lea, of the Perrin, sold his " s cern for “3300.000. It is estimated that nearly 20,000 pounds of bread are daily eaten in the Sulmn of Turkey’s household. Vanilla. culture is increasing on the island of Reunion, in the Indian Ocean, the export of product being nearly 100 tons yearly. WHAT IS GOING ON IN THE FOUR CORNERS OF THE GLOBE. The greateat salt mine is \Vieliezki, near Uarcow. Sig. Crispi is suffering from cataract. An operation will probably be performed short- ‘ernment of South Africa. is im- Enelish hackney stallions for 881M nglish firm of Lee. 81 'e" share in the coal There are a good many interesting facts in'the newly issued general report of the British Board of Trade upon the rail- road accidents in the United Kingdom dur- ing 1893. It appears that the total number of accidents to trains was 46, the lowest on record, and only about one-fourth of the number that used to occur twenty years ago ,whenkhe statistics were first collected. Within that time the number of passenger trains has more than doubled. ’Ihere were 17 passengers killed in 1893, orl in 51,000,- 000 journeys, and 484 were injured, or 1 in 1,804,000 journeys. These figures also establish new low records. The four principal accidents were due to trains leav- ing the rails. About one-half the accidents were caused by the negligence or mistakes of railroad officers or servants, and seven were due to defective arrangement of signals. Only two were the result of a failure of brakes. It is satisfactory to note that the number of collisions from whater er cause is declining steadily. Taking all causes and classes of accidents into account, the report shows that only one passenger is killed in 8,237,000 passenger journeys, and only one in 715,000 is injured. Thls is the ‘ highest and worst estimate, for in train acw cidents the immunity is vastly greater. 1 Officers and Men of Ike \llllua Will he Benefited by the Knowledge Gained. It is satisfactory to know that the assembling of the Canadian regulars at the camp opposite Quebec is likely to do much in the direction otimproving the instruction given at the Infantry Schools. Previously to this the permanent companies have had very little of what is known as field train- ing, that is to say advanced guards, out- posts, the attack,hasty intrenchments, etc. The exercises at Levis, it seems, were main- ly these, and the course laid down in the drill-book was performed by the companies in succession, and later by the whole as a battalion. Reconnoissance and sketching formed an important part of this training, the whole being under the active superin- tendence of Major-General Herbert, who from ea.er morning till late in the day was with the troops, instructing, directing, and criticising with a keeness and an interest which surprised those under him. In all this he was ably seconded by Colonel Otter, who commanded the regiment, and who, throughout, showed that indefatigable zeal which has always characterized him both as a volunteer and as a regular soldier. The officers and men of the militia who in future attend the schools will no doubt be benefited by the knowledge which the per‘ manent corps have acquired. It is under- stood that field training and more practical work of preparing men for active service are to be given greater prominence at the schools, especially when the more advanced officers are present for instruction. Most of the men in the islands of south- western Japan lead lives of idleness, and are cheerfully supported by the women. The males are fond of music, some of them being excellent musicians on various inst/rm ments; but it. is considered dxsgraceful for a. woman to play. The Rarens of Burmah have their mar~ ridges a: a. funeral feast. When a. villager dies his remains are temporarily disposed of until one or more marriages can be arranged, when they are disinterred, a. great; feast made, and the funeral services properly performed. Gustav W'illisch, 3. Berlin shopkeeper, was fined twenty dollars by a. police court two weeks ago for having called a telephone girl who kept him waiting fifteen minutes “ a. miserable, brazen-faced woman." Three raspberry canes in the gardens of the London Horticultural Society . were groWn from seeds found in the stomach of a man whose skeleton was dug up from one of the old burial mounds in North Britain. Reference has frequently been made of late to the rapid way in which the Prince of Wales was aging. Since the death of his son is has aflected his appearance still more, and robbed him of what had been left of the once peculiarly healthful hue of hi complexion. ' Mr. \Vm. Shanhouse, whose death at E‘linburgh, at the age of 90 years, is an- nounced, played golf as far back as the days of George III. The Burn tisland Golf Club has reports of his triumphs nearly 79 years old. In Germany the bride is entitled to the Morgenahe, morning gift, the custom having formerly been that, on the morning after the wedding she was entitled to ask for when she pleased, and her request. could not be refused. The latest report about the G peror is to the efiect that he proposes to be crowned in Berlin next year. In that event there will be usplendid ceremony, at; which all the crowned heads of the fatherland and other royalties will be present. A monster salmon was lately taken out of the Spey by the fishers employed by the Duke of Richmond and Gordon. It weighs exactly 60 lb., and is 4 feet, 4:} incnes long. Its girth about the shoulder is '2 feet, 4!; in., and just above the tail in measures about 10 in. round. The Emperor of Japan is described as a very intelligent-looking man of forty years. His blood is the oldest of any ruling power in the World, descending in an unbroken line from the first, Mikado, 660 8.0. A strange law exists in England. It pro. hibits the Queen from readingdocumems or receiving any letters, except, from her own famlly, until they have first. been scanned by the official authorized to examine the royal correspondence. country. They extend from the level of the sea. far up into the mountain sides. The oldest arm-chair in the world is the throne used by Queen Hatafu, who flourish- ed in Egypt 1000 8.0. It is made of ebony, beautifully carved, and is so hardened with age as to appear to be carved from black marble. Mr. Maxim’s flying machine which was injured by an accident last Jug, has been repaired. Henow offers to build a. machine for crossing the English Channel within a. year if $250,000 is furnirhed him for that purpose. Facts About Accidents. THE CAMP AT LEVIS. Waiterâ€"“Yes, sir,we’re goin’ to stri e.“ Friendâ€"“Want more wages ‘3” “No.” “Shorter hours, then.” “No.” “Hum ! what’s wrong.” “The boss don’t furnish guests with Ithe best quality of food, 311’ the cooks rare careless.” kl “What’s all that to you ‘3" “We don t get, no tips.” Parrots, Puppies. Scrap Iron and Boiled Grasshoppers for Sale. The articles seen in the market I will here give as they were written down dur- ing a recent Sunday morning visit, says a recent traveller in Mexico. One depart ment is under cover and is filled with assorted fruits, including oranges, lemons, limes, pineapples, pears, peaches, plums, bananas, quinces, alligator pears, cocoa~ nuts and many other tropical fruits, most cf which,owing to the high market tax and‘ costly transportation, sell at about on prices. The streets and sidewalks in th vicinity are lined with men, women 9. children, who are seated on the grou d surrounded by their market produc s, which include besides the ordinary v ge. table market product, parrots, pige ns, unweaned puppies, game chickens, pet lambs, haltered pigs and kids. Then here are heaps of old iron, bird cages, heap calico, brass jewelry, boiled corn, pot toes, stewed pumpkins, beans. pepper, c oked and raw pigs’ feet, sheep heads, earts, lights, and entrails. There are alsq fiints . and tinder for starting fires, metalsmounh ed stone for grinding corn, roots, bark and medical herbs and dye woods. Close b we see fried shrimp and grasshoppers Each are cooked whole and eaten so. The latter are about the size of our commo grasshopper, but are entirely red,but as t looks I would just as soon try to go th common “hopper” of the north. Besid 3 these the natives gather the eggs of th swamp fly and boil them into a paste an eat them with salt, chili (pepper) an tortillas. The fly and its eggs are each sold in the market. The former is some what smaller than the house fly, while th eggs are about the size and color of a hay seed. In fact, everything is eaten her that the human stomach will digest or an) - thing thatis capable of being convert d into scup. The whole town is anxious to follow Mr. Dunn out on his return. but he intends getting off alone if possible, as the stone is so rich they wish to get some more broken pieces into the bank before the crowd arrives. The prospectors have ppgged out thirty-Six acres oi ground, thromgh which there are outcrops all the way. !They are satisfied that; the property is the richest. yet discovered in the colony. The specimens on show" are, however, infants compared with one which the pros. pector was unable to bring in. This block two men and a black boy failed to move. It is so full of gold that Mr. Dunn failed to break it despite the free use of a. ham. mer. He states that it was like hamm'ermg a block of metal, and he finally: had to abandon his intention of bringing it in. T. Dunn was left in charge. I ~ The looality of the present find has been visited previously by Mr. Dunn, who once camped within five miles of the find, but failed to discover the reef, although withit such a short distance. One of the biggest blocks, called Honest John, weighs 150 pounds and is at least half gold. It has, been carefully handled and shows the weather staining of ages, while the huge lumps of gold, which are sticking all ove » it, are in places blackened by the weathe; with moss-like growths on the metal. lalqlt‘ Anxious In Find the Location ori the New Runes~Thlrty-F1mr Acres \Vlth/ an Average Depth of Five Feet. ( A telegram from Coolg:‘.rdie, Australia} says : The theory that there was nothing to compare with Bayley’s mine received a ‘ rude knock when the Londouderry find leaked out, but even a greater discovery has just been made known. One of the Messrs. Dunn Bros. came in the other evening with a camel load of quartz from a“ newly-discovered reef, much of the ston " being half gold. The reef is situated some- where between Coolgardie and Lake Barlee' which is 150 miles weSt by north from this town, but any closer description the pros- pector refuses to give for the present. The stone is different from that of the Londonderry, being more iron-stained, but i it is otherwise of the same class. The tee is described as a. very bold outcrop. This i borne out by some of the blocks of stone comprising 450 pounds weight, which hav e arrived. Most of it is overgrown with moss with iron-stains showing great blotches o the precious metal all over. These, how ever, when broken show clear quartz wit very massive gold all through. l STONE ONE-HALF LONDONDERRY FIND THE RfICH EST ONE IN AUSTRALIA. -' The Dunn anlhI-rs Discover a ReefSonm where Benn-en Coolgnrdie and Lak“ Barlot- Whirl: ls Literally Covered Wi‘h the Yellow Metnl~“’hole Town of Ad?" The lucky finders are J. (3. Dunn and Thomas Dunn, Who originally came from Hillgrove, but, have for years been prospect ing on behalf of a. Perth syndicate compris- ing Sir John Forrest, Alexander Forrest. Mr. Marmion, and a. few other capitalists, J. C. Dunn’s plan of work has always bee to strike out mto fresh country and he hag; proved‘several good reefs in his time. The reef has been namedithe Weath 0% Nations and shows every sign of doing} justice to its cognomeu. Not only is it: immensely rich but it; is very wide, show: ing about thirteen to fourteen feel: at the! spot where the richest gold was discovered; while the average all through the thirty- four acres pegged by the prospectors is five feet. IN A MEXICAN MARKET. Wrongs of Waiters. €01.11