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l lRELLUS LUI. it Is I Fasclnullug Slot-yâ€"llnlold “‘millli In [be For horihâ€"llnrdshlps of thc "linersâ€"Many and Rlllcr Dlsappolm menisâ€"Slmnpclle From Circle Cityâ€"- Told By a Special fol-respondent oi Larper‘s Weekly. (Continued) As the top layer of earth was re- moved by the miner. a foot or so would thaw out each day. The dig- gings being shallow, it was not difâ€" ficult to open up a claim in the smallâ€" er gulches. On the bars in! the larger water-courses it was not feasible to thus turn the water aside. THE. GOLD WAS FOUND T0 EX- TEND. ‘ in many places underneath the water. Unable to follow this pay streak, such claims had to be abandoned. Fire, as a. means of thawing spots not touched by the sun’s rays had been tried without success at Cassiar bar. The idea was regarded as only a boy 5 wild notion, though now there are claimants for the credit of the first use of the method that was to revo u- tionize mining in the Yukon. A cer‘ tain miner on Forty Mile, \Fred Hutch- inson by name. was working on a bar where the pay extended under the water, so that he had to abandon it. Being loath to do so, however, and besides being of a practical turn. like all the old timers, he conceived the following plan: After the stream had begun to freeze, Hutchinson began to chop the ice above that part of the bar he wished to work. being careful not to break through. As the ice froze downward he continued to pick. When ever the pick went accidently went ever the pick accidently went through he left it. and used another pick till the first one was frozen in solid. When he reached the gravel he had a perfect coffer-dam of ice around him. Then he built a fire on the ground and thawed the gravel. Hutchinson did not put his discovery to much practical use. The next winter, however, his neighbors took it up, and from that time a. few miners began to work in. winter. Even these were regarded as fools by the rest, who preferred the dull idleness of the cabins. Some of the miners used to say. "It's getting to be as bad in here as it was outside pâ€"work winter and summer both." 0 But this was the first value of the: twelve . new method. that it made months work possible instead of two. Then as deeper diggings were discover- ; CLI ll became impracticable to elevate the dirt, for it was necessary for the sluice-boxes to be above the level of the claim. As the art of burning be- came better known, it became pos- sible to work these deep claims, and from now on claims came to be re- spectively divided into "SUMMER" DIGGINGS" AND “WIN- TER” DIGGINGS. The first "drifting" was done by 0. C. Miller, the discoverer of Miller Creek. Not only was a. hole thawed down to bed-rock, but a tunnel was .run, and the whole lower gravel of the claim taken out. Burning may be said to have become of practical use only two or three years before the Klondike discovery, so it can be under- !tood how rapid changes have been. In 1890, an oldâ€"timer, Joe Ladue. built a. trading-post in the Yukon at the mouth of Sixty Mile River. Havâ€" lng a belief that other streams would be discovered in that neighborhood as rich as Forty Mile, he advised every miner who stopped at his post to try some other streams. He particularly recommended Indian River. a stream of no great size. entering the Yukon from the east about twenty-five miles below his post and thirtyâ€"six miles above Fort Reliance. In the summer of 1894, a miner by the name of Robert Henderson stopped at Sixty Mile Post. He was a new- comer, lately from Aspen, Colorado, but a Canadian by birth, having been 9. fisherman at Big Island. Pictou County. Nova. Scotia. He was a rugged. earnest man, some six feet tall. with clear blue eyes. Henderson had but ten cents in his pocket, and knowing Ladue's belief in Indian River, he said to him: "Im a deterâ€" mined man. I won’t starve. Let me prospect for you. If it’s good for me, it's good for you." Ladue gave him a grub stake. and Henderson went upon Indian River and found that it was as Ladue had said. He could make wages. On that account. he did not desert it for the just then more pop- ular fields of Forty Mile and Birch Creeks. but determined to try again. With the experience of the miner, he knew that farther towards the heads of the tributaries of Indian River he should look for. and probably find, coarse gold, though perhaps not on the surface. as it was on the river. Ac.- cordingly. the next summer found Hendcr on again on Indian. He pushed on. and FOUND "LEAF" GOLD on what is now known as "Australia," one of the main forks seventy-five or eighty miles from the Yukon. one piece being. he says as large as his thumb-nail. Had he gone up the other fork sufficiently far. he would have discovered the rich diggings of Dominion and Sulphur creeks. Re- turning. he went back to Sixty Mile. When winter came he put his goods on a wind and went up Quartz Creek. which puts into Indian forty miles from the Yukon. He had no dogs to help him, and it was a very hard trip. laking thirty days for him to reach Quartz Creek. He worked all winter on Quartz Creek. and took out about five hundred dollars, another one hun~ dred dollars. and more being taken out later by other parties. In the sprintr he went back up toward Australia Creek, getting only fair prospects, nothing that warranted the opening up of a claim. During that time Hen- derson was living mostly on the game that fell to his rifle. He was alone 71nd had no partner. Returning from 1he head of the river, he went up Quartz Creek again. This time he cast eyes longingly toward the ridge of hill at the head of Quartz Creek separating the waters of Indian from those of the then almost unknown Klondike. Crossing over the short . sharp divide (it is so sharp that if a cupful of water were poured. upon lhe crest, one half would run one way, the olher half the olher way), he dropped down into a deepâ€"cleft valley of a small stream running northward. He prospecled. and found eight cents to the pun! .That meant wages; such a prospect was then considered good. Enthusiastic over lhs‘find. Henderson went back over the divide. There were about twenty men on Indian working. mostly at the mouth of Quartz. some of them doing fairly well. Henderson persuaded three of the men. Ed. Munson, Frank Swanson, and Albert Dalton, to go back with him. The four men took over whipâ€"saws. sawed lumber. built sluice boxes, and opened up a claim in regular fashion about a quarter of a mile below lhe forksâ€"the spot plainly visible from the divideâ€"and went to SHOVELLING IN THE GOLD-BEAR- ING DIRT. The stream was the present Gold Bottom (since relegated to the position of a fork of Hunker Creek. running parallel with present Bonanza, and entering the Klondike about nine miles up from its mouth. Hunker Creek ;was no: named or known them. The amount that they shovelled in on Gold Bottom was seven hundred and fifty dolirs. And that gold was the first gold taken on the Klondike. It was equally divided between the four men. At that time, if any one had stood on the divide and looked to the west- ward. he would have seen the valley of a large creek. That creek was known as "Rabbit" Creekâ€"so close to ‘Gold Bottom that if one knows jusll the right spot on that divide a. cup of water would not only have run both ways into Indian and Gold Bot- Itom, but also into the source of this “Rabbit Creek. For in this man- ner are the heads of a number of streams gathered together. as the spokes of a wheel lead to the hub. , Early in August. Henderson ran out of provisions. and leaving the others at work. went down Indian! River and back to Sixty Mile. There were about a dozen men at the post ‘and at Harper 8: Ladue's saw-mill. also a party who were on their way to Stewart River. Henderson told them what he had found. He per- suaded the Stewart River party to ,turn back, telling them they would have to look for it. whereas he had found it. Ladue at once sent two horses overland with supplies. and all the others went with them excepting Ladue. Henderson fixed up his boat, and with some supplies started down river, leaving Ladue to follow him. On account of low water. he was unâ€" able to return up Indian River, and besides, being nearer, he dropped down ' to the mouth of the Klondike. It was the midst of the fishing sea- son. The salmon in the Yukon are very plentiful during their run in August. And some of them are fine lfish, the king salmon in particular, even with the great loss in weight they sustain from a. journey of sixteen hundred miles from salt water, often weigh AS MUCH AS FIFTY POUNDS. Chief Isaac‘s village were encamped at the mouth of the Klondike, on the north side. taking the salmon in weirs and drying them on racks in the sun. The Klondike takes its name from its being the river where the fish weirs are set. It happened at this time there were also a white man with a squaw, two Indian men, and a boy fishing, but with a stationary net. They were camped across irom the Indian village, The white man‘s name was George Carmack. the squaw was his wife, the Indian men were respectively Skookum Jim and Cultus (worthless), or "Tak- ish" Charlie, while the boy was named K’nethâ€"uil I'lniull l.:.li.iii< Charlie was a big chief of the I‘akish. Jim would have been chief. being the son of the former chief. but among the Takish the descent is through lhn chiefs sister. Jim and Charlie therefore. though called brothers, were really cousins. and were brothers- in-law of Cormack. This Cormack was originally a sailor on a munvofâ€"war. but had taken up his abode with the Chilkoots at Dye-a, and married a Takish wife. Cormack likeu the life with the Indians. It is said that one couldn't please him more than to say. "Why, George, you're getting every day more like a Siwashl" "Siwash George" is the name by which he beâ€" came generaly known. Carmack had been over the pass years before, and both he and the Indians, who were his inseparable companions. knew some- thing of mining, though they could hardly be called miners. Cormack was outfitted by John J. Healy at Dyed to do trading with the Taklsh and other interior Indians. Cormack built a post which is called “McCormick's” post. (Be it observed that this is the universal but erroneâ€" ous pronunciation of the name Carâ€" mack.) It is situated on the bank of the Yukon about twenty miles above Five Finger Rapids. If any one. on that wild stampede into Dawson in the fall of 1897, had taken the trouble to stop there. he would have seen fastened against one of the rough log buildings a paper with this writing upon it, "Gone to Forty Mile for grub". L'nder the floor they could have found a bear-skin robe and some other things. This notice had been put up in the summer of the year 1895. The occu- pants evidently intended to re- turn. The white man and the Indians secured their outfit at Fort Selkirk from Mr. Harper. The following year â€"tha.t of tho slrikeâ€"Carmack dropâ€" ped down to Forty Mile, but soon re- turned us far as the mouth of the Klondike for the fishing, where he was joined by his Indians. They had. their nets set in the Yukon just below the mouth of the Klondikeâ€"and were drying and curing their catch. Indian fashion, when Henderson on his way back to Gold Bottom, came along. When Henderson‘s boat touched shore he saw Cormack. “There,” he thought, "is a. poor devil who hasn't struck it." He went down to where Carmack was. told him of his PROSPECTS ON GOLD BOTTOM, and told him he had better come up and stake. At first Carmack did not want to go. but Henderson urged. At length Cormack consented to go. but then he wanted to take the Klondike Indians up also. as well as his own. Henderson dcmurred at that, and, beâ€" ing frank, may have said something not complimentary about “Siwushes” in general. It has been reported that he said that he “didn't intend to stake the whole Siwash tribe,” and he added, “I want to give the preference to my old Sixty Mile Friends." What effect this may have had on subsequent events I do not: know: I can only sur- mise, that it may have had some. Next morning Henderson went on up by way of the mouth of Gold Bottom. Carmack with his three Indians fol- lowed soon, but instead of taking the rather more roundabout way. went up "Rabbit" Creek, the mouth of which is a mile from the Yukon. Henderson reaChed Gold Bottom first. \thn Carmack arrived, he showed some colors of gold that he himself had found on "Rabbit Creek. Colors are single grains of gold; they :lre found everywhere in the Yukon Valley â€"-“colors" and "pay" are by no means to be confounded. I have found the-m on top of ice cakes in the Yukon. The Indians and Cormack staked each a claim on Gold Bottom. When they were ready to go, Henderson asked Carmack if he intended lo prospect on the way back. to which he replied lhn’t he did. Then Henderson :iskt-d him. if he found anything, would he not send back one of his Indians that he had gold. and would pay him for the trouble. to which, Henderson asserts, Carmack said he would. .‘To be Continued.) FIGHT WITH A DEVIL FISH. At‘nnmllnn Dlver Ilns a Tcrrlhle llxpcrl. cnce With This llnlgcrous l’lsh. Captain Conrad, a Canadian diver, was at work on the wreck of the fruit- ship Oteri, which had gone ashore on a coral reef near Ruatan, Honduras. A new leak had developed and it was necessary to stop it at once although, the hour was four in the afternoon. Captain Conrad called his assistants, and they anchored the diver's boat with the apparatus. On his way down, Conrad noticed the rare beauty of the translucent tropical waters, and the lovely color of the coral and the thouâ€" sands of fish swimming about. As he was getting near the point where the work was to be done, along, dark arm shot across the faceâ€"glass of his helmet. He had been in tropical waters before and knew the sign. It was the octopusâ€"the real devil-fish, feared by all divers. He gave the dan- ger-signal and was pulled up. At the surface he considered the situ- ation. The ship was leaking badly, and could not be left safely thus all night. He called for a. heavy harpoon, and cut the handle, making a weapon about three feet long. Armed with this, he went down again to fight the octopus and stop the leak. This time he did not notice the beau- ty of the translucent tropical water. Slowly he approached the spot where the octopus was hidden under the bilge of the vessel. As he approached, the creature moved from under the side of the vessel, gathering itself for the attack. There were but four or five feet be- tween the coral reef on which the ves- sel had grounded and her side at this point, and Conrad settled himself here for the battle. It was not slow in coming. The snake-like creature exâ€" tended one of its long arms. Conrad gave a quick thrust with his harpoon but the devil-fish was quicker than he, and snatched away the arm. Again the creature struck, thistimc touching Conrad on the hip; but on the instant it lost its arm, severed by a blow from the harpoon. Then the fight begun in earnest. The devil-fish tried to envelop the man in its many tentacles, :‘ul the diver kept slashing with the harpoon. He inflict- ed wounds enough to disconcert the creature and prevent it from enwrapâ€" ping him, but for some time none of the wounds were serious. At lost, just as the creature had come to alarmingly close quarters, he managed to drive the harpoon into a vital spot. \Vhen badly injured in the body, the cutllefish discharges agreat quantity of dye, which colors the waâ€" ter a jet black. Instantly Conrad found himself in a mass of ink. He gave the sigaal, and was pulled up. It took some time for the dye to clear away so that anything could be seen in the water. Then Conrad went down again. He did not have to renew the battle. The octopus was dead. The grealest remedy for anger is de- layâ€"Seneca. 'UMPRESSEAIRR RS ' ‘ THE NEW SYSTEM TRIED AND FOUND SATISFACTORY. l'llenpcr ’lllan l._, lili-cll'lcllyâ€"Hc-Ihod of {'llnrglng lllc Cylindersâ€"The llxpl-rl- mvnl SI‘Q'IIIS Io be :I Sllf‘t'l‘hm The New York Post of Friday says: The Twenty-third street airâ€"power cars began running regularly according to officials at the power-house, at one o’clock this morning; three of. them were used, making trips under sixteen minutes headway across Twentyâ€"third street from the North River to the East River. This schedule was main- tained until five this morning. The motion of the cars, as observed by an Evening Post reporter who rode a. distance of four miles on one yester- day afternom, was singularly free from the jerky movement of electric and cable cars. The method of preparing the comâ€" pressed air with which the cylinders are charged is interesting. Ahuge engine draws in the che air, which pussus into a first cylinder where it is compresSed to a volume of about 80 pounds to the square inch; in doing, this the air is brought to A HIGH TEMPERATURE. and to free the air from this it is conducted through a copper tube to acollcr, which is acylinder containing coils of pipe through which water cir- lculates. The heat imparted to the water isafterwards available for heatâ€" liug the feed-water. ‘ The air, at 80 pounds pressure, is Itbeu passed into the first intermediate compresser, where it is further pressed to form three to four hun- dred pounds to the square inch, and; is then (reeled for the second time. The third compression reduces it to itwelve hundred pounds per square inch, and the fourth to from 2,500 ,to 3,00 pounds to the square inch,‘ in which condition it is passed into ‘thc cylinders ready to receive it. This lcomprcssing and cooling in four stages1 results in. ‘ LONSIDEHABLE ECONOMY, and makes the curve of compression1 closely approximate to that of the‘ isothermal compression. ' ’lhcse cylinders or tubes are ar-l ranged in the groups of and [cm a kind of compressedâ€"air storage-i battery. Once the air is in the,l car-cylinder proper, it is admitted tol the motor at the pressure of two hunâ€", dred and fifty pounds to the square linch, which is a plenty to run thel car; the rest of the pressure is merely a reserve. In order to secure the fulli power of the air lL is found necessary to restore to it after partial expansion .part of the heat; of which it was de- prived in the process of compression; .Lo effect this, the air passed through in hot water hi-atcr, so that it is us« lsisted in expansion before it reaches llhe motor. “We could run the motors. with the cold air," with an official, “but we find that this expedient of- assisting the expansion doubles the efficiency of the air power." The weight of the air-power ldOJS not ditfer materially from thosel operated by electricity, the approxi- imute weight .being 125,550 pounds. The .c0st of the motor power for the cars ‘is almost infinitesimal. Careful com- lputation places it, including the ex- lpsnses of maintaining the motor equip- ment, at $0.025’, It is claimed for the car that it can be STARTED WITH PROMPTNESS only limited by the friction of the wheels on the rails. The motor is op- erated Simply by one small lever. One of those cars will run fifteen miles on a’ good track on a charge that is restricted to aspacc under the seats, and this could be increased to twenty miles by crowding in all the flasks that the, space could allow. It is claimid in behalf of the air- power cars that not only are their runn'ng cxptnses leSs than those of electric cars, but the cost of building 111‘: l'Old-bt‘d is less than that for the trolley systclu, owing to overhead wires being necessary. Some progress has been made in the development of strong, light and safe steel flasks for the reservoirs. After trying all the different makes of air- flusks, both from this country and abroad, 3. series of very elaborate and expensive experiments wele instituted with a view of lllCl‘t‘llS‘lllg both the ultimate strength and the elongation of the metal. Other experiments with nickel steel have shown that flasks can be made with 1:0,000 pounds tenâ€" sile strength and 30 to 40 per cent. elongation; such flasks require 13,000 pguuds per square inch to rupture I Pm. . three, cars l THE \VAYS OF NATURE. A story is told of an attempt to in- troduced the mongoose into Japan to kill the rats which ate the cane plan- tations. After having performed this duty it multiplied Very rapidly and The Doctors Puzzled. THE PECULIAR CASE OF SCOIIAN LADY. A NOVA The Trouble lie-gnu In ll Swelling of I!“ Illa 'l‘oe Willi-Ii spread to All I’m-u ol’ [lie Bodyâ€"Doctors l'oulil .\ol Ao- couut for the Trouble. mm The]: Treatment Dltl ller No Good. From the New Glasgow Enterprise. Loch Broom is a picturesque farm ing hamlet situated about three milei from the town of Pictou, N. S. I) this hamlet, in aoosy farmhouse liVl Mr. and Mrs. Hector McKimnon. A few years ago Mrs. McKinnon wal taken with a disease that puzzlea several doctors who attended her. II was generally known chat Mrs. Mc- Kinnon owed her ultimate recovery ta good health to the useof Dr. \Villiams' Pink Pills for Pale People, and a re. porter of the Enterprise being in the neighborhood called upon the lady and asked her if she had any objection: to relating the particulars of her illness and cure. “Indeed I have not," replied Mrs McKinnon, “I think that those whc are cured owe it to the medicine that brings them back to health, always tc say agood word for it. My trouble apparently had an insignificant start ing point. It came on with aswelling in the big toe, accompanied by intense pain. Gradually the swelling extendi- ed to my limbs and then to my whole body, accompanied by pain which ,made my life aburden. A doctor was called in but he did not help me. Then another and another until I had four different medical men to see me, one of them the most skilled physician in the province. Yet my case seemed to puzzle every one of them. and none of them gave me more than the meresi temporary relief. One. doctor said the trouble was inflammation of the bone. Another said it was aggravated sciatica and gout. The other two called it by othernamcs, but whatever it was none of them helped me. By this time Ihnd got so low and weak thatlcould 'not lift hundor foot if it would save my life, and no one expected to see me get better. In fact the doctor said if I sank any lower I could not live. And yet here I am toâ€"day as well as ever I was in my life. While I was at the lowest a minister called to see me and asked why I did not try Dr Wiliiims’ Pink Pills. I had tried so many remedies and had spent so many dtllzirs in medicine that I hard- ly thought it worth while to experi- ment any more. However. I was per- suaded to try them and after using a few boxes there was sume improve- ment. By the timell find used a dozâ€" en boxes I had le¢t my bed and was able to move around, and afth a few more boxes I was again perfectly wel, and able to do all the work that falls to the lot of a farmer‘s wife. All this I owe. to Dr. \Villiims' Pink Pills and I think that after what they have! done for mn‘ I am justified in recom- mending them to others." Dr. \Villiams' Pink Pills give new life and richness to the blood and re- build shattered nerves, thus driving out disease due to either of these two causes, and this means that they e_ftct ‘a cure in a large percentage of the troubles which afflict mankind. Some unscrupulous dealers imp/.se on the public imitations of this great medi- cine. The genuine Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills are never sold in bulk or by the hundred or ounce. or in any form except in the company’s boxes, the wrapper around which bears the full trade mark, “Dr. Williams’ Pink Pills for Pale People." No matter what the ‘color of the pill offered in any other shape, it is bogus. These pills cur. when other medicines fail. A TACTFUL OFFICER. [low a Brave Soldler Was Saved From flumlllnllou. It is not every host who has the art to prevent an awkward guest from feeling ill at ease. The London paâ€" pers tell a story of one such host. Not long ago the officers of the Twenty-first Lancers, a corps which has rendered itself famous by a galâ€" lant charge at the Battle of Omdurâ€" man, gave a non-commissioned officer who had distinguished himself at the charge a. mark‘of honor by inviting him one evening to a seat at their ta- ble. He had been decorated with the Victoria Cross, and this distinction was well won. The young man came. Colonel Sir Robert White presided at the dinner. The non-commissioned officer was somewhat ill at case, being unaccusâ€" tomed to the dinner customs of po- lite society. He did very well until the finger bowls were brought around; then, imagining that the bv\Vl which was handed to him contained some new kind of drink, he lifted it and drank out of it. This presenteda serious emergency to his host, for if the other guests pro- ceeded to make the proper use of their bowls, the non-commissioned officer would discover his mistake, and be hu- miliated. The colonel was not wrll- ing that the plclsurc of his brave guest should be marred by any such humiliâ€" ation. He therefore rose, and was imi- tated in this by other officers. Then proceeded to kill all the snakes and liz- ards as well. It next attacked the birds, learning to climb trees in the process, until the poultry and wild birds disappeared. Then arose the " ticks’ or “chigoes,” which the birds used to keep down, and the island groaned under a fresh plague. The ticks. however, finally attacked the mongoose, which began to decline; the birds began to reappear, and attacked the ticks, snakes and lizards were seen once more, and in the end the cane plantations were devastated as much as ever by rats. he took up his finger-bowl; the rest did the same. "Gentlemen," he said, “I ask you to drink with me the health of our brave guest who now wears the Vic- toria Cross 1" Then he drank every drop of the tepid water in his finger-bowl as did all the other officers. The story is a good one, but one wonders what the nun-tornmismoned of- ficer will think when, as is likely to be the case some time if his advancement continues, he learns the proper func- n of a finger-bowl.