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linen llllllllL WURK. :‘Illl Tran-Jilin“ .lu‘I (Tulnplcled nl‘ II: I-ihrn Papyrus, an Ezynllau llnul.‘ liq- vnlml In lilwnuw of “all and 'I'Ilrll I‘m-v Aslnmlin: known-dal- of )lulvrizz .‘lt‘ll'1'7l III~pI yell. For 2300 years Hippocrates of Km has berm known to the world as the “Father olf Medicine." This distinc- tion, however, has been wr‘estcrl from the ancient Greek by the and translation of an enrly Egyptian papyrus treating of the subject of medicine, with date so remote as al- most to place Hippocrates within the ranks of modern physicians. d isc ivory English medical literature is about to be enriched by the translation of this payrus, generally admitted by Egyptologists to be the oldest book devoted to the science of medicine ex- tant. {The work is known to scien- tists as the Paynus Ebers, and is sup- posed to have been written during the reign of Bicheres, a King of the fourth dynasty, 4.088 to 4.6613 3.0. Thus the original document il nearly 7000 years old and it contains the writ- ten genesis of the art of healing. The document is carefully preserv- ed in the library o’f the University of Leispsic. and the English transla- tion of Papyrus Ebers, a volume of several hundred pages will soon be ready for the press. Page 98 olf t'he Papyrus Ebers is de- voted almost entirely to remedies for household ills. Its contents clearly in- dicate that the ancient Egyptian housewife was beset with cares simi- lar to those of the modern housekeepâ€" er. It reveals likewise the fact that woman early made use of cosmetics. The remedy given for the falling out of the ha'ir is ascribed to the mother of King Teta of the first dynasty. .l‘o Egyptologists the story of the finding of Papyrus Ebers possesses all the characteristics of a romance. In the winter of 1872â€"73 Georg Ebers, of Leipsic, and his friend, Ludwig Stern, spent several months at Thebes inl, quest of rare documents. For a time the two scientists made their dwell- ing place in one‘ Olf the tombs of Abdâ€" el-Gurnah, and associated dily with the Arabs of Luxor. LA wealthy citi- zen of Luxor showed to Ebers the an- tiquities which he, little by little, had obtained from the fellah on the other Wide 01' the Nlile, and at length re-i vealed to him the fact that he was the possessor of a payrus obtained from the same source. lUpOI’l close inspection of the papy- rus Ebers made tlhe startling discovâ€" ery that it was a document of great value and in an unusual condition of l preservation. He longed to possess the document himself, but had not means I to meet the demands of the owner, who was not altogether aware of its full value. However, receiving the financial assistance of Max Gulnlher, a wealth Englishman, Ebers purchas- ed the treasured papyrus and conveyed it to his home in Leipsic, there to study its contents at leisure. It was; finally turned over to the library of. the University of Leipsic folr safe keeping. In order to! better preserve the valuable antiquity, it was cut into i twenty-nine pieces and each piece placfl ed under a glass. According to the statement of the Egyptian possessor, Papyrus Ebers was found in a tomb in the soâ€"called Il Assassit, a part of the Necropolis of Thebes, reposing between the legs of a mummy. Since the finder of the‘ papyrus was dead, it was impossible to refer to the exact tomb which for- merly contained the treasure. 'When Ebers caune into possession of the papyrus, it consisted of a single, . tighlly rolled piece 1a“ the finest yel- lowâ€"brown papyrus. The width of the l document was thirty centimeters, and the length or! the written part 20.23. meters. No other papyrus known to Egyptologists is better preserved, and not a single letter of the document, is missing. The text of this perfect ancient re-1 cord is divided into pages, each of which is numbered. The page num- bers are placed over the first line in the middle of each page and run from 1 l to 110. singularly, the numbers 281 Ind 29 are missing. allhuugh the text; wntinues uninterruptedly. The omis-l sion is explained on uhe ground thatl the Egyptians considered 110 to be a 1 perfect number. and by this means? the writer was enabled to complete his book with the required number, ~ 3f pages. Each page of the papyrus contains either twenty-one or twenty-two lines. With the exception of pages 3 to 21, which are considerably smaller, the pages are twentyâ€"two centimeters in width.‘ The script in which the papyrus in written, is extraordinarily ‘iOMETHINO QUITE NEW _. CEYLON GREEN TEA Inmu flavor In Japan, only more delicious regular, and is partly in black and partly in red ink. This form of writâ€" ing is known as the hieralie, and is one oi" the three forms used by the ancient Egyptians. The others are the epistolographic and the hieroglyphic. The exact date of the writing of the book of which Papyrus Ebers is a copy is not known, but it. is} believed that it dates back tlo 40.16 B. C. The document itself refers to the eigh- teenth dynasty in the sixteenth cenâ€" tury B. C., but when the papyrus was unrolled, a calendar was discovered containing the following inscription: " In the ninth year of the King of Upper and Lower Egypt. . . . of the eVerlasting." Belfore the last epithet is the framed name of a king whose identity is still in doubt. Dumchen, a recognized au- thority on Egyptology, believes that the author of the calendar did not insert the name of the reigning King, but that of Bicheres, of the fourth dynasty, who reigned 1460 years ear- Lier. the date of transcription and that the original was written much earlier. Egyptologists agree that between the twenty-eighth and sixteenth centuries B.C., the pracbice of medicine was in the hands of witchcraft. During this period the law was so stringent that a person advancing a theory for the treatment of disease other than that established by the priests was put to death.‘ Consequently the work, which bears the marks Olfi the period of ‘witrhcraft, if written at all prior to ‘the date named in the calendar, must have been written at least 121l0 years ' before. This makes it highly probable that the original book was written during the reign of Bicheres, or at least 4636 B.C. At all events, the copy of the papyr-uls is itself the oldest medical work extant and contains the historical genesis of medicine. A large proportion of the diseases known to modern medical science are carefully classified and their symp- toms minutely described by Papyrus Ebers. The prescriptions recom- mended are in many cases exactly the same as those given at the present time. The work mentions 700 differâ€" ent substances. the greater part of which are taken from the vegetable kingdom. Some metals and a consid- erable number of animal extractions were also used. Q? the salts only na- tron, saltpeter, common salt and sea .salt are mentioned. The use of such! ingredients as lizxrd‘s blood and pig's' teeth are in some cases recommended. The discovery of Papyrus Ebers de- monstrated that the Egyptians as ear- ly as 3000 or 4000 years before Christ possessed an astonishing knowledge of ‘a great variety of remedies, and tbut their learned men could make obser- vation of disease. combine complicated recipes and use them with judgment. According to this early writer there were three different classes of medi- cal practitioners in Egypt at the date of the lnanuscript,â€"namely: The real physician. the surgeon and the con- ij-urers. The relative standing of the is not known. The origin of medicine is certainly to be looked for in the Valley of the Nile; and the Papynus Ebers opens a wide era fhlr the stludents of the history of medicine and pharmacology. The Egyptian physicians were well ad- vanced in ophthalmolony. The collec- tion of Hippocrates edited 4000 years later. did not contain more eye dis- eases, although more (-1 ~ar1y an I more agreeably described. The number of mentioned the Papyrus several classes diseases in Ebers, as Well as the profusion of me- ' dir-ines prescribed, is a source of wonâ€" der to modern physicians. The ancient ‘, Egyptian physicians must have been 3experienced diagnosticians, who (-om- manded a knowledge of prophylactic and cosmetic remedies. The Egyptian oculisl was renown- ed. In the third book of Herodotus is the following passage: “Cyrus sent to Axnasis, 8.0., 50). and bade him for an ooulist,â€"the best in the wholelzlnd of Egypt." Darius thither for a body physician. and in the time alsl.) sent of Tiberius and Nero Egyptian ',~li_\.\i-' cians regularly came to Rome, used- ly to heal skin diseases. Herodotus tells us that the Egyptian physicians were accustomed to practice specialâ€" ties and that the country was full of physicians. Some, confined their at- tention to diseases of the eye or headI iDr. von Klein is of the opinion: that the calendar calls attention to others to the teeth, stomach and in- testines. Greece, to be. the, birthplace of medicine. is now known to have derived the Egyptians. Praxrigoras. although from Kris, the town where Hippocrates was born and where the temple of lis- culapius was built, lived in Egypt. He was the greatest syrnpoinologisl and diagnostician of this age. Hippo- crates also wont Egypt for his medical training, and on his return established a school of Greek physi- Althongh the founder of the present system of pathology. his right to the title of “ Father of Medicine," has been dissipated by the revelations contained in the Papynus Ebers. -i“ long sulppnserl its knmrlodgp from to cians. m Woman’s Weakness A woman’s reproductive organs are in the most in- tense and continuous sym- athy with her kidneys. heslightest disorderinthe kidneys brings about a corresponding disease in the reproductive organs. Dodd‘s Kinney Pills, by re- storing the kidneys to their perfect condition, prevent and cure those fearful dis- orders peculiar to women. Pale young girls, worn-out mothers, suffering wives and women entering upon the Change of Life, your best friend is Dodd’s Kidney Pills AUTUMN SMILES. lWhen a man's love grows cold, his wife can usually be depended upon to mske it hot for him. 1 If some young men would work one- ‘half as hard as they try to get out lot work, they would be rich before 1they were thirty. When a woman has‘a secret,â€" Although she may not show it, lShe’s just as angry as can be If no one wants to know it. Everywhere were men with news- papers, devouring with feverish eag- Eerness the revolting details of this ,horrible murder. “Morbid curiosity ’l‘ lwe finally sneered. with indignation. " No ; we are disqualifying ourselves to ‘sit as jurors 1" they protested, and Isighed Wearily. __.___ “I Have Had Rheumatism for years, and Nerviline is the only remedy that has done me any good." so writes Thomas McGlash- an, North Pelhziin, and his testimony .13 supported by thousands of others ,who have experienced the wonderfulâ€" ly penetrating and pain subduing power of Nerviliineâ€" the great nerve- paln cum. lless the silver lining of the cloud is converted into money. ‘- MONTREAL HOTEL DIREOTORV. The “ Balmoral," Free Bus Am. Plan $1.50; up per day. “Papa,” said little Percy, " why doesn‘t mamma travel with the cir- ous ?” “\Vhy‘t” Mr. Henpeck asked, “\Vhat (notuld she do in a circus I" “ She might be a strong woman. I heard her telling grandma the other day that she coluild wind you around ingz" PEOPLE IN TIIIC NORTHâ€"\VEST. Know from experience that Put- nam’s Painless Corn Extractor is the extraction of corns. This is the (use everywhere throughout the Domin- ion. Be sure to get Put narn‘s sureâ€"pop corn cure. ‘At dealers everywhere. "These sports are Simply outrage- ous l" exclaimed the good woman, look- 5ing up from her paper. “ What‘s the lmatter now?" her " \Vhy," said she “the paper tells thit husband asked. mer. Isn‘t it terrible {” Some people are never contented unâ€" M G'lIâ€"C u A HOUSE-F:mily Huidmgntu 'gihi her little finger just as easy as noth- ‘ only remedy to be relied upon for the ' one man beat another with the h-im-, {- ERRSR o B‘TI L L uinle R ll'l.|ll..’x' llll‘ H. 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"“ \Vhat brought about that beautiful transformation ’l“ inquired the gnat. "\Vhat caused you to turn 2" asked the grasshopper. Then the butterfly spoke for the first time: “ Even the worm will turn." Thus we find that passe sayings are current in the field. T0 ('llnli A 1‘0”) IN om DAY ‘ Take Laxative Bronm Quininc Tablets. All druggisu refund the money if i. failsjlo cure. E. W. Grove] signature is on each box. 230. WOULD CHANGE IT HIMSELF. change It‘s“ a woman’s privilege to her mind, you know, she said. 'l‘hlt‘s right, he replied brutally, and I don‘t blame her a bit. If 1 had the average feminine mind I’d change it- myself. However, he already had the reputa- tion of being a mean thing, so very little harm was done There La more Caterrh In nus section or thl country than all other diseases put. tor-other, and until the last few years was supposed to be lncurable. For agreut. many years doctors pro nonnced it a local dlsexse and prescribed local emedies, and by (:0 stand: falling to cure with coal treatment, pronounced it incurable. Sci- ence has prcven cararrh to be a. constitutlonu disease. and therefore requires constitutional treatment. Hall‘s Catarrh (Sure manufactured by F. J. Cheney 6.: Cy., Toledo, bin, is the only constitutional cure on the market. II) is taken Internally In doses train 10 drops to a. teaspoon- Iul. It. acts directly on the blool and manual ‘ surfaces of the system. They od’er one hund- 1 red do lure for any care it idle to cure. Send ‘ [or circular: and Destlmnnlals. l Address, r. J. CHENEY ea 00.. Toledo. 0 i_ Sold by Druagllts. 751). l Hall’s Family Pills are the best. 1 DIDN‘T \VORRY HIM A BIT. 'l‘hr‘ Doctorâ€"Above all things ma- dame, your husband mustn’t worry. l‘l-irliups you’d better not show him my hill just now. 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