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seemweeeeeeeeeeg iiAboutthe . ‘3 ....liouse ’ ‘3 A TALK 0N SOUPS. “I want to explode the fallacy that so many mothers entertain when they think that a child who has clear soup for its luncheon is getting nourishment in its most Concentrated form,” said a lecturer recently. "While I would not say feed a child on sugar, yet a lump of sugarrcontains more real nourish- ment than a cup of bouillon. This applies to the soups cleared by the white of an egg and strained to rc- movc all the sediment and thick por- tion, which contain the real nourish- ment, or to soups where bones, conâ€" taining gelatine, are not used.” (9 30W” ' These are large and square. ‘hey are laid aside at night, how- ever, in favor of smaller pillows with plainer covers. Monograms or initials for sheets are two or three inches high and worked in the center just. about the hem. For pillow cases the letters are smaller. Sheets for double beds should be three yards long before lieiuniing. This allows for a. three inch at the top, oneâ€"half the width at the bottom and leaves the sheet a little more than two and threeâ€" quarter yards long after shrinkage in washing. A sheet large enough to tuck unâ€" der and stay where. it; is put is the. only kind sure to be a comfort; to the user. In purchasing a table linen the cream weave will be found more durable than the white or half- bleached. While pattern tablecloths are more desirable for best than those out from the web, the latter will be The Speaker cxlllalm‘d that the found much cheaper for everyday use of bouillon for invalids does use. not mean that it is CSPL’Cially Cheap, slcezy damask is never atl- nourishing. In sickness bouillon and similar beverages are administered to-save the tissue that is burned away by the fever which almost alâ€" ways attends serious illness. This form of nourishment, like alcohol, is termed a “tissue saver,” and plies only enough nourishment. to keep up the strength of the patient, without requiring much work the digestion, which is always paired by illness. Broths, purees, and, soups are highly nourishing, speaker said. but clear soups, when served as the first course of a dinâ€" ner, are of value only because they supply warmth and start. the digesâ€" tive juices into action. sup- from im- other thick t he visable, the loose weave rendering it a poor investment in point of ser- vice. Before hemming a tablecloth, see that it is cut by the pattern. The thread makes the pattern, and if one follows the pattern it takes less time than pulling the thread. While hemstitcliing makes a pretty finish, it cannot endure bard usage, anti is, therefore, inapproâ€" priate. for cloths that have to be frequently laundered. The. best way to hem an every- day linen is to turn and haste a narrow hem, then folding the hem back again on the right, side of the cloth, sew the hem to the cloth by hand in an overâ€"andâ€"ovcr seam. The lecturer prepared before her Then flatten and press the hem in audience some bouillon, which she place. said had TCCGiVCd tll? necessary The monogram or initial of the time in Simmering before being houseâ€"mistress should be wrought, brought to the lecture. This was diagonally in one corner in white made as follows :â€"For two pounds line}, or outline silk, of beef take two tablespoonfuls of rbutter, and brown the butter with SHIPLE REMEDIES. two slices of onion. When the onion has become delicately tinted, add the meat, cut in small pieces. object of cutting up the meat is to allow as much of the meat as pos- sible to be exposed to the. action of the water which is added later. Brown the meat slightly in the butâ€" then cover ter and onion mixture, with one quart of cold soft water, and add a. piece of celery. Cover the for of that time strain carefully and return the Crush an egg shell and let simmer the end whole closely, two hours. At soup to the fire; and put. it in one cup of cold water. Add this to the soup and let it come carefully Keep the soup covered while cooking, as the swam â€" to a' boil, then strain through cheesecloth. carries off the flavors. \‘fhen serving, add to each plate a teaspoonful of sherry, one slice of and enough Worchestershirc flavor lemon, sauce to add the peppery without the use of that condiment. For nourishing soup stock the shin bone should be obtained. The portion of meat on the shin bone is greater than on the hind leg, and although the shin bone may be orâ€" dered from the butcher, he will not, The pro- For gravel, use spinach and onions. For asthma, use carrots. For scurvy, use turnips, onions and salt. For chronic diabetes, use peanuts, avoid all starch and sugar. For nervous disorders, use onions. turnips and celery. Onions are the best of nervines, toning up the sysâ€" tem and relieving nervous prostraâ€" tion. For a tonic, raspberries. For summer complaints, use. the same, also banana. For insomnia, use either lettuce or onions. use blackberries and “f , M senseless ’ ' .41 3%. @fiRlEEM THE DAIRY COW. This subject has been treated of- ten and ably, yet I believe something as a. rule, send it, because the de- mol’e can be said in regard to it, mnnd for it by experienced house- “'thh may GSSlSt at least the yOUDg keepers who know the value of cerâ€" tain parts is greater than the ply. For a rich sup~ soup stock allow farmer and those who have not yet stuidied the subject:' carefully, writes Prof. J. P. Roberts, of Cornell Uni- one quart of water to every pound VerSlty- EVCI‘y COW is just as $003 of meat and bone_ The bone sup_ as she can be. Her product equals plies the gelatina The average her inheritance, the food she con- weight of 8. Shin bone is five pounds. _Soup stock. when sufficiently rich, _ should" solidify into a jelly cold. “We have in meat five principlesâ€" fibrin, fat, gelatine. albumen and osmazone," continued the lecturer, in speaking of the richer soups, "and‘in making soup stock it is our object, as far as possible, to draw out those five principles into the water with which we cover the meat. Because meat is expensive it is most necessary that we should learn to cook it so that we may get from it all possible nourishment, especially as the proteid matter it affords plays so large a part in the economy of the may be found in other foods than meat, for the white of egg, milk and other foods contain' it, but the largest quantity is found in lean meat. We call the proteids the flesh builders in order to make their functions clear and distinguishable from those of the fats and oils, which we call the fat. makers, and _the carboâ€"liydrates the work proâ€" ducers. For while the starches and sugars. under which names the housekeeper is familiar with the car- boâ€"hydrates, do furnish fat for the tissues. their great function is that of furnishing energy in the form of heat to keep us warm and the strength with which to do our work. Of the three grbat classes of organic foods. it is safe to say that this one receives the most. abuse in cookâ€" ing, and the natural result is trouble in the digestive system." HOUSEHOLD LINEN. For the outer covering of beds there are all sorts of pretty and novel‘things in white or in colors. The durable Marseilles quilts come both plain, woven and embroidered in white or in colors. The fancy for embroidery also ex- tends to the finish of sheets and pillow cases. "Shams" are still much used, though many houseL keepers prefer cases. into which the pillows are buttoned. when system. Proteids sumes and assimilates, and her treat- ment. This last is often for con- venience mlled “environment.” To the up~country dairynian all this sounds well, but he says I want something more specific. I know an animal whiCh comes from a long line of unusually productive ancestors is likely to be more productive than an animal having inferior ancestors. But how did this animal come to be superior to most others of its kind? if I may but learn this secret then 1 Can myself, in time, breed superior animals. But too often when I have used one of these superior male ani- mals, his offspring are little or no better producers than the nondeâ€" scripts upon which he was bred, I am diSCouragod and have lost faith in full blooded animals. This dowbtâ€" ingThomas cannot be ignored. You cannot silence him by making fun of him or by dodging his persistent questiors. He must he answered. Don't worry if the answer does not convince him. With that YOU HAVE NOTHING TO B). We may sun-twith the fact that all the cattle of New York except the full bloods are grades, and many of them are excellent. \‘.’e may also aflirni that too large a. per cent. of the full bloods are only of average quality or below it. How were so many good nondescri] ts produced? The term “nendcscript” I use to iiiâ€" dicate animals without reconded ped- igrees and of which little or nothing is known of their lirtoding, but nevâ€" ertheless show nnniiStaLufivly that they have received more or less of their blood from some distinctive breed. \‘l'crc the imported qualities of the nondescripts due to this fusion of the blood of some distinc- tive breed? Yes and no. I will try to make this answer clear by scribing briefly what has been hapâ€" polling. A dairyman “got, converted" at some dairy convention and purchasâ€" distinctive breed. This conversion, though at the eleventh hour, was genuine. The dairynian took good care of the newly purchased bull. hem , inâ€" 2 deâ€" . ed a moderately good hull of some_ ,o'bserved the cows more closely andl 1fed and cared for them just a. littlc‘ better than formerly. “’hen the halfâ€"blood calves appeared they lieâ€": came pots. He loved them better than he had the former ring-stranâ€" o:l and speckled calves because they hand more or loss of the distinctive‘l colors and characteristics of the. fullâ€"- 7blOO'llCtl sire. He calls his bull n lthoroughbrcd. That word is a full] mouthful; how he likis the sound of‘ lit. The man has loen chance-l quite as much as the calves. Hence the food and environment. have been changed also. Was the improvement in these. grades as shown by increasâ€" (*(l products when they came to lllfl-‘ ‘turity due to the conversion of thcl man to the iron in his blood or to the blue blood of the sire whose an- cestors were from across the salted :seas‘? ’l‘lfl'l‘. Tl‘).‘ll')l“.NCY HAS IllGlChI to give all the, credit to tlwe sire and none to the boss of the sire. A man inlay be the father of a child, but.| the teacher “is likely to lie. the father of the man. “As the twig is bent so is the tree inclined." As the, cowl and calf are nourished the pail is filled. No one has a higher aprprtL ciation of a good, pureâ€"bred, or a! poorer opinion of a scrub full blood than I have. I wish the dairyman could grasp the subject as a whole and not divide it up into vulgar and improper fractions, the numerators of which are certain never to man a complete unit. Would the dairy- man better place at the head of his bend a full blooded male? thinly, if he can secure. a really good one and provided further that if he aims at improvement. he will imâ€" prove the foo‘rl of the herd. make it. the herd, more comfortable and give more rational care. No one of these three factors can be well ignorâ€" ed. letL me emphasize again that the animal is just: as good as it can be, and always expresses in its growth, I‘Cl‘SOll and products an exact averâ€" age of all the units of energy and control which enter into its being. If more is desired more must. be supplied; better inheritance or better food or better environment, and bet- ter still, all combined simultaneous. ly. If any one of these factors of improvement is left out, the retard- ation may produce deterioration alâ€" though one factor tended to ini- provement, the minus factor being of greater potency than the plus facâ€" tor. The dairyincn of tl‘e slate purâ€"‘ chase eaCh year many pineâ€"bred l bulls. They should purchase many more; they (lo.not purchase as many ‘as they should because they too Of‘l ten get pvoor ones. This is largely due to the fact that the breeders of= full~blooded cattle, at least some. breedeis, persist in sellirig bull calves FROM INFERIOR DAMS. Dams so poor in milk production that they would disgrace the nerd to which the bull is sent. If the dairy cows are to be improved a. moxe vigorous weedirg out must. be practiced by the breeders of pureâ€" bred cittle. TI‘CLO remarl s are ma"e , in no spirit of captions criticlisni, but with the view of showing thatl it improvement is secured it, naturalâ€" ly should begin at the fountain head. When a good male is placed at. the thead of a herd the food of the cows should approximate in ellicicncy andl productive power that used in thel herd from which the hull was taken, or the tendency to reversion and de- terioration in the illy nourished .cows is likely to counteract. the im- provement that should be secured by reason of the improved sire, One summer of inadequate food supply or one winter on short, innutritious raâ€" tions may lower the productive of the herd for years. The dairyman may wonder why the improved blood introduced does not produce more marked beneficial results. llc fails to note that it is the man and not: the bull that is at fault. Having placed a. good male at the head of the herd and having furnished a. full ‘ surpply of nutritious food, there is yet danger that the potential imâ€" provement may be lost by $1.03r cme‘ lessness, such as irregular milling and feeding, exposure for a few hours several times during the winter to the merciless sleet and the pitrcing winds. Add to this uiikindness, LGâ€" con.ftrtable stables and an UNINSTRUCTED DAIRYMAN. 'l‘hesc environments will tend so mightin towards deterioration that even the improved blood end food combined cannot overcome them. Suct'tss in the dairy rwines from inâ€" structed administration. The cow is as good as she can be. The. man is the greatest controlling factor. If he is a, trained thoroughbred his; cows will show lileral profits and itl will matter little to him whether his bond is composed of full bloods, high grades, low grades or nondescripts so long as they are good and steadi- ly improving. The givater the knowledge and skill of the duirymun . t the more exact will be his accouiits1 with each individual cow. ’lhe greater the dc~~ire for improvement, the larger the number of animals sent to the slaughter penâ€"not; sold to his neighbors. The more intolâ€" ligent the proprietor the more calves will he rear that he may have :larrc numbers of heifers of the. llllp'.‘0\0’l sort “limb, in turn, “'lil make, it pnssible to eliminate greater llllll‘r luvs of animals whose credits but lslightly exceed their debits, and that ‘hc may have the grcit pleasure of holping to Clear the earth of (lead beads by eating them up, Then the ‘ aro, iwards the establishment of a tuLer- Most ccr- . ‘two infallible tests being ‘of respiratory OOFS'illlPthl’l and t'.c ‘lO-‘fil. ' endowment, $100,000,000 world :.public will ask "what meat doth this wealthy (laii‘yiiuin feed upon that he ‘has grown American Agriculturist. so great and rich?" â€" other in 1700. SANITARIUMS \VRONG AND DI- SEASE INCURABLE. Benefactions of the I’eople Are Claimed by Scientist to Be Useless. During the last six months French 1-hilanthropy, ts, etially in l’aris, has been concentrated in eimits to comâ€" bat, tulerculosis, which has assumed the proportions of a national peril. Public and private subscriptions have poured forth with uucxaiiiplud llllt‘l‘tlllly. One Parisian paper alone, the Fig» 'has raised over $300,000 toâ€" culosls sanitary system after the German model which Dr. llrouardel and the French delegates to the tuberculosis congress so enthusiasâ€" tically commend, but t! e other day the philanthropic public received a shock that came with tho suddinncss of a flash of lightning from the blue sky, for Dr. Albert Ilobin of the French Acailleiny of Science. in a lecâ€" ture delivered at. Sorbonno before an audience composed of scient'sis and of prominent men and women of Parisian society, announced that all that has so far been accomplished in the great fight against. tubeiculosis is in vain, and that medical science and philanthropy have started on an altogether wrongr tack. . DISEASE IS 1 NCU RABLE. Dr. Robin does not. hesitate to asâ€" sert, and his position is supported by data. which seem irrefutable to such high authorities as Brouardcl, (lrancl‘icr, and La.i.»louzy of the Paris faculty of lllO'IllC’an, who were preâ€" sent at the lecture, that tubeiouâ€" losisi, when once firmly established in the system, is practically incurable. llobin‘s figures prove t'iiat, of Illi 'illl‘Cl'ClilUS‘lS patients who leave the mnilariuni ten reiarsc after six mo..tlis and ten after one year. and ‘that. only five out, of the 36 are Savâ€" ed. The only efficacious method of fighting tuberculosis, according to liobin, is prevention. llist‘overics just mai'e by All‘ert lloliin and his colleague, Maurice Billet. enable the stage of predispoâ€" sition to tuberculosis to to deterâ€" mined with mathematical accuracy, an excess daily organic dcuuiineraliration or loss of mineral elements of the s'jfsâ€" It is to th's preliminary stage of tuberculosis that all e 'o'ts should be directed, absolute remedy or pre- vention being easily attained by the. air cure, by abstention from alcohol, and by complete mental and ph) sical rent. 4 llobin maintains that sanitarnems towards which millions of dollars have been uselessly expended are from a financial point ('f v‘ew imâ€" practicable, and therapeutically are SIMPLY CHIMERICAL. Robin supports the article under the financial head, ‘by pointing out; that sritpposing only 100,000 Leis were providozl for the 500,000 rcrsons suffering from tul:erculo“~*is in Frame, and each bed cost $1,000 for lllltié‘tl \c required at the outset. without. counting incidental expimcs. Allert Robin's revelatim s are com- Vmcntcd on by all the leading papers in Paris and in France, 211.71 his reveâ€" lations, coniirg with the snuddenne‘ss of a bombshell, cause something apâ€" proaching to revolution in the great humanitarian struggle against, tuber- culosis. I in conversation Dr. Robin says that, as far as examination of the facts brought. to his knowledge warâ€" ranted, his opinion was that human- itarian philanthropy in regard to tuberculosis was on the wrong track in the United States. just as it was 1 in France, and that a complete change of the great stru ‘gle in America as in Europe. ____._+_.__ ._.. G llAINS OF C OLD. There is nothing that costs less than civility.â€"â€"(‘er\7mtcs. llaughtiucss lives under the same roof with solitude. -â€" I‘lato. It is often betttr not to see an inâ€" sult than to avenge it. â€"â€" chectt. Friends-hip lists but with fortune and sets when men go downward.â€" Aarou llill. Borrowing death of every man’s estate. â€" Sir Walter llal: 5h. lt is more difficult fer a man to behave well in prosperity than ad- versity. â€"â€" RochefoucaulJ. (‘rcat and good are the action: done by many whose worth is never known. â€" l’TLll‘lS Anderson. “'0 cannot ointrol the tongues of others, but a good life enables us to despise calumnies. â€" Cato. ’l‘liere is not in nature a thing that makes a man so deformed as ‘intenipeiale anger. â€"â€" John ".\'ei ster. \lliat \vi'eiched shifts are they ol;- lic'cd to make use of who would supv port the appearant‘e of a fortune they have netâ€"Fielding. THE PROFESSOR. there any good reason," S'd« inquirel some oize in the "is deiily 'gl‘OlLD, “why money should be called l.ll.l1y lucre?” "Not in this town," fessor. “We use so little of it cleaning the streets.”- sa it! the pro- for v...â€" Tlte first life insurance society was staltod in London in 1698, and an- Xeither was successâ€" ful. tactics should be made in‘ is the cenl or and the. FRENU militia KINGS SURGICAL TRIUMIPH OF DR. JAMES K. YOUNG. Wonderful Operation on a Font- Year-Old Child in Phil- adelpliia. An unexplored world is opened for the surgeon by the discovery that, a paralyzed limb can be restored by uniting a dead nerve with a living Ione, thereby restoring the connection with the system and reâ€"cstablisliing :thcr lost current of power. This wonderful result. has actually been attained by an operation just performed by Dr. James K. Young :‘of Philadelphia. He has long held ‘Um obmion that the surgeon’s knife ,could be used in diseases of the ,nerves as well as of the body. The ‘delieaie nature of such an operation, Iand the fear that shocking conscâ€" kqucnces would result from cutting in- [to the nervous system, has, howâ€" "c\cr, deterred physicians from at- ‘tca'nlltillir to carry such a theory in- ito practice. A case presented itself Lrecently that seemed to offer a fa- Vorable opportunity for experiment, land it, was determined to make the attempt. I‘ARALYSIS OF THE FOOT. The patient, was Mamie “‘eis, ll: years old. whose foot was paralyzed so that she could move it from right. to left, but not from left to right. It seemed to the surgeons who ex- amined the case that if the dead [nerve whose function it was to give lpower to the muscles could to sever- ed at a. point where life still remain- led and united to the nerve that intovod the foot. on the other side the 'limb would be restored to its nor- mal condition. If the chart of the nervous system be studied it will be lseen that the nerves separate from one center above the knee, one branching; to the right, the other to the left. i In Mamie Weis’ case the trouble was that below the knee the nerve jwas sound, but it had lost connec- tion with the system and was powâ€" erless for lack of for‘CC from the main source of supply. As explain- ed by llr. Young, it, was like a teleâ€" graph wire that had ceased to work he‘arsc of lecoming disconnrctod at some point between the main line and the soun-‘liiig key. The logical course in such an emergency would be to reconnect the wire and restore ‘the flow of electricity. Applying :this reasoning to the case of Mamie ill‘cis, Dr. Young argue-Ll that if 11! lcould sever the nerve and attach it to the nerve that runs paraihl with it the. lost current would be regained ‘ani'l the pawl; sis cured. (Il‘FA’l‘ CARI-l NECESSARY. As may be imagined, such a deliâ€" cate operation was not icrformed without carcfl preparation. Dr. Young stLdicd the nervous system in that part of the human aratoniy ,with grc.-.t attention for several weets. 'lc located the nerve by means of studious exploration in the dissect n "â€"I‘OOl‘il an-(l was ultimately assured that he could find the nerve in a living person's leg, sever it at, the right point and reunite it to the living nerve. It is impossible to ,ilinaigine anything: more thrilling in surgical science than this creation. To find a. nerve in the network that runs through the human Letty is a. work reqiiring the utmost sl-i'l. But, to sever that nerve, transfer it to arother l‘illt of the limb. bore a hole in the living nerve there and insert the end of the severed nerve in this hole, is almost too delicate ‘an operaticn for human comprehen- sion. th this was actually done, fand done succesafully. llut it was one thing to perform 'an operation in the presence of a crowd of medical men and another to declare the skill of the surgeon Iliad cured paralysis. It would taluc ‘weeks liefore the bandages Could be removed in order that. the joined nerves could be examined to see lw‘liethcr they had united. There was lnothing to guide the surgeons. Bones .uiiite, of couive. It is an easy mat- ter to join the ligaments. But no one could say that one section of tth ;l‘.el‘\'0‘.‘.S system could be made to grow to another, for no one 119.4 ever tried such a thing. A COMPLETE SUCCESS. There was nothing for it, tl‘ercfore, but to wait developments, giving na- tuie plenty of tinzo to aid the S‘tlll of the surgeons. It. was determined to say nothing about the operation to the medical fraternity until the brndagcs were leinovcd. Dr. Lo- 'renz, when in Philadelphia, was let into the secret. and expressed Won- der at the daring of the American surgeons. He requested that vord be sent him concerning the actual result of the operation. it has just teen made possible to do this. The bandages were remov- ed from the limb and it was found lthat the nerves had i'nitc'i perfectly, and, most gratifying to all, the par- alyzed limb had been restored to a lnorinal state. “11:0 niamic \‘feis be Iincc able to walk like other children, without a trace of her fol‘P’OX‘ dis- ali‘ity. 'l'hc accoiiij'tanying picture shows the little girl just before “he left the hospital, completely cured of ‘hrr palsy, the nurse putting the slirc and stcc‘.ing on UN: limb that ,the surzrons had restore/l. ‘ ’l‘le possibilities si'ggfltod by the ‘sr'ccess of this operation are limitâ€" less, Now that it has been proved that a. pai‘alyzml verve can be re- ‘storcd and made useful by lc'nz’,’ oincd to a living 02.1}. there is no jreason why paral_\ as in almost any part of t.‘ a body cannel. be cured Ly the use of the knife.