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THE BONE OF THE HOG. This is a part of the hog which produces much discussion, as We have three divisions on the bone question. Some breeders want the heavy bone, others the light bone. and others the medium bone. Size of bone does not seem to be the index of his strength. There is a fineness of structure in bone that is necessary to greatest Strength. This equality of bone gees with highest vitality or com- pletest development of all the parts that go to make up the animal of highest. type and fullest develop- ment. No man has yet seen the bullock of abnormally large bone take a prize at the fat stock show for the best beast on foot or on the block, and until the animal law of growth is changed, no man Will find prizewinncrs among the big. spongyâ€"boned brutes. The animal of highest vitality is the one, with strength of muscle, bone, fibre and every vital organ above the aver- age. The big spongy bone always means low vitality. Its texture and coarseness is an index of flesh and sklnr The coarse boned beast is a poor handler. Quality of bone is of first import- ance and it seems impossible to find this along with abnormal bigness. The size and quality of bone may be affected by character of feed, but this cannot wholey overcome the inherited effect of selection and here- dity. The highest 'quality of bone is the product of good breeding and judicious feeding. The eye can not always detect the quality of bone in the living animal,but the practised eye, along with the practised hand, can tell much of the quality and texture. The extremes of bigness and smallness of bone are to be avoidâ€" ed. Each has its objections. The bone of greatest excellence is found between the two extremes. After the breeders have been selected let.w it be borne in mind that quality is easily affected by feeding. This means the feed must not he all Corn, or of the fatâ€"forming kind but must furnish the elements for making bone and fibre as well as fat. TEACHING A COLT TO BACK. To teach and train a colt properâ€" ly is a science which too few under- stand. Learn to understand your animal, his' peculiarities. and tram him accordingly. Many ecperience difficulty in training a colt to back. There should be no serious difficulâ€" ty in this if proper methods are fol- lowed. The following from Horstâ€" Sense, one of the many champions of the horse, will help: “After the colt fully understands the legitimate use of the halter in leading is a good time to teach it to backâ€"an important and neces- sary duty in its after life of usefulâ€" nessâ€"which is easily accomplished by complying with the natural law again~by pressing the extended’finâ€" gers of one hand between the point of the shoulder and the breastbone and using the other hand at the halter strap to simply keep the colt straight in line, to back in any de- sired direction. Do not try to force the colt backwards by yanking at the halter or bit, but simply press in this sensitive chestvcavity with the fingers, and the colt will naturally go backwards, provided there is nothing of any obstruction behind it. When this pressure has been made at the front and the colt has moved backward (if it is only one step) it should be rewarded for this action; then try it again. About the third time this pressure has been made it is a good time to as- sociate the word ‘back' with the pressure, and the reader will be surprised to see how soon the colt will comprehend what is wanted, and willingly the young thing comâ€" plies with our every wish as soon as it understands what is wanted." INJURY FROM WEEDS. Almost every one understands that a. rank growth of weeds robs the soil of much fertility that would be useful in growing the cultivated crops. But we have seen those who claimed to be good farmers who thought. that by supplying manure or fertilizer enough they could grow the two crops together, the useful one and the. \reed crop, and the Sav- ing of labor by not trying to deâ€" stroy the weeds \vould counterbalâ€" ance the cost of the fertilizing ele- ments taken up by them. A little thought will show the fallacy of this idea. When the weeds take the fertility from the soil, they also take the water in which they are made soluble. Often the plants in our fields suffer more in the grow- ing season from a lack of moisture in the soil than from a lack of ferâ€" tility and a coarse, weed absorbs more than any food vegetable. The weeds also shade the ground and keep it cool, while many plants. like the corn plant. need all the heat of summer to fully develop them. A few crops may do better for icing partially shaded, but cerâ€" tainly corn does not. Add to this the fact that many of our most common weeds may ripen more than a thousand seeds, and some of them about ten thousand to a plant, and rank growing ' we can see the injury done. by neg- lecting to destroy the weeds beâ€" fore they mature. The benefit deâ€" irived by :1 i‘re.uient stirring of the isoil is so great that it. will pay to 'do it often even when there are no weeds, but to neglect to stir it and , criminal. HORSE NOTES. Undeveloped horses, as a rule, are uncertainties. A blemish or injury on a sticking Icolt may ruin him. Sores or bruiSes on horses should be healed up as soon as possible. I'Ixcessive sweating indicates weakâ€" ness and in hot weather is hard. \\'ith horses hot weather and heatâ€" ing food do not go well sogether. Irregular feeding makes thin horsâ€" Ies no matter what quantity is giv- en. Soundness is an essential feature in the make up of a riding or drivâ€" ing horse. Fast driving makes still horses unâ€" less extra care is taken after each spurt of speed. The horses that are best able to stand hard strains are those which work steadily every day. A horse for use does best with just enough feed to replace the waste of his system and to keep him feel- ing Well. It is not so much overwork or scant keep that irijure horses as it is irregularities to which the animal is exposed. A heavy, Well proportioned draft horse with plenty of spirit and style enough to show off well presents a more attractive appearance than any small horse. The advantage in using goofi hors- es is as much in being able to sell at any time as it is in getting good prices when you do sell. It is easier to teach a horse what to do than to break up habits that have been established. It is very important to start in right. The walk is the foundation of all other gaits, and with beginning at the foundation all future developâ€" ments will be unsatisfactory. â€".r._¢ HOW YOU MAY KEEP YOUNG. “Don’t Worry,” One of the Most Important Rules. There’s no trouble at all about keeping young if you know what to do. Sarah Bernhardt says that she has kept her youth by the aid of hot water and soap, “.When I am tired I take a hot bath," she says. "IVhen I am ner- vous I take a hot bath and mas- sage. When I am depressed nothing exhilaratcs me and puts me in form so soon as a hot bath. Every night when I am playing, as well as when I am at. leisure, I take a hot scrub before going to bed. Yes, I scrub my face with soap and hot water twice, and sometimes three times in the twenty-four hours. There is no beautifier like soap and water, and no preservative against illness, nerves and age that compares with hot water." Clara Barton keeps young by not puttering. “I don't putter," she says, "that's what ages womenâ€"puttering. When I am not working I either rest or play. When I see a woman breaking down with nervous prostration, I wonder when women will learn to stop puttering. Sleep is a great thing for women. Half the women don’t sleep enpugh. I’ve cultivated the accomplishment of napping. I shut my eyes and go to sleep when- ever therc's a lull in my work. It isn't the work that wears women outâ€"it‘s fretting and puttering. Here’s the way to keep young: Stop worrying and go to work." “Iiidiilging in a fit of ugly temper not only shortens a. woman's life, but makes her old and ugly before her time," says Mrs. Annie Jenncss Miller, the apostle of dress reform. “Control your temper, for every time you allow it to control you you spoil your good looks and inâ€" jure yourself physically. Not only that, but the woman who governs her temper is the woman who wins in this life; and, as a rule, she makes the best match, because men like sweet tempered wives. Then, anger curdles the blood hinders circulation and consequently makes the com- plexion bud and dulls the eye." One woman who is beautiful, though (30, gives her recipe for reâ€" taining youth us: “Have great pa- tience with fools," Worrying or being annoyed by the foolishness of others only makes unnecessary lines on brow and checks. Here are a few rules for the guid- ance of the woman who would be beautiful at 60 or 80, with a fresh complexionâ€"not one of parchmentâ€" and bright eyes and mental faculties active 1 Sleep eight hours during the tWen- tyâ€"four. Don't drink hard water. That long-lived race of people, the Chinese, drink only rain water, they can possibly obtain it. Avoid food that contains lime. Every article of food contains l-ime: but of course there are some that are freer from lime than others. Onâ€" ions are admirable youth pct-servers; so are fish rice and eggs. Eat fruit of all varieties. contains a large amount of acid, and this neutralizes the effect of those elements which make old creep fast upon us. Not long ago a German discoverer] Fruit age that all you had to do to live for-y ever and be beautiful forever was to eat a sufficiency of lemons. There was only one objection to the plan, lkill the weeds is but little less than. lliUNEY Kl THE JEWS ARE THE LEADING } FINANCIERS. ‘Little Known Facts About Their ‘ Wealth, Power and Position. l-‘oreinost among the money kings gof Europe, as the great financiers of ,‘the world are called, stands the name {of Rothschild. ,\\'ithout attempting ,10 trace the history of the present ‘fuinily, which has been told so many times, it is nevertheless interesting to note its rapid rise. Before the I:niiddle of the eighteenth century there were no llothschilds known to fame. The. father of the first Rothschild was a Jewish merchant of the name of Mayer Bauer, who resided at Frankfort. lle intended to make his son a Rabbi, but the latter preferred a busiuCSS career, and started in Frankfort as a moneyâ€"lender. lly law he was required to hang out a Sign, just as publicâ€"houses do. Bauer chose a red shieldâ€"in (lerman. Rothschild. lie, prospered so well under that. sign that he discarded the family appeallation of Bauer and borrowed the one on the sign. Roths- child, therefore, is purely an adopt- ed name. From a money-lender he became a banker and, in 1802, just over a cen- tury age, he made his debut as a financier on the international stage by raising a loan for the Danish Government. Four years later, when Napoleon invaded Prussia with his army, young Rothschild hid a huge. quantity of silver and other treasures belonging to a Prussian nobleman in his garden, where they remained for years until they Were, reclaimed by their rightful owner, Who received all his wealth plus 5 per cent. interest, which earned banker the title. of ' ‘THE HONEST J ICW. " At. his death, in 1812, he left five sons and five daughters. The most famous of these was the third son, who came to England in 1800 to buy cotton goods for his father at Manchester. Five years later he settled down in London as a tanker and financier, and during the followâ€" ing century he and his offspring played no mean part in the financial history of this country. .W'hen the sturdy, far-seeing Jew arrived at the capital England was the if‘ at war with Napoleon, and fully conâ€" vinced that she held the whiting card he backed her for all he was worth. When Wellington's drafts on the British Government came in from the Peninsula in 1810 and there was no money in the National 'l‘reasury to meet them, Rothschild took them up and renewed them from time to time until the hardâ€"pressed Chancel- lor of the Exchequer could redeem them. But Rothschild did not obâ€" lige the Government for nothing. He paid all the bills less a heavy disâ€" count. every one of which was subâ€" sequently redeemed at. par, giving the financier a huge profit. At the Battle of .Waterloo he made a big haul on the London Stock Exâ€" change. Receiving news that the French had been defeated through a Dutch paper brought to him by a captain in his employ, he hastened at once to inform Lord Liverpool of the glad tidings, who strange to say, “refused to believe it. Rothsâ€" child then made his way to the Stock Exchange, which had just re- ceived a rumor that lllucher had been defeated. All stocks were subsequnt- ly depressed to the lowest point. Rothschild bought up almost everyâ€" thing, and two days later, after the victory had been confirmed, sold out at a tremendous profit. He is said to have MADE OVER $5,000,000 by this one important item of news. He died in 1836 and was succeeded by his son Lionel. He was the first Jew who ever sat in the House of Commons, and his son, the present Lord Rothschild, was the first He- brew financier admitted to the Iiouse of Lords. England owes much to this fulnily of Jewish financiers. They made London the financial centre of the Continent by the stipulation they imposed upon foreign Govern- ments that all drafts they issued You had to eat for each seven but that was fatal. duily one lemon vears of your age. ‘ “hen, therefore, you arrived at the second,or third century, your length of life would be of very little use to you, for it would take all your time to eat the prescribed quantity of lemons. m‘ Neglect a. cough and contract consumption. Shifioh’s Consumption The Lung Tanic cures consumptionâ€"- but don’t leave it too long. Try it now. Your money back if it doesn‘t benefit you. Prices 25c., 50c., and $1.00 S. C. WELLS & CO. Toronto, Can. LcRoy, N.Y. liF EP‘ How you after one CEVLON and wholesome, just laid only In "sled land â€"I_ nun-h... \ __.».‘.\_.. were to be repaid in London. Tth smed the Suez Canal from passing into the hands of the French (loxern~ ment by lending $30,000,000 at right. moment. They also raised the $1,00f'),000,000 war indemnity de- manded by (lor-many from the French after the Francoâ€"German War. This famous peace treaty was signed at the Baron Rothschild chateau, on the outskirts of Paris, the firm having long ago established branches at Paris and Vienna. Although honored by almost every Government of Europe, the Rothsâ€" childs have not been permitted to enter Russia, They have a preju- dice against Spain. Many are inâ€" clined to think that they favor war for the interest they obtain on their loans. This is far from the case, and during at least one critical ino- ment of late years, when there imminent danger of England and a European Power, the whole influence of the ltothschilds was thrown unhesitatingly and stead- ily in favor of peace, LORD ROTH S C [1.] LD, is regarded as 'thc'ablest of the preâ€" sent generation. No one has ever war between interviewed him. Nor has he, ever written a hook, or an article or made a speech upon any topic of public interest or the least public im- poriance. Although the weath and power of the IiothSChilds were never so great as to-day, other money kings have sprung into existence within the last generation who have wielded no small influences in the affairs of the world. One recalls the name of the late Ilnron Hirsch, He made most of his money by building railways in the Balkans and in speculating on the European exchanges. He is reâ€" nowned for his magnificent bequest of $33,000,000 to improve the condi- tions of the poor Jews of Austiia. It is to be regretted, however, that although the weathy Baron's intenâ€" tions were of the best, the applica- tion of the enormous sum has scarce- ly realized the hope of the muniflcent founder. Another famous Jew who made millions in railway construction was M. Jean Bloch, the eminent Warsaw banker and political economist. M. Bloch, although influential as a money king, was much better known by his writings, and especially by his prophetic encyclopaedic work on the "Future of ,\\'ar." M. Bloch was a statesman and a seer as well as a great railway builder and financier. He spent his money lavishly in the promotion of his ideas, and on his death he left large sums to be do voted to public charities and to the education of girls. In Scandinavia the manufacture of dynamite gave Alfred Nobel an al- most regal position. The dynamite king abstained during his life from taking any part in public affairs, but on his death be left a fortune of $10,000,000 to found prizes to be distributed annually in lump of about $40,000 each to tie five persons who have rendered best serâ€" vice to their fellowâ€"men. The Nobel prizes are awarded an- nualIy: first to the man who has made the most important discovery in the domain of physical science; secondly, to the man who has made the most important discovery or in- troduced the greatest improvement in chemistry; thirdly, to the author of the most important discovery in the domain of physiology or iiieditine fourthly, to the man who has proâ€" duced the most reumrkable literary ’work of an idealistic nature; and, fifthly, to the man who has done the most and the best work for the flaâ€" ternity of the nations, the suppresâ€" sion or reduction of standing armies, and the formation and propagation of peace congiesscs. iwealth. Speaking shortly befoie his (loath, he said: “i am a thorough Social lieuiocrnt, but with modern- ,tion, Experience has taught me lthut great fortunes acquired by inâ€" heritance never bring happiness; they :only dull the faculties. .\ny man lpossessiug a large fortune ought not ‘10 leave more than a small part of ,it to his heirs, not even to his direct .‘heirsâ€"just enough to make their Way ,‘in tl‘e world." , In Denmark the only money lairg is :Jacobscn, the brewer. ti-i‘eSf‘llIOLl to his conntry or spent in scientific or pliilumhrol it: purposâ€" es about $5.(N)4I,(l0(,). The f'arlsherg lfund which he founded celebrated its twentyâ€"fifth anniversary in l9I!l, leien his son, Jacobson ll, hundel ‘ - the famous l)l’c‘.\'vl'_\', the source \of all their wealth, to the ionly t’i‘rClWlhg for himself and his family oneâ€"third of the income for fifty years. Jacobsen also presentâ€" ed Copenhagen with the largest priâ€" vate collection of sculpture in the GREEN tea. like thel \VaS ‘ $111115 1 lt,is worth while to record the testimony of this master of many, |millions as to the e\il of inherited .l ucohsen l.‘ f.ind,, ever drank Japan 0 tasting Pure, delicious " Salada ” black tea packets. By all Grocers. world, the estimated value of whicl was not less than $3,000,000. Of American money kings one could write at great length, but their in- fluence has not been particularly fell in Europe, with the exception, pen haps, of that famous finanticr, Mr. 'J. l’cirpont Morgan. The ussotinb ed capital of the enterprises with which he is connected in one shapi or another has been stated t4 amount to no less than $9,000,000“ 000, a sum easily written down on paper, but almost impossible for -the human mind to grasp.â€"Londou Titâ€"Bits. COMI’LIMENTS FOR THE KING. Again and for all time does the Irishman show himself the finest ar- ztist in witty compliments in the ‘world. These compliments to King lEdwurd from sons of the “sister is- .land,” which are going the rounds of the English press, are triumphs over political rancor. Thus wit per- forms a service of utmost import; anco. TWO London journalists, on their way from Dublin to Cork, accosted a chaggy native at at Queen’s Coun- ty station. "Well, Pat, what do you think of the King of England now?" “King of England, is it?" replied the Irishman, and there stole over his face an expression of drollcry as he went on in a stage Whisper' “Sure, avic, ye'll Want a viceroy over there, I'm thinkin'. Himself an' herself are not goin' back to yez at all!" . Another quaint anecdote of the ,Same epoch-making trip comes from lCalaway. An old dame in that “City of the Tribes" who had spok~ on with the king was questioned as to what she thought of his majesty. She delivered herself of a long and enthusiastic eulogy to the effect that “ Edward the First of Ireland" was “a. grand man intirely," closing with the remark that she had “only wan thrilling fault to find with him." And what was this fault? “Och, sure, they kept the poor lman so long in the Phaynix Park Ibeyant that they have him talkin' with a sthrong Dublin accent!" NEXT! Catherine Iierain was a. charming 1Welshwoman of long ago. She had tso many husbands and so numerous iwere her progeny that, says the Rev. LS. Baringâ€"Gould in his recent book about her Country, she is known to as the "Mother of l ‘ genealogists Wales." Catherine never went beggin‘g. She married early the first time. and of- tenâ€"and at rather startling inter- valsâ€"afterward. Her first husband, by whom she had a son, was John ISaulsbury of Lleweni. At his funer- al Sir Richard Clough gave her his arm. Outside the churchyard stood Maurice Wynn of Gwydir, awaiting a decent opportunity of proposing to her. As she issued from the gate he did this. "Very sorry,” Said the widow. with some regret, “but I have just accepted Sir Richard Clough. Should I survive him I will marry you." She was as good as her word when the opportunity came. Local history has it that she married yet a fourth husband. i i .- "Ma'ain," began Terence, who had been selectcd to break the iieWs "there war an explosion at the quarry the day. an " “Oh, it's my Patrick! " cried Mrs. Cussidy, “Oh, don't tell me Oi'll niver see him again!" “Inriade, Oi wouldn't tell ye thot, mu'am, fur: whativer ‘gois up must come down." A London schoolmaster, having re- quisted each of his class of lads to bring in three items of information about thi- ’l‘hunies that they could prove to to facts, recrived from one bright I‘oy the following:â€" “I have ]i\ed neer it, I have soled over it. I have fallen into it, These are facks about the Thames." a . . ..._ cl.” .a _. ; heart . aseass RELIEVE-ID lid 30 MIHUTB. 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