The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

The principles of breeding have been diligently sought by thousands of breeders, but not with that under- standing that would give the elemen- tary lessons that lead to ultimate success. The fundamental principles of breeding are as old as creation and through all the ages they have been immutable. There are four oi them: like begets like, variation, so- lection and environment. Some have tried to add to these a fifth, and that is aiavism or reversion; but 'this is n mistake. as ntavism is but a. manifestation of the first great law, that like begets like. Avutism is the reversion to a type establishâ€" ed by an early line of ancestors. DEFINITE AND CERTAIN; there must be a Working to some end. In breeding as in all other business you must know What you want before you go after it, then and than only can you hope to succeed. To take the Fhorthorn breed as an Illustration: Thomas Bates bred for an ideal and reached it. but it took long and persistent endeavor; there were disappointments and failures and before each move there was long and deep study. The experience of Amos Cruikshank was the same, but ever he held to the ideal and he won. These men recognized the immutable laws: like begets like, variation, so lection and environment. And it is more than probable that they knew the history of every animal that they used from the day of its birth to the day they put it on trial: that they knew his progenitors for at least four generations on both sides; that they knew the variations in these some animals and that the se- lection or any animal Was made ac- cording to whether or not the ani- mal had the characteristics and his ancestors had them too, and not be‘ cause he was recorded in any herd book or was the winner of ribbons RED, WHITE AND BLUE. To succeed as a breeder and 11 moulder of the breed Lhflt you would Improve there must be an ideal or a. fixed type set by yourself toward which you will work. There must, be an Improvement in that ideal and It must be better than any man now has. This ideal must, be Then you can be sure that they 1001(â€" ed well to enVironment and that the surroundings of these animals were of the best, for it was not. in these men to jeopardize success by poor surroundings after all their pains and trouble in the selection of What they believed suited to the attainment of the end they sought. With an intelligent application of the four fundamental principles oi“ breeding any man of average intelli- gence can hope to succeed as a breed- cr of live stock, but to be a. master in this the highest of all professions takes a master mind With uncoasin‘g application. Haphazard mating of animals 0 the same breed that have won at the stock shows can mean no- thing toward success unless an acci- dent. You might meet with an acci- dent and get a. Winner if you are lucky, but you will recall the old saying, “It takes a. fool for luck." If you are a. fool take your chance and see how luck will serve you. No great battle was ever won without a. definite plan and no business suc- cess was ever made without the hardest kind of Work. You may not and absolute cure for each and every form of itching. bleedingand probrudln piles. ch. manufacturers have guaranteed 11;. ee tes- timonials in the daily press and ask yum-neigh- bor: what they think of“. You can use it and kghfogr many back}! n93 mired. 600 aboxhal I To prove co you that Dr. I e Chase's Ointmentuacorhln Twitcmng of the muscles, sensi- tlvoness to light, sound and motion, grinding of the teeth during sleep, jerklixg of the llmbn, continual move- ment such as tapping the fingersâ€" thesa are some 0! the symptoms of exhausted nerves. :fi'JeKl-er: or finnamoiifim ac CbLToâ€"foiitx Dr. Chase’s Olntmenti Intervals of wakefulness, headache during the night, sparks before the was, disorders of slght and hearing, me ether indications that. nervous collapse is approaching. Because there is no acute pain people a: not. always realize the seriousnw of nervous diseases. They do not think of the helplass'neSS of body and mind, which ls the result 0! neglecting such anmenta. This great. food cure not only reâ€" ! protect you against iz vitalizes the wasted nerve cells, but 1 portrait and signature actually forms new firm flesh and * Chase, the famous rece tissue, builds up the system and1 thor, are on every box Some Indications of Nervaus iscrders Because of Its extraordinary conâ€" trol over diseases of the nerves Dr. Chase's Nerve Food has come to be considered the one great treatment. for disorders of this nature. The Warning Signals Which Forateli the Approach of Nervous I‘rostratlon, Paralysis and locomotor Ataxia. SCIENTIFIC BREEDING always be able to (t. is always there. The farmer who adopts a wise roâ€" tation of crops, who raises upon the farm the products for the support of his stock and his family, who seeks to increase his stock of manure from every available source, and applying it back to his land. will not. likely complain of his farm running dOWn. Strength, endurance and speed in a. horse are not developed by violent usage but rather by judicious amount, of exercise given so as to develop but not. strain. When the training goes beyond a. certain point it becomes in- jurlous, so that the development of muscle, strength and the power of endurance, comes within the trainer's province. Though not grown as extensively as some other roots in Canada, manâ€" golds are a valuable crop to grow. No other crop can be grown continu- ously on the land from your to your and get a good yield as can munâ€" golds. At the great Rothamstcd Ex- perimental Farm in England man- golds have been growu continuously on the Same land for 27 years. The flavor 0! eggs is influenced by the food. This may be easily tested by shuting up a laying- hen and giv- ing her garlic which will he found to indicate the flavor. Another theory (but which is not fully confirmed) is than an egg laid on any strongâ€" smelling substance will contract the odor. This is explained by the fact that the shell, when the egg is first laid, is comparatively soft and im- pressionable and becomes hard only after contact with the atmosphere. It is more probable. however. that an objectionable flavor is due to the food. Tainted food or drink should not be given under any conditions. Eggs should be collected daily. and not. left lying about the runs or in the nest boxes. As a rule this work is regularly done. each morning, but in most flocks there are a few hens who lay later than the others. some~ times not producing their eggs till midday, or after. If an egg is left lying about on the ground, it is apt to get broken, and in this way not a few egg-eaters are made. Good tillage does not consist in stirring the soil only often enough to kill the weeds, but stirring it often enough to keep mellow and in a fine tilth. whether there be weeds to kill or not. The better rule when it can be done. is never to allow the weeds to make their appearance above the ground. If they can be destroyed as soon as they germinate. they can be most thoroughly destroyed. The Walk of a young horse is largeâ€" ly influenced by the driver. If you put a. horse into the care of a slow, idle man, or if a. young horse is driven by a slow, careless man the animal will acquire a habit of slow motion that it will be difficult to overâ€" come. In a majority of cases a slow, trailing gait makes really harder work for the horse. A moderately quick walk, with at least all ordin- ary farm work, exhausts the animal loss than a. slow gait. From the time the root-crop be- gins to show itself above the ground the cultivator should be kept going. Forty or fifty years ago the farmer cultivated corn and potatoes to kill the weeds that grew in them. Now- aâ€"days the farmer cultivates for other purposes and incidentally to kill Weeds. The good farmer of toâ€" day knoWs that cultivation unlocks plant food, helps to conserve moisâ€" ture and aerate the soil and at the same time kills the weeds. It is better to allow hens to sit than to prevent them, but there are times when too many wish to‘do so. Dr. Chasa's Nerve Food, 50 cents a. box, at all dealers, or Edmanson, Bates & Company, Toronto. To protect you against imitations, the portrait and signature of Dr. A. W. ‘Chase, the famous receipt book au- When a hen wishes to sit, she is usually fat, the egg-producing caâ€" pacity of her system, for the time being has become exhausted and re- cuperation is needed. The first step to such recuperation is rest, and beâ€" ing naturally an industrious bird she feels that she may as Well raise a brood while resting. Avoid any sends new vigor and vitality to every organ of the body. Being composed of the greatest restoraâ€" oives of nature it is bound to do you good. v’Mrs. Drinkwater, 5 Water St. Gait” Ont... states :â€"-“My great trouble has been with my nerves. I was very nervous, had twltdhing of the nerves, and could not get :0 sleep at. night. I seemed quite worn out. and believing that. I needed some medicine began to use Dr. Chase's Nerve Food. I can truthâ€" fully say that. this preparation has proven surprisingly beneficial to me. It. has strengthened and steadied my nerves, made me rest and sleep well, and in fact built up the system generally.” FARM TOPICS see the work, but. cruel method. Place the fowl In a coop made of slatsâ€"40p, bot- tom and aidesâ€"~raiscd from the ground. As she can see everything around her, thus being disturbed and unable to create warmth, the air under her being cool. she will abanâ€" don thc attempt. Mr. Austin Chamberlain. the Britâ€" ish Chancellor of the Exchequer, has an extensive knowledge of agricul- ture, and one of his recreations is the running of a dairy farm, in which he takes a. keen practical in- terest. The farm is, as may be sup- posed, kept, mainly for pleasure; but it is conducted on economical prin- ciples, and has proved a signal suc- toss. From grocerâ€"boy to scientist is the honorable record of Dr. John James, head of the Physics Department, High School, Mlddlesbrough, England. who was recently appointed Director of Education for the county of Gla- morgan‘ He began life as a. groccr's apprentice, but subsequently went to Oxford, where he obtained his B. A. and Ii. Sc. degrees. Notes of Interest About. Prominent People. Dr. Penticost, the famous preacher, is a picturesque personality. Born sixty-one years .ugo, in Illinois, the lad, through the failure of his ia- ther, had a. rough life as it laborer on the high roads, Woodâ€"chopper in the forests. and hotel servant. At nineteen he became deputy-clerk to the United States Supreme Court at Kansas, studied law, then entered a theological training college. enlisted for the Civil War, resumed his proâ€" fession of the law. and at length be- came a. Baptist minister. Lord Rudstock, who is now in his seventyâ€"first year, is a. mun of strong religious convictions. whose sermons are much more eloquent than his speeches in the House of Lords. So daring has he been in his missionary enterprise that thirty years ago he invaded Russia and founded a sect after his own heartâ€"the Pashkofl‘ski. The price he paid for his daring was that he was forbidden to enter Rusâ€" sia again, so alarmed were the auâ€" thorities at the possibilities of his zeal. There are many stories told of the absentmindodness of the late Pro- fessor Mommsen, the German histori- an. On one occasion he was with his son, then a, boy of ten, in a, street- car. The latter fidgeted about so much that the Professor, Who was lost in thought, turned sharply up- on him and asked him his name. “The same as yours, sir," was the answer. The onlookers who had grasped the position and recognized the diminutive,figure oi the distinguâ€" ished savant, were vastly amused. Another instance is recorded when the Professor was discovered comâ€" posedly deciphering Roman inscrip- tions by the light of a. candle While his hair was on fire! Sir Reginald Hart is the happy possessor of many decorations, of which five are for personal bravery. First and foremost comes the V. C., which he won in 1879 by saving a trooper of the 13th Bengal Lancers in the Afghan campaign; then there is the Royal Humane Society's sil< vcr medal, together with a. clasp which was added for saving the life of a native in India; while the fourth and fifth decorations are medals pre~ sented to him by the French Presi- dent and the Mayor of Boulogne for saving life in that. town. Besides these, General Hart Wears the medâ€" als for several Indian campaigns, as well as for Egypt and, of course, South Africa, where he was with General Buller on the Tugela. The King of Roumania, for whose Queen the British cherish a genuine affection as “Carmen Sylvia," is Sovereign of the youngest monarchy in Europe. He was :1 grim, hard- fighting soldier before he was per- mitted by the Powers to be a Sov- ereign. He commemorates his origin in a. singular fashion. The crown he weaxs is‘ of solid iron, plain and unadorncd. It was fashioned, by his desire, from a huge cannon which he and his brave Rouumnian troops capâ€" tured from the Turks at Plevna. Unâ€" adorned, heavy, sombre-looking, the crown for which he fought and Won is unique amonf diadems. His beauâ€" tiful Queen. too, wears a crown re- markable for its simplicity and inex- pensiveness. It has not a. jewel in it. but. is just plain beaten gold, which the roughâ€"andâ€"i‘eady gold- smiihs of Bucharest made her twoâ€" nnd-twenty years ago. Dr. Alfred Russel Wallace, of Eng- land, who is nearly eighty-one. made his great name just short of half a century ago, when, as a. young surâ€" geon in the Malay Archipelago, there occurred to him that theory of na- tural selection which also occurred independently to Darwin some years earlier, and to Herbert Spencer car- ller still. It is a noteworthy fact that both Darwin and Wallace have told us that they reached the idea as a. direct result of the reading of Malthus's essay on population. Beâ€" sidcs being a vigorous defender of spiritualism, Dr. Wallace has commit- ted himseli to entire faith in phreno- logy, and is an ardent anti-vaccine.- tor. Until the present year he has never published any work upon asâ€" tronomy. There can be little quesâ€" tion that his last book, with its 880 pages. constitutes one of the most remarkable instances of rapid and exâ€" hausting worli ever achieved by an octogenariap PERSONAL POINTERS Some While very muCh is heard of the success {hut amends mimvlvipal own- ership in English and Scotch cities, very limit: is heard of its failures. 'I‘ie most notable failure in this new method of supplying utilities to the people and of doing public work by public machinery is that. of the great salt. water expeuimcnt which recently ended in economic ( isastcr for several SALT WATER EXPERIMENT coast Lilies in England. It was not long ago that some alert genius in the town of Hastings conceived the (laying and original idea of “hal‘hOF-S‘ ing tl'e ocean" to sprinkle the streets of that. (ity. So simple was the plan and so obvious was its desira- bility that tlc lnuni ipnl fathers of Hastings proceeded without delay to put it into efi'oct. Of course, the ox- ecutiou of tie plan was quite expenâ€" sive. An entire new plant for pump- ing and mailing was necessary. but expense is no object when the public pays the bills, especially wlien the public is vastly benefited by the ex- penditure. And in this case these was manifest a double desirability inasmuch as a. large revenue to the City was clearly in sight. Why not extend the pipe system generally, so that anyone who desired it could have his salt water dip in his own private bathroom? It was an al- ltu‘ing prospects, and the plans went through with a, rush. ADVANTAGES APPARENT. News of the salt water system in Hastings spread rapidly and a numâ€" ber of coast towns took advantage of the example and were presently equipped with pumps and pipes in plenty. Tl‘e system seemed to be the very acme cf desirability and pexlactlibiiity. Numerous advantages ‘not thought of befoce were discover- ‘ed as soon as it was put into actual ‘p'rwmice. Sea salt is known to have (onsiderable antiseptic power. and its presence in all the streets had it most salublious effort on the general hygienic state of the town. This, in connection with the faCt that every- body who could afiord it had private sea water bathing facilities, wrought n. twoâ€"riold good effect on the general health. Again, the salt, being high- ly hygroscopic. or water absorbing, the general humidity was reduced. Still again it was found that as the salt accumulated on tlte surface of the streets it feimcd a hard and neatly lounded roudbed. Lastlyâ€"- and poszibly the most desirable fea- ture 01‘ the entire affairâ€"the revenue to the city from private consumption was vastly larger than even the most urgent, advocates of the plan had looked for. In one word. the system proved itself to be on lunâ€" qualiiicd success, no matter how its most fastidious critic was disposed to look at it. The genius in Hast‘ lugs who originated the idea became quite popular and was praised as a. positive benefactor to his kind. So much for the bright side of the pic- ture. Now tor the dark. SALT, SALT EVERYWHERE. All students of chemistry know that common salt postsesses the proâ€" perty of Celiquo’accme, which is anâ€" other name for the taking up cf waâ€" ter from the air. Salt takes up Waâ€" ter Prom the airâ€"that is, it becomes wet. When there is wery little hu- midity in the air salt remains comâ€" paratively dry; when tl'czc is much water in the air it becomes quite wet. Now upon dry days tire salt on tlze streets oi our English coast towns became dry and was blowu about by the winds. It sottlcd on the goods in shops. worked its way into tlic most. remote cornels of cloth and clothes, settled upon fruits and vegetables, upon carpets and furâ€" niture, and, in short, it did precisely what fine dust will do. But, unâ€" fortunately, it was doliquesceut, and, unlike dust, it took up water from the air and became wet, thereby making havoc of values in almost every kind of commodity upon whi:h it had settled. TEE REMEDY \VAS WORSE THAN THE DISEASE. People of Hastings, England, Thought They Had :1 Pan- acea for Civic Ills. But this was only part 0! the trouble. The flying salt not only ruined the clothes people wore, but it got into eyes and mouths, which is not the most pleasant thing im- aginable by any means. It, (lung to the wheels of carriages. destroying the paint, tholeon, and was dashed wet. against the bodies of the carâ€" liage<, eating away the varnish and tle color there. It formed crystal- line laycis on boots and shoes and rin'l'ined to be removed even wixh tl‘e line layers on boots and shoes and damned to be removed even with the aid of spatulas and Ruins. And if; no more could be swid of it, it was‘ by this time preceived to be a. posi- tive public nuisance. 'Alas 1 Not half has been said of it yet. For this omnipresent and pos- l'it’erous salt, not content with work- ing above ground, must needs carry on its deprodat'lons in the dark and underground. For it, was found that it. corroded the pipes through which ‘it was distributed, canning leaks wvlthout number and Without Warning of when and where trey were about to occur. Families awoke to find their houses deluged with sea water. People could not sit down to a meal without dread of interruption from a gusbet of the salubrlous sea, where as the sudden bursting of large street, mains was the occasion of sev- eral deaths before relief could be had from headquarters. NUTS FOR PESSIMISTS. Now the worst oi- pessimisté- room not ask for more in the quantity and . quality of t‘is public curse. Ami yet tlte tale is not all told. There was yet another and m life-dwtroying ef- fect flrom the salt water system which, if it did not kill men, at least killed much that was very dear to menâ€"namely tl-clr trees and shrub- bory. The leakage from the [lives seeped through tale cmth, and ab- tacking the roots of vegetation des« troycd all tltc gmencn’ in these salt- cursed crlteics of tle English coast. Cruse, flowers, trees, fixes. all plants that. drew their nourishment from the wet. earth were fed upon salt solution, wilted, droopcd and died‘ All those effects were felt simultunr comely. 'I‘ltey (lid not occur pl‘ozlw ly one after the other. A little timn was requiu ed for the salt to permeate above uml below ground, to a. rm mmblo extent before it began to make itself the most conspicuous fact in the life of these communlties. Its [)nll fell all at once. It was a long time coming, but it came. it, cov. ered everybody and made everybody perimtly miserable in mind and body. And as nobody in particular could make a. fortune out of it. it was forthwith lifted and put away forevor‘ '1‘! 0 salt water sysmm has been the mom. disastro'zs experiment tried by Ute munitipul ownershipâ€"governed towns of England and the suggestion has been made that these town: would have been in a pretty fix had they given a. twentyâ€"fiveâ€"year fran‘ chise to a. London company to sup- ply them with the blessings 04 "mean: water harnessed to you! hand." The average baby is a. good baby â€"cheerful, smiling and bright. When he is cross and iretful it is because he is unwell and he is taking the only means he has to let everybody know he does not feel right. When baby is cross, restless and sleepless don't dose him with “soothing” stuffs which always contain poisons. Baby's Own Tablets are what in needed to put the little one right. Give a. cross baby an occasional tablet and see how quickly he will be transformed into a bright, smih ing. cooing, happy child. He will sleep at night, and the mother will get her rest too. You haveaguam antee that Baby's Own Tablets con- tain not one particle of opiate 01 harmful drug. In all the minor ail. ments from birth up to ten or tWelve years there is nothing to equal thl "l‘ablets. Mrs. W. B. Anderson, Gou‘ ‘lais River, Ont.. says: "My little boy was very cross and frotful and We got no rest with him until WI began using Baby’s Own Tablets. Since then baby rests well and he in now a. fat, healthy boy." You can get the Tablets from any druggist, or they will be sent by mail at 25 cents a. box by Writing direct to the Dr. Williams' Medicint Co,, Brockvillc, Ont. Books Printed Since the Inventiot of Printing. Paul Otlet. the secretary of tha Brussels Internagional Bibliographh cal Institute. estimates the mum-be! of printed books since the invention of printing to January, 1900, al 12,163,000 separate works. and tht number of periodicals at between M teen and eighteen millions. For the following years Otlm adopts 200,000 as a. yearly average This seems rather high, and the fig ures of this table, which would makl 150,000 a year a good average, seem more reliable: 1436-1530 .................. 42,000 1536-1636 575,000 1636-1736 ................... 1,225,000 17364822 ................. 1,839,000 1822-1887 .. . ........... 0,500,000 1887â€"1898 ................... 1,782,000 1899 .................... 150,003 1900 .. 150,000 1901 150,000 1902 150,000 1903 150,000 Total ...................... 12,713,000 To the your 1904, therefore, urn Ward of 12,500,000 separate werkl have appeared in the world. which figures, however, include new editions and translations. In point of number of output, Ger- many and humanâ€"Austria, collec‘ tivoly‘ yearly load the world. Then follow France, Italy, EngLand, the United States and the Netherlands. Germany leads the world in book production, and the United States the World in the production of peri< odical literature. “And,” said the rising young poli- tician as he reached his eloqucut per- oration, “I predict that our candl- date will, when the votes .are count/- ed, be found to have ridden to suc- cess upon a tidal wave of glory that. will have swept. all before it like wild-fire breaking in flying spray upâ€" on the strand where the sun of vio- tory shall blaze forth its first chul- gent rays upon the close of one of. the most noble, most memorable campaigns that have ever been launched upon the sea of politics to gather strength and carry all before iit like the cyclone sweeping across lthe broad prairies from which even the orb of day lias disappeared in terror." A woman may cure her husband oi the tobacco habit by purchlsing hil cigars {or him AN ELOQUENT PERORATION Tm; AVERAGE LITERARY PR ODUCTION. BABY her husband 01 42,000 575,000 225,000 839,000 500,000 782,000 15000:) 150.000 150,000 150,000 150,000