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The Diamond Jubilee Of The Confederation of Canada. Happily in the history of Canada in 1866 the clouds that had overshad- owed the political horizon began to Clear, and at the end, of the year the Delegates from Upper and Lower Canada, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia met in London, England on December 4, 1866, and held numerous conferences, finally drafting the re- vised Quebec Resolutions in to a Bill. It is only right and fair to say here, that during these 'very important days the British Goverment took the keenest interest in the deliberations and rendered everypossible help to the Delegates; at the same time re- fraining from interfering in the least with the freedom and rights of the Delegates to shape the destiny of their own country. At last, after years of toil and dis- cussion, the final draft was made rea- dy, signed, sealed, and delivered to the British House of Commons, where on March the 29th, 1867, the Imperial Parliament passed the British North America Act. On July lst, '1867, it came into force, and on that date the four provinces of Upper Canada, Lo- wer Canada, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick became, by Royal Proc- lamation, THE DOMINION OE CANâ€" lamation, THE DOMINION 0E CAN- ADA, with Ottawa as the Capital, and Confederation an accomplished fact. Such a huge undertaking as Con- federation could hardly be accom- plished without some little misunder- standings and unforseen difficulties The transfer of the Hudson's‘Bay Company’s territories to the new Dominion, in 1868, indirectly led to the North-West Rebellion of 1870; but on July 15, of the same year, the transfer became effective and Mani- toba, the 5th Province to enter, was admitted to the Confederation's fam- ily. . .. .- V “glek “J Owing to the dissatisfaction which the people of Nova Scotia at first felt for the terms of Confederation, some of her leading statesmen sought to repeal her inclusion in the Union, but eventually better counsels pre- vailed. On July the lst, 1873, Prince Edward Island, the smallest of the Colonies of British North America expressed willingness to join the growing family of the Dominion, and amid great rejoicings “The Garden of the Gulf” was added to the rest of Canada. It is very interesting to nnm how: that onlv a few months ago Canada. It is very interesting EO‘ note here that only a few months ago i most of the difficulties and disappointâ€" ments under which the Maritime Pro- vin’ces have been laboring ’for years, were finally settled by the awards of the Federal Government, acting on the findings and recommendations of the Duncan Royal Commission. On July‘the 20th, 1871, the fur-away Pacific Colony of British Columbia agreed to enter Confederation, upon the Federal Government at Ottawa undertaking to link up that Province to the Eastern parts of the ‘Dominion by some means of transportation. At first only a wagon-road was contem- plated but this was changed to a rail- road, much to the satisfaction of the Pacific Coast people, and eventually the great Canadian Pacific Railway was organized, and, after many un- avoidable and unforseen delays. the 3,000-mile iron road was completed, and on June 28, 1886, the first through linked I together vvbv-â€"-__. When, in 1870, the Province of Manitoba Waslcreated, the remainder of the vast prairie lands that had been acquired by the Dominion from the Hudson’s Bay Company were for- med into the North-West Territories; and in 1882 the provisional districts of Assiniboia, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and Athabaska were established. In 1897, a certain measure of responsi- ble self-government was granted to these districts, and in 1905 the Dom- inion Government created out of these four districts the two provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan. These two new Provinces officially took their places with the seven older provinces making a continuous Dominion from the Atlantic to the Pacific. train from Montreal to Vancouver Ill/1912, a still further‘extension of boundaries for Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec was agreed on, inorder that they might conform more closely to the territories of Alberta and Sas- katchewan. Canadian Territory North of the 60th parallel has, for adminis- trative purposesx'been formed into the Territories of Yukon, MacKenxie, Kee- Watin and Franklin, the latter district extending into and including the Is- lands of the Arctic Ocean. This is the Canada of the present day. exten- ding from ocean to ocean, even unto the waters of the Polar sea. Little wonder, then, that we are so proud of so fond 01, so J of ours! This then, is the remarkable of our great D of our great Domimon have only been able to ing, the very outlines 0. subject. It is a story “ The Story of Canada ” Specially Prepared by Norman R. Cole (Uncle Dick) for our Boy and Girl Readers. THURSDAY, JU Eastern and Western Canada :o and inclu Arctic Oce f the presen :ean .to ocea ‘f the Polar ‘ that we an 3 jealous of, the story, in ‘nception an nd dis- de rea- ‘red to an immens hrill th in: I] a mind of the most unimaginative, and to fill with pride the heart of every true citizen of Canada. Dwarfing all other movements of a like nature, (filercoming difi'iculties thought to be impossible, the “Fathers of Confeder- ation,” by their patience, courage,‘con- stancy, self sacrifice and patriotism, achieved results of which we do not even now see the limit. Beyond the expectations of even the greatest of the Statesman of 1867, Canada has expanded and prospered until, in this year of Grace, 1927, her commerce, her shipping, her manufac- tures, her discoveries, and the fame of the valour of her Sons has penetrated to the very ends of the earth i l l C-A-N-A-D-A- is a name to set the ‘ blood tingling in the veins‘ of the most distant peoples, and the beauty and greatness of the Dominion has been acknowledged, even in the anc- ient haunts of 'beauty of the Old World. From every quarter of the Globe, men and women flock to Canada to view the grandeur of the Rocky Moun- tains and the beauteous Lakes of Banfl’, Alberta. Every winter the sports of Canada attract the atten- tion and presence of thousands of tourists, and in summertime the hunt- er and the fisherman find in Canada their greatest joy. Yes, yes, we have a country second to none in the world and not all the words in the English language can tell the full story of Canada’s beauty and Canada’s mag- nificence. At the time of Confedertion, the land area of Canada was something like 338,224 square miles. Since that time, the incoming of other provinc- es and the results of exploration have increased the area of Canada so ex tensively that‘to-day the Dominion covers more than 3,500,000 square milâ€" es, figures that very few, if any, of us can really understand or apprecâ€" iate. And this does not take into ac- count the vast water areas of Canada of which there are some 143,000 square miles! .1 In the matter of population, the growth of the Dominion is none the less remarkable. To Canada belongs the honor of having taken the first census of modern times, namely,‘,‘1665 and at that time the little colony of New France showed. a population of but 3,215 people. One hundred years later this was. increased to about 70,000; and the Maritime another 20,000, making a total of some 90,000 inhabitants. The first regular mnsus was taken in 1851 under the new Census Act, and revealed a population of something like 2,384,919", While for the Confederation year of 18677 the estimated population of Canada was 3,327,000. Since that date the population of the Dominion has gone ahead by leaps and bounds, and to-day it is calculatâ€" ed that the Dominion of Canada conâ€" tains no less than 9,519,520 men. wo- men and children. This is auite nice little family that the celehr‘wf “Fathers of Confederation” would he very proud of could they but wakr and see their successors to-day. And While all these citizens are 1101 millionaires, though many of them are Canadians as a people are worth the staggering total of 22,195,30?.443 dolâ€" lars, or over 2,500 dollars for oacl person in Canada. I do hope you W'l‘ be careful not to spend your little forâ€" tune too quickly. It would be useless for me to tell you of all the millions and millions of dollars that the trade of Canada amounts to every year, for the figures are too vast and too bewildering for me to think of, let alone make‘it clear to you in this Chat. To those of you who love' statistics, and thirst for who love' statistics, and thirst for knowledge, I would suggest that you obtain a copy of the book, “Sixty Years of Progress,” issued by the Bur- eau of Statistics, Ottawa. Therein you will find all the figures you need to make clear the astonishing amount of Canada’s tradeâ€"an Canada’s pro- gress since Confederation. As we have already noticed in a previous part of our Chat, the matter of transportation was one of the chief problems of Confederation. Even with a country now so vast and so wide it is almost impossible to imagâ€" ine that Canada contains over 40,000 miles of railroad at the present time, to say nothing of the thousands of miles of water travel on the 1.500 mil- miles ( the Grea adequate means ( xclusive ances t II 00 trans are ye 1ke auto miles the S nume arly covere These figur overwhelmin with neces roadwpy trified ads )C yet H up i1- he 1‘8 Never before in the history of the world was there greater opportunity offered young people, both men and women to start life in more favorable conditions than in the Canada of the present day. The foundations of this great Dominion were so truly laid that we have but to amplify and conâ€" tinue what was started in the historic year 1867. To-day, Canada has some of the finest buildings in the world; one of the largest railway bridges ever erected; the greatest nickel and asbestos deposits; the finest Carillon of bells ever cast; the best of apples, and the finest wheat, the choicest of poultry and the greatest grain ex- porting trade in the world. Canada constitutes one-third of the area of the British Empire, and con- tains one of the largest gold mines. She has the largest forest resources of the Empire, and the greatest am- ount of agricultural land open and waiting for the settler, with an assur- ed market for all his products. Canada’s scenicV beauties, and her moflern cities, are the wonder of every traveller Who sees, for the first time, these contrasts side by side. To be able to step out of an up-toâ€"date ho- telâ€"I was almost going to say Cityâ€" with all the latest electrical conven- iences, ‘ 1120 View of the wild and rug- ged beauty of Mount Robson or Mount Edith Cavell, or the shimmering glory of Lake Louise, is an experience possible in no other country on earth, ‘â€"â€"the latest,\v.orks of man and the surpassing wonders of Natureâ€"side by side. V I-leruniversities, her educational ins’titfitions, her electrical develop- ments, her manufacturing plants, her ‘n‘a‘tfiral resources and potential wealth aye, and her Christian homes, place Canada in the forefront of the Nations Q? the world, and so long as her Citiz- ensâ€"young and oldâ€"keep ever in ‘wie'w the memories of the glorious mast, and a VISION of a more glor- Sous future, this fair Dominion will grow from strength to strength, until all the world will be compelled to ac- knowledge the greatnese :and the pre- eminence of this Nation whose 60th Birthday we keep this happy year, :and to pay tribute to those men of courage‘and foresight whom we are proud to call the “Fathers of Confed- eration." And what words of mine are fit- ting or good enough to tell of the Valiant parts that have so heroically been played by the Soldierâ€"Sons of our land in the defence of Canada amd the Empire on this continent, and in South Africa. Ten years ego in France and Belgium during the THE LIBERAL. RICHMOND HILL. ONT. Hewitt Barnard \ScCYJ W. H. Stocvcs 1‘ Edward Whalcn George Colts deavor. Think of the thousands up- on thousands of Canadians, heroic and unselfish, who have blazed the trail â€"for YOUâ€"across the mighty reach- es of this Dominion of Ours! Look well to the deeds and lives of those hardy Pioneers who opened up the tractless regions of the far West and North; and take heart, 0 Sons and Daughters of Canada from their unJ selfish examples, and strive, with all your great'talents and with all your might, to emulate their heroic deeds! Freedom! bought by conflicts gory, Passed from Father on to Son, Come to us all wreathed in glory, Crowned with peace our Sires have won. Let us then be up and guarding This, Our Birthrightâ€"LIBERTY! With high purpose none retarding, Great in name and Charity! Tille‘ MEMBERS OF .THE QUEBEC CONFERENCE, OCTOBER, 1864 Home of Minister of the Dominion to the United States, Hon. Vincent Massey. The evening of the legation is one of the marks of Canada’s progress John A. Maodonald Adam: G. Archibald Geog: E. Cartier THE FATHERS OF CONFEDERATION ,ex Campbell opening of the_ legation is one of the marks of _Can 1n the Jubllee year of Confederatlon. CANADA IN WASHINGTON WeedS-ua menace The Dépagtment‘ 9f Agriculture HON. JOHN S. MARTIN Neglect is the friend of weeds. Neglect is responsible for the alarming spread of this pest in Ontario. Weeds now take an annual toll of .at least five million dollars out of the wealth of the province. George Brown The Department of Agriculture asks for united, rctive co-operation to exterminate weeds on every farm, highway, lane and waste space in town and country. Destroy weeds wherever found, as often as necessary to prevent their going to seed. Write for bulletin No. 188, “Weeds of Ontario”. Under the provisions of The Weed Con- trol Act 1927, now in force, the destruc- tion of noxious weeds is no longer option- al. The destruction of noxious weeds is now compulsory. Every occupant of land and every owner of unoccupied land is required to destroy all noxious weeds before their seeds ripen. Municipal councils are required to destroy all noxious weeds growing upon the high- ways. Let everyone co-operate to end the weed nuisance. M inia ter Province of Ontario Parliament Buildings, Toronto WARNING Oliver Mow u’X ‘ONTARIO R. B. Dick: :hell Charles Tuppcr W. B. ROADHOUSE PAGE SEVEN Deputy Minister Thomas D‘Arcy Md acdona J. M. Johnson