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In normal times there would be no demand for such a system and there are undoubtedly many good arguments in opposition to it. It may be successfully argued that the work can be done more economically by' trucks or by con- tract, but that does not alter the most important fact, that the farmers and others in this time of depression find it hard, almost impossible to pay to have the work done. If farmers were given more opportunity to work out at least a portion of their municipal taxes it would be a big help. r-_ .v The council of the township of Bentinck has adopted this plan. The clerk is to prepare a statement of each assessment, and this will be given to the patrolmen to serve as a guide in dividing the Work. The great objec- tion to the present road system, as compared with statute labor, is that a comparatively small number of ratepayers get most of the work and money. If times were good, many of the farmers wouldn’t “give a hang” whether they got any roadwork or not, as they could make good money by working their farms. Things are different nowadays. Bentinck’s solution of the problem seems eminently fair and just. DIVIDE ROADWORK ACCORDING TO ASSESSMENT The suggestion has often been made that taxation should be determined by the ability of the ratepayer to pay taxes. Now we have the suggestion made in various sections of Ontario that roadwork should be given to the farmers and to others able to work on the roads in pro- portion to their assessment. -.. .. . . - . 1 The community that prospers is always a friendly community. Toâ€"day the world is seeking out such places. There is so much of travail and harshness in the every- day affairs of life that friendly havens beckon from afar. If you want your home town to be prosperous, to be known as a friendly spot, then you be friendly, too. It is a good message to carry with you during the yearâ€"and it pays big dividends in happiness and prosperity. THE FRIENDLY STREET That little street is right in your own home town. If you make it a friendly street outsiders will want to come and share it with you. They will sense the glow of friendâ€" ly contact and wish to linger long Within its warmth. And a friendly street is so easy to obtain. Just a kindly atti- tude towards your neighbor and others with whom you divide the care of the day. Just a little human under- standing of what constitutes gentleness and courtesy. That’s all you need to make a street where old friends want to meet. 7 r u Amazing New Beauty for Your Home “1A., -u -- auu a. oyauc, Juu nuv n uuuv “run”: -v It is very easy to do the bar work of planting a garden plot in the early spring when everyone is full of vim and vigor, and yes, how easy it is to-neglect that plot and let the weeds flourish when the sun gets high and hot along in June and July. It is then the real test comes and the real garden lover is revealed. However that is some weeks away, so now let’s enjoy the thrill of gardening. DUBALITII Textured Walls Give ‘ Luxurious Charm at Little Cost a vw-. “Gardening Time" is when spring officially begins. When you see householders out in the yard with a rake and a. spade, you know that spring reglly is. here. year. GARDENING TIME Have you done anything to the garden yet? This is the popular question these days. With the first tinge of spring weather there comes an anxiety to close to Mother Earth and putter around in the garden. Heads of muniâ€" cipalities all over Ontario are urging those who have been on relief during the past winter not to miss the opportunity of planting a garden in preparation for next Winter’s needs. This is timely advice and should be heeded by everyone. An ample supply of vegetables is a valuable asset in com- batting the depression and in meeting the emergency of unemployment. Yes, by all means, plant a garden this ELGIN MILLS HAROLD REID’S SERVICE STATION CASTROL OIL Established 1878 AN INDEPENDENT WEEKLY PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY AT RICHMOND HILL THE LIBERAL PRINTING C0., LTD. J. Eachern Smith, Manager Member Canadian Weekly Newspaper Association Subscription $1.50 per year -â€" To the United States $2.00 Covering Canada’s Best Suburban District. Advertising Rate-s on Application. TELhr’HONE 9 PAGE TWO We are exclusive representatives in this district for the Famous Castro] MOTOR OIL. It pars to use the Best. Call here for your next chmge of oil and be assured of good service and quality products. Sieberling Tires THURSDAY, APRIL 20th, 1933 GENERAL GARAGE SERVICE THE change will amaze you! You never dreamed that your home could be so beautiful. Even the shabbiest of walls are magically transformed with DURALITH, the wonder-working plastic paint. All kinds of artistic effects are possibleâ€"â€" colch stipples and texturesâ€"easily, quickly, inexpensively. Come in and see! THE LIBERAL Motor Accessories PHONE YARD IO -~. ID _-;:.V 85-J Wow}? mBuntMQueym i-RESIDENCE I 2/ Gan and Oil ONTARIO In the years immediately following the war. the outstanding features of our political life was the multipli- cation of political groups. In the general elections of 1919 (Ontario Provincial) and of 1921 (Federal) in many constituencies threeâ€"and in some instances, five. and even sixâ€" candidates contested the elections; with the result that in these multi- candidated constituencies, the one declared elected frequently repre- sented only an insignificant proporâ€" tion of the electorate. Certainly in one instance the “representative” rep- resented, only 13.67% of the regis- tered electors. Such a result makes representative government little better than the rotten boroughs in Britain, in the pre-Reform Bill days. In the post war years, so seriously was the prestige of Parliament weakened. be- cause of the development of political groups, that serious consideration was given to Proportional Representation as a system well adapted to the new conditions; in 1923 it appeared prob- able that this reform would be adop- ted in Ontario, but owing to the wav- ering of some supporters of the Gov- ernment, the measure was withdrawn, and the tide ebbed. We are toâ€"day expeciencing' a recurrence of con- ditions similar to those of 1919-21; in the next general election we will, in many constituencies, have a hotch-‘ ratch of candidates, and in the next Parliament, we will probably have the spectacle of members representing‘ only shreds and patches of the elec- torate, yet fulfilling the duties of a “representative.” Under Proportion- al Representation no candidate could be declared elected who had not re- ceived such a proportion of the total vote polled that his right to speak with authority as a representative from his constituency could not be challenged; moreover, practically every voter would be able to point to some member of Parliament as the member for whom he had voted, and who would therefore be his'represenâ€" tative, whereasâ€"under the system now in forceâ€"the electors constitut- ing the minority in each constituency, are not only not represented in Par- liamentâ€"they are mis-represented. Can there be any doubt asâ€"to which system is most conducive to that confidence and contentment which are the strength of the nation? Surely if there is any remedy for the mani- fest imperfections of our electoral practices that remedy should be adopted. Let it be noted that the foregoing phases of the problems which are exercising the though? of our public men are the result of our single mem- ber constituency basis of represen- tation. Let us now consider our electqral problems from another angle. While representative government ‘presupposes that all citizens have the right of votingâ€"and should exercise their rightâ€"yet, it is possible that a citizen may find himself unable to vote confidence in either of two can- didates; must he then. be compelled to express a confidence that is not real? If the state expects the cit- izen to vote; the citizen has the right to demand an opportunity of voting honestly, or, failing- that, of refrain- ing‘ unfortunately, with single mem- ber constituencies as the basis of our representative government, it some- times happens that the only honest course open to the elector is to not vote. In addition to those electors who have a purpose in not voting, there are many electors who are alive to public questions, but who, because of local conditions are indifferent about voting. In a large proportion of our constituencies, the result can be certainly foretold, even before the candidates are in the field: in those constituencies many electors who would vote (were they residents of a close constituency) excuse themselves, upon the ground that their voting is useless. The assumption that non- use of the franchise, can only mean indifference on the part of the elector, can not be justified by facts. John H. Humphreys, J.P., Secre- tary of The Proportional Represenâ€" tation Society, of London, England, has published a comparative analysis of the results of the last British gen- eral election, held in 1931; and of the Irish Free State elections, recently held, imdler Proportional Represen- tation; the comparison is enlightening. According to Mr. Humphreys’ analâ€" ysis:â€"in the British election, for every 29,000 votes cast throughout the country, for National Govern- ment candidates, a Government sup- porter took his seat in Parliament, While it required, on the basis of the vote cast throughout the country, an average of 144,000 Laborite votes for every Labor Partv member elected. In other words the vote of 1 National Government supporter was worth 4.91 votes cast by a Labor supporter. Such a result makes mockery of rep- resentative government. phraseology, descriptive of the situa- tion, as he sees it. vet it is undeniable that the words accurately describe what has been done under past reâ€" distributions. In addition to plans for safe seats and for hiving electors (if such is the case) we know that com- pulsory voting is receiving serious consideration. Of the three sugges- tions, not one is consistent with rep- resentative government, since each involves arbitrary interference with the exercise of the franchise; that this is true of the first two suggesâ€" tions, requires no argument: compul- sorv voting is more plausible. the 1): create ment, “hivec Compare this result with the r: su‘u in the Irish election, where, accord» ing to Mr. Humphreys;â€"De Valera’s supporters, in the Dail, represent on the average, 9,378 voters, while Cos- g'rave’s supporters, represent, on the average 9,588 voters: an inequality of only 210 votes, as compared with an inequality of 115,000 votes in the REDISTRIBUTION AND ELEC- TORAL REFORM and " in a porter LETTERS FROM THE PEOPLE member of Parlia- Liberals will be ain area. Doubtless responsible for the riptive of the situa- vet it is undeniable ,accurately describe THE LIBERAL, RICHMOND HILL, ONTARIO Under Proportional Representation, there can be no “safe seats" made for any man, by legislation; on the other hand men who are of leadership calibre, would be assured of their place in Parliament; the country would ,be saved the loss that has frequently occurred from local conditions forc- ‘ing' a great man out of public life; it ,would also be impossible to “hive” the ‘supporters of any political party; finally. with the removel of the han- dicaps which we have been discussing, electors would discover that no matter what the immediately local conditions might be, their votes would be worth their actual face value in determining the result of an election, sham battles would become matters of history; in- terest in elections would be uniform throughout the country, and the de- sirability of compulsion of voters would be forgotten. Three quarters of a century has passed since Hare published his theo- ries concerning Proportional Repre- sentation; from the day of publica- tion, to the present, many of the keen- est minded publicists have been warm advocates of the reform; more than a score of countries have adopted it, in part, or Wholly; aeain and again it has proved its efficiency. yet it must be admitted, its adoption has made slow progress. WHY? Of his own experience, the writer can testify that it is ‘comparatively easy to win the sympathetic interest of ordinary citizens, when presenting the case for P.R., but if there happens to be in the audience a member of Parliament, from him hostile criti- cism may be expected. With all due respect, let it be said that some of our members of Parliament believe they have a “vested interest” in their constituency, and that the system which has placed them in Parliament should not be touched. On one occa- sion one of these gentlemen was very frank in stating his position' he said: â€"â€"“I suppose Proportional Represen- tation would be all right, but I can easily see how it might be the death of me politically.” We cannot have P.R. until our‘ members of Parliament are ready to legislate for its adoption, and unâ€" doubtedlv the vested interest attitude on the hart of members of Parlia- ment is the greatest obstacle to be overcome, before the reform can be won. The task is not a hopeless one, yet until the friends of RR. become active in pressing their cause, the chance of RR. becoming the law of this land is slight indeed. In the past, parliamentary and elec- toral reforms have been the result of pressure from without Parliament, rather than of leadership from withâ€" in, and so it will be in the futureâ€", but under our representative system (imperfect though it is) our parlia- mentaries are responsive to public sentiment, when strongly and persis- tently expressed: let the friends of Proportional Representation act accor- dingly. April 11, 1933 R. R. Unionville, Ont. In the light of the foregoing com- parison, it is evident that Propor- tional Representation, surpasses our present system of election, as com- pletely, as does the modern rifle, in efficiencv, surpass the ancient blun- derbuss. Butcherâ€"Excuse me, madam, but you haven’t yet paid me for the tur- key you had at Christmas.” the tion Customerâ€"No, my husband sprain- ed his wrist so badly carving it that he hasn’t been able to write out your cheque yet. British election. The merits of the issues at stake in the Irish election, do not concern us, at the moment, what does concern us is the accuracy of Proportional Reoresentation, as a method by which the wishes of the electors will be reflected in the perâ€" sonnel of Parliament; certainly the Irish obtained a Parliament truly repâ€" resentative of the wishes of the Thought “A single grateful thought towards heaven is the most perfect prayer.” â€"Lessing. “Growing thought makes growing revelation.” Res. 82-W PHONES Mill 139-M “The value of a thought cannot be told.” SEED GRAIN Don’t wait for the rush to get your seed cleaned. Our Government cleaner is working better than ever. from Certified seed. WE ARE MANUFACTURING all of our own poultry mashes. A1 qual- ity rock bottom prices. Paying best prices for wheat and ters WE HAVE BANNER OATS grown THE MILL 21 of Parliament; certainly the obtained a Parliament truly repâ€" tative of the wishes of the s, and is not this supposed to be upreme objective in every elec- WHOSE FAULT ALEX. D. BRUCE â€"George Eliot â€"Bailey A focus of infection may be defined as a diseased or abnormal condition situated somewhere in the body from which may arise infections in other structures or organs of the body. An individual, for instance, has an ab- scessed tooth which, unless extracted or otherwise adequately treated, is capable of producing complications, often with far-reaching and devas- tating effects. In such a case, a severe kidney infection or a crippling arthritis may follow the neglect or delay in obtaining- skilled advice on what may appear to be a trifling matter. Or again, the frequently discussed and more frequently neglec- ted tonsils and adenoids may be and often are responsible for the immed- iate and. remote affections of the heart and kidneys. The possibilities are many, and scarcely a day passes that one does not hear of the neglect of some “trifling infection,” which, in so many cases, has resulted in a prolonged illness or chronic invalid- ism, or which has even had a fatal termination. The transference of infection from point to point in'the body is largely the work of the lymphatics and the blood stream. It is possible, then, for a small and often obscure infecâ€" tion to be thus transferred through- out the body, to organs and essential structures whose delicate mechanisms and normal functions are disorgan- ized by this additional strain. On all the organs in the body, the heart and kidneys are the most vul- nerable to focal infections. While infected tonsils may not, of them- selves, cause bodily discomfort, or while the abs0essed tooth may only occasionally give rise to a twinge of pain, there is no guarantees that such conditions are not insidiously under- mining the resistance of the body, sooner or later to declare open war- fare on a delicate part of some vital organ. Questions concerning Health, ad- dressed to the Canadian Medical As- sociation, 184 College Street, Toronto, will be answered personally by letter. Diseases of the heart and kidneys rank high in the list of causes of death. The problem of disability and definite shortening of life from dis- eases of these organs is, in large mea- sure, the problem of eradicating focal infections. Although teeth and ton- sils are here stressed as parts Where foci of infection exists, there are other less productive sources perhaps which the physician has in mind in the periodic health examination of his clients. Your HardwareRequirements Are best taken care of at this store Good Used Coal Oil Stove for Sale H. P. Trowell, Hardware THE CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION AND LIFEIII: INSURANCE COMPANIES IN CANADA (SUCCESSOR TO C. N. COOPER) We Give Prompt Delivery I Richmond Mgchine Shop Dress Up For Spring GENERAL MACHINERY REPAIRS, BOILERS LAWN MOWERS AND BINDER KNIVES GROUND GUNSMITHING FOCAL INFECTIONS TELEPHONE 49-J Richmond Hill CLEANING AND PRESSING ALWAYS RECEIVES OUR PROMPT ATTENTION SPRING IS HERE, AND WE ARE READY TO SUPPLY YOU WITH THAT NEW SUIT OR TOP COAT. STOVES and ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT M53130 RICHMOND TAILORS Goods Called For And Delivel A COMPLETE STOCK AT THE BEST PRICES Rear 81 Yonge Street J. A. Greene, THURSDAY, APRIL 20th, 1933 ST. MARY’S CHURCH RICHMOND HILL Ist Sunday after Easter Apr. 23, 1933 8 a.m.â€"-H01y Communion. Maple, Ont. SEED GRAIN VELVET BARLEY IS A POPULAR BRAND WHICH HAS PROVEN The Elevator LD. RAMER & SON â€"-FINEST QUALITY SEEDâ€" GOOSE WHEAT, OATS, BARLEY CLOVER, TIMOTHY AND ALFALFA ALL KINDS OF HARNESS AND HARNESS REPAIRS. SEVERAL GOOD USED LONG STRAW COLLARS IN STOCK. COLLA'R REPAIRING AND FITTING A SPECIALTY. a.m.â€"Mormng Era; Preacherâ€"Rev. C. P p.m.â€"Sunday School p.m.â€"â€"Evening Praye Preacherâ€"The Rectc Evening Service Telephone Maple (11/; miles North of HARNESS ISAAC BAKER Richmond Hill ASK US FOR PRICES Mornin T0 YIELD WELL vening‘ Prayer râ€"The Rector Fireside Hour RESIDENCE 4'9-W Ontario Phone 93 ?rayer Muir} R. R. No. 2 1063 Concord)