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President Roosevelt called the attention of the people of the world who listened to him in one of his recent radio talks, to the essential and unchang'eable difference between democracy and the totalitarian forms of government, whe-‘ ther those are called Communism, Fascism or Nazism.‘ ' That difference, reduced to the simplest terms is that democracy alone of all of them is founded upon religion.‘ If that is not instantly clear, consider it for a moment. ' We who believe in religion believe that all men are“ equal in the sight of God and that every human soul is‘ capable of choice, of reason, of developing and perfecting himself in the image of the Divine ideal. On that belief was our democracy founded, and in that belief it must per-‘ ’ l sist, or it will perish. ,, _ h I t I 1 l , ' fl 1 1‘ Al “LUV, u. . v- ..... The philosophy of Communism is that man is the‘ product of economic forces. The Nazi doctrine is that‘ the only people entitled to exist in the state are those of' a particular blood strain. ' u .- 1 :IA,__A'I___ LLAA wlha\l u. v.vu.. ..,y-v.___ “ y W . Totally different is the democratic philosophy that every human being partakes in some measure of Divinity and that the goal of his life, is not to live and labor and' die under the lash of authority, but to strive for self: perfection. ‘ In a society so organized on the democratic philosod phy, the final authority, is the moral principles based upon' the Ten Commandments and the Golden Rule in which‘ Jesus summarized the law and the teaching of the pro-' phets. As someone has said, men must be governed by God or they will be governed by tyrants. m , I It is no wonder that in nations such as Germany,‘ Japan, Italy and Russia, where the exactly opnosite View rules, official spokesmen denounce such speeches as that of the U. S. President as significant of hostility to them-‘ selves. One thing Canada is not hostile to the people of any nation in the world. But many of our citizens are definJ itely hostile to the ideas and principles upon which many nations are beingr governed today, and to the false proâ€"' phets who have led their people into subservience. ‘ A HOPEFUL RECORD There were 135 fewer deaths in automobile accidents, 607 fewer cases of injury, and 451 fewer accidents last year than there were in 1937, although there were 38,563 more passenger cars and 5,944 more trucks registered in‘ Ontario, and, probably, more Visiting .ears. Ullbal AU, auu, pl VI)(tU1J, luv; g, v “guano ..... Publication of these statistics with such commend-' able earliness after the close of the year calls for a tribute to the Highways Department for an intelligent digestion‘ and use of statistics. The figures themselves also call for more serious and‘ extensive praise to the department for its very aggress-’ ive safety campaign, and for its efforts to remove some’ geographical dangers by improvement of highways. ‘ There have been, of course, other factors, and one of them is the attention that has been paid to education" in safety by the newspapers, a campaign in which this newspaper can say with pride it has had a share for sev- eral years. ' - ‘ . -. .. .-. 1 . ‘1 The results of safety education throughout the prov- ince are very gratifying. But the drivers themselves also merit congratulation. for not all the warnings in the world are any/use unless people p_ay attention to them. ‘ n 2116 any uoc ulucao yuvyn. [Jug u u u v . s u A v A A v V u . . v . . . . Yet another factor, undoubtedly. in the reduction of the death and injury toll has been the stiffening of pen: alties throughout the province in cases of criminal negliJ genre. av.“ v. But it would be a poor and unmerited compliment to motorists in general if this were cited as one of the‘ major factors, important results thouth it may be brought! DODGERS ‘ The efficacy of the dodger or handbill as an advertisJ ing dodge has long been a subject of controversy. There is at least one good feature of the dodger; its disseminaâ€" tion upon doorsteps has been the introduction to employâ€"‘ ment of many boys who have later become men with door: steps of their own. All through their lives, these men who“ were boys maintain a personal interest in dodgers. They are given to feeling the weight and observing the bulk of a single paper and of estimating how many such papers' they could have carried in their prime, at the age of thirJ teen, say. _ ‘ l n' 1 1,,1,,,A_. vvvvv , “wa- Even while trying to peel a wet, limp. sticky dodger from their front doorstep, these men are interested in the‘ dodger, because it is the thing which gave them their start‘ in life, their first pay for work done. If they are men whd have not succeeded in the affairs of the world, they may‘ well hark back to that afternoon in a remote year when“ they hid their bundle of dodgers under a bridge and re-‘ ported to. their employers that they had distributed them‘ all. Such men may well shudder, for it is not given to all‘ to realize at just what point their characters took a turn‘ for the bad. But there may be other men who have suc-‘ ceeded even though they once hid a pile of handbills, and’ these men may be inclined to wonder whether they are not about due for events to catch up to them. At any rate; all old dodger peddlers take an interest in dodgers, even‘ though not to the extreme extent of reading them. ' It is doubtful if very many people save the proof-‘ readers ever bother much about the actual reading matter in a dodger. Certainly few study it after the dodger has‘ been thrown on a stoop and trampled upon by the shoes‘ of those who do not appreciate the money and toil, both' mental and physical, that have gone into the creation and distribution of it. 7 _ ' _- . -..‘ 1 Advertising Rates on Application. TELEPHONE 9 THE LIBERAL PRINTING CO., LTD. “any; nun...“ But whatever may be said for and against the dodger in general, there is one type of its distribution that merits‘ and thoroughly gains the outraged indignation and active hatred of all who become its victims. ' It is a practice of the police in many municipalities to note the length of time consumed by the automobiles in waiting at the curbs for their masters. The policeman: strolling by with his chalk, also notes such features in the‘ vicinity of the waiting automobile as hydrants, alleys and‘ the like. Now, it is a well known fact that almost all mot-’ orists return to their parked cars with a sense of guilt heavy upon them. They have nearly always overstayed‘ their allotted time, or there may be a hydrant that they have failed to notice. In any event, it will be not at all‘ unlikely that they have broken some municipal byâ€"law 01; regulation. Mpmber Canadian Wee)eg Newspaper Association Subscrxption $1.50 per year â€" To the 'United' States $2.00 Covering Canada’s Best Suburban District Established 1878 AN INDEPENDENT WEEKLY PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY AT RICHMOND HILL J. Eachern Smith, Manager PAGE TWO THE RELIGION OF DEMOCRACY E‘HURSDAY, FEBRUARY 23rd, 1939. “THE LIBERAL” Spanish Civil War Cost Million Lives and Over Ten Billion of Dollars The long; cruel and bloody Span- ish Civil War is drawing to a close. General Franco’s insurgent troops have driven the Government forces across the French border, where some 150,000 to 200,000 have sur- rendered their arms. Premier Negrin and many of his» Cabinet are in exile or their whereabouts unkn0wn. De- spite bold stntements from Madrid that the Government troops will conâ€" tinue the struggle, the outlook is that the last zone still unconquered' will surrender in a. few days. Civil wars are usually carried on'; with more bitterness and more sav-I algery than international struggles. and this war which has now raged{ over two and a half years is no ex- ‘ ception. It has cost probably a mill- ion lives and over 10 billion dollars in treasure. Spain has been impov-i erished to an extent that it will take i years to recover. This war, how-i ever, has been more than just a civil struggle, it has been an internation-l al' conflict. Soldiers from nearlyi every portion of the globe have‘ fought in the rival anmies. Some '700 or 800 Canadians, forming what was called‘ the Mackenzie-Papineau regiment. enlisted with the Governâ€" ment troops, while several thousand Americans formed the Lincoln bat- talion. Many Englishmen and advenâ€" turers from all parts of the globe, Who felt that, the Government stood for liberty and freedom, were fight- ing with their troops. In the early part of the war Russia assisted the ;Government forces with fighting planes and aviators. On the side of the insurgents were to be found Italians and Germans, but particularly the former. It was Museolini’s overwhelming- aid to Gen- eral France which led‘ to his final successful drive and the collapse of the opposition in Catalonia. Italian troop-s formed the spearhead of his army, while Italian planes and‘ Ital- THE LIBERAL, RICHMOND HILL. ONTARIO ian tanks overwhelmed: the ill~ equipped forces of the Government. It is nothing short of amazing- hbrw the ministerial forces held out as long as they did. The unsuccessful siege of Madrid will go down in his- tory for its memorable, heroic and stubborn defence. It was the fall of the Province of Catalonia and the great industrial City of Barcnlon’a which led to the final collapsc of the Government. The Catalonians are described as the Irish of Spain. ‘They are descended from native tribes, probably Celtic in origin. They have always wanted their in- dependence. They fought the Cas- tilian regime for many decades/Barâ€" celona has been the seat of many revorluti'Dns and is the home of the Anarchists. However, Ibare hands could not fight against modern me- chanized armies and there was no alternative but surrender. The background» of Spain which led to the present civil war is so in- volved that it is difficult to explain in the brief space of this column. The great Spanish Empire ended in the struggle of South America for freedom in the first half of the last century. Her last foreign colonies of any extent were lost at the time of the Spanishâ€"American War. Spain was reduced to a second rate power. Since then there has continued in one form or another a struggle in outward appearances at least be- tween Liberalism and Absolutism. In the seventies of the last century there was a revolution when a short- lived rep-ulblic was set up. However“ the monarchy was soon restored. The Spanish administration was so feeble that in 192-3 there was esta‘ - lishcd a dictator with the backing f the army. Primo (le Riveriia. King Alfonso was left about the same auâ€" thority as King Emmanuel in Italy. Primo de Riveria went the way of all flesh and Spain again fell into anarchy. Finally an election was held which showed such an over- whelming majority in favor of Re- publicanism that the feeble King A1â€" fonso and his family slipped out of Spain into exile. This was in 1931. A second Spanish Republic was established amidst a fiesta of rejoic- ing. Liberty had at last arrived! A provisional Government of the repu‘ - they are yet a great way off. They crane their necks to see if the law has been at their Windshield and left there a piece of paper signifying that they will lose money or liberty for a misfeasance of some kind. There is worry’ in the heart of a motorist when he approaches his parked“ car. There is blank despair, when he sees a piece of paper stuck in his windshield wiper. And. then, when he finds‘ it is only one of those pesky dodgers there is wild fury in‘ the heart of that motorist. He cries out against this' dodger and against all dodgers and against all the people who think dodgers would ever be likely to sell anything.’ MEN‘OF EVERY NATION TOOK PARTâ€"SPAIN’S FUTURE STILL A QUESTION MARK was. drafted. It was Socialisrt'ic â€"â€" not ‘Cmnmunistic â€" in character but anti-clerical. The Catholic Church was to be separateqr from the state; religious orders were forbidden to engage in teaching or business. Pro- perty was to be expropriated where necessary for social utility, with proâ€" vision for compensation. There was to be a general suffrage on demo- vision for c to he a ge cratic lines The new republic never sat com- fortalbly in the saddle. Some of the extreme measures provided for in the constitution frightened the middle. classes. There was an election in* 1933 in which the middle classes, the ' land-owners and the industrialists supported by the church, won. There ‘ followed a union of all the Leftist parties in a Popular Front; Parlia- ment became deadlocked and to make a long story short, in 1936 there followed another lection. In this election the Rightists carried 143 seats; the Centrist parties 55 and the Popular Front parties 256. Of these only 14 were avowed Commun- ists. On the other hand, of the popâ€" ular vote the Rightist parties had 4,570,000 and the Leftists 4,356,000. This election took place in Februâ€" ary. The new Government faced a situation little short of anarchy. In almost every town and- city there were strikes which brought business almost to a standstill. There were anti-clerical riots and churches deâ€" stroyed. On July 17, newspapers outside Spain found that telephone communication with their correspon- dents had been broken off. A swift and well organized military revolt originating in the army in Morocco had started. Garrisons in many cen- tres were quickly dominated by anti- Government forces consisting of wine-tenths of the army with the For- eign Legion and Moroccan native troops. The remainder of Spain was! held' by supporters of the Govern- ment. Then was launched the ghast- ly tragedy of the Spanish Civil War which has developed- into a cruel class struggle. Italy and Germany have made it their war and it has taken all the diplomacy of‘France When surrender in the field comes what then 2’ Will the foreign invad- ers leave Sjiaén to allow Spaniards to heal their wounds? Will they remain to exact the price of the lives ‘ and millions they have spent to bring: ‘a Franco victorv? France and Bl'i- ‘tain are using; all their influence t0 ‘ force Mussolini to withdraw his forces. If Spain becomes a vaszsal Fascist state it will» be a menace to both these democratic countries. ,France will be surrounded on three sides by Fascist enemies; Britain would find her position in the Med- iterranean imperilled. Already the British and French have scored one diplomatic victory in preventing Italian forces from having any part in the surrender of the key island' of Minorca. The Spanish are an independent and a cross-grained race. Even with all he owes to Mussolini and Hitler we doubt whether General Franco will be ready to submit to Italian 'dominatibn. EurOpean tension over Spain is not over; it is probably only beginning. But with France and Britain cl-Ose allies, working together and determined no longer to sur- render to Fascist demands, Mussolini may find that his Spanish victory has been in vain. The new Spain, even the Spain of a Franco dictator- ship, is bound to be different from the old Spain which thFough incom- petence lost its empire. and Britain ho prevent, its through Europe. Helen Simpson Lynett J. F. Lynetl ORDER HELEN SIMPSON FLOWERS For All Occasions Phone orders delivered any- where in North Yonge St. District 2518 YONGE STREET (At St. Clements) MOhawk 3000 spreading Guinea fowl are in season. Nice birds weighing about 34 Lbs. Were 65c: and 75c. each at Nonth York Mar: k‘Et on Saturday. Plump little pig-eons were 35c. pair; dressed rabbits‘35c.‘ each Lamb prices were up a l‘ttle, legs selling- at 27c. 1b., 10in 27¢, chops 30c., shoulders 18c. Beef was of fine quality and a prime favorite; porterhouse selling at 34c., sirloin’ 29m, round 24¢, rump 22c, bonedi rolled rib 220. to 28c., short rib 19c.,‘ blades 1%. and 18c., chuck 14c. and] 16c. and_ ibrisket 11c. Loin of pork fetched 26c.) leg 24c., butt. 23c., shoul-‘ der 17c. Side bacon was 28c., back 45c. and peameal back 400. At a' stand in the annex which specializesl in pork and cheese, were some fine‘ meaty spare ri'bs at 28c. a 1.1)., pork sausage 25c., smoked cottage rol-ls‘ 30c., hams 30c., half or whole, 35c.’ sliced; back bacon 45c. or 43c. in the piece, side 35c. and 33c. ‘ Produce Prices Old cheese was 32c. 1b., mild baby‘ chedder 25c., Canadian Swiss or lijyiJ burger 2/80. Butter was 2'5c. and 23c! 1b.; eggs from 25c, to 38¢. dozen;‘ roasting chickens 250. and 27c. 1b.: broilers 35c., geese 28c. Rhulbarb was plentiful, 2 bunches for 15c., large bunches of parsley“ were 5c., mint 50., cress, green on-‘ ions and radishes and leaf lettuce 3' for 10c., carrots, parsnips, turnips,I leeks and beets enough for the aver-‘ age family were 5c.Y large cooked' beets were 2 for 5c., Savoys, from 5c.‘ each up, potatoes 20c. basket, mush-J rooms 30c. 1‘b., celery 10c. lbunch. ' Many Flowers ' The flower stands were a mass of beautiful bloom, and prices were‘ lower, cut flowers and potted plants selling from 20c. up. Among the cut‘ varieties were daffodils. tulips, free-‘ zia, stocks, roses, snapvdragons, sweet peas and marigolds, while in pots' there were English primroses, prim-' ulas, crocuses, hyacinths, daffodils,” narcissi, begonias and' cinnerarias as‘ well as a few pransies and forget-’ me-nots. Home baked pies at 2:5c. and 300. each, included: rhubarb, apple, raisin, red currant and lemon; individual pies were 5c. each, chickpn pies 2 for 15c., iced! layer cakes were 20c. and» 35c. each, nut and date loaf 10c., muffins 25c. dozen, bread buns 20c. pan, cookies 15c. dozen, bread 5a., 10¢, 120. loaf. Nature tried to teach us sense. She put our eyes in front so we couldn’t see the mistakes behind us. 0000900000.? @WQOWOWMWMW 3 Phone 6189 Yonge St. 9 VVillowdale 218 Newtonbrook 0 “Tony Saves You Money” 'WWOWWW EMEN’S FURNESHENGS 9=o===oo HARRY R. ROSE FURS; York Market TAILORING] York Am Wreakers We are now stocked to meet all your requirements in men’s and boys’ clothing Branch, Aurora “IF IT’S FOR A CAR OR TRUCK WE HAVE IT” Phone 49J 40 Yonge St., Richmond Hill Telephone 135 Office Hoursâ€"Every Monday and Thursday Afternoon and by appointment Toronto Offices: 100 Adelaide Street West Let us look after your every tailor- ing need. Men’s and Ladies’ Tailor- ing at most moderate prices. Phone and we will gladly call on you. RICHMOND TAILORS FINE SILVER. 'FOX FURS AT SENSATIONAL SAVINGS ‘FURS REMODELLED AND REPAIRED WORK SHIRTS, OVERALLS, MITTS, ETC. ROSE & HERMAN Barristers-At-Law THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 23rd, 1939. J. A. GREENE, OL‘JO BALING Hay & Straw ALL KINDS OF SHEET METAL WORK Furnacea, Eave Troughs, Metal Garages. Roofing Jobbing Promptlv Attended to Established 1880 Having taken over Moore Bros. baling business I am pre- pared to bale hay and straw on short notice. Price rea- sonable. Latest facility for moving outfit. MASSEY-HARRIS AGENT Farm Implements, Machinery and Repn-irs Telephone Richmond Hill 39 Beatty Farm Equipment J.FOX Successor to Moore Bros. J. R. Herrington 93 Yonge St. Richmond Hill C.N.R. Money Order Office Real Estate â€"- Insurame Conveyancing Estates Managed Rents Collected Charles Graham Phone Stouffville 7113 Gormley RR. 1 PERCY COBER Richmond Hill LOUIS HERMAN